Abstract: Compounds are provided for use in an electrolyte comprising repeating unit selected from the group consisting of cyclic and heterocyclic species having y carbon atoms and z heteroatoms, X, and where y is 4, 5 or 6 and z is 0, 1 or 2. The heteroatom is selected from the group consisting of O, S and N. The repeating unit is further substituted by four to six pendant groups having the formula, (CHR.sub.1).sub.m O(CHR.sub.1 CHR.sub.1 O).sub.n Y, where the majority of pendant groups comprises at least two O and further,in which m is 0 or 1,in which n is in the range of 0 to 25,in which each R.sub.1 is the same or different and R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, allylic and alkenyl radicals having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and Y, andin which each Y is the same or different and Y is a functional group selected from the group consisting of polymerizable functionalities, plasticizing agents and ionic species. Electrolytes, plasticizers and macroions prepared from these compounds are described.

Abstract: Novel perfluoropolyether derivatives are described which are obtained from perfluoropolyethers having a carboxyl group at one or both ends and monoamines or diamines. The derivative is useful as a lubricant owing to its significantly improved lubricity. The lubricity is shown under severe high or low temperature and humidity conditions over a long term. The derivative is especially useful as a lubricant for magnetic recording mediums of the coating and metal thin film types.

Abstract: An environment-friendly basic oil based on natural materials for the formulation of hydraulic oils having improved viscosity at elevated temperature and lower pour point contains rapeseed oil or soybean oil as the main component, an antioxidant selected from methoxyphenol, ethoxyphenol, butyl hydroxyanisole, butyl hydroxytoluene, methoxyhydroquinone, ethoxyhydroquinone, tertiary butyl hydroquinone, and tocopherol, and an ester of a monocarboxylic acid or a fatty acid.

Abstract: A method for the removal and prevention of scale using a soap composition of a 1:1 stoichiometric ratio equivalent of an acid and a base. The acid, for example, is an organic carboxylic acid or a mineral acid. The base is an amine or ammonia. The organic acids consist of formic, acetic, propionic, citric, glycolic, lactic, tartaric, polyacrylic, succinic, sulfonic, gluconic, benzoic, salicylic, and mixtures thereof. The mineral acids consist of hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric, polyphosphoric, hydrofluoric, boric, sulfuric, and sulfurous, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Cathode for collecting and donating charged particles. The cathode comprises current collector means for collecting charged particles injected into the cathode from an anode. Current conducting means are provided which are electrically interfaced to an ion transporting medium and to the current collector means. The current conductor means transfers charge from the current collector means to the ion transporting medium. The current conducting means comprises a plurality of core members and a charge donor material that donates charge to the ion transporting medium when the current collector means collects charged particles. A battery is also provided comprising the cathode and an anode means for discharging charged particles when the battery is loaded. Methods of manufacturing the cathode comprise coating a plurality of core members with a charge donating material and interfacing the coated core members to an ion transporting medium to provide a subassembly composite.

Abstract: This invention contemplates using semiconductor microactuators as small valves in combination with electric appliances powered by fluid depolarized electrochemical batteries, especially zinc-air cells, or in combination with fluid depolarized electrochemical batteries themselves, all to regulate fluid flow into the batteries. The purpose is to prevent degradation of the batteries when idle, yet permit fluid flow when operating and only when operating. The valves are proposed to be modified to use them as movement devices and valves, using the traditional moving part of the semiconduictor microactuator to move a slide. To increase the area available for fluid flow, the invention proposes to use grids of aperatures for structural integrity, which when the grids are aligned, allows for fluid flow, and when "unaligned" in the normally closed position, block fluid flow. Pressure relief characteristics, corrosion protection, control circuitry, circulation means, and other advantages and methods are also claimed.

Abstract: Novel cerium (IV) oxidic compounds, well suited as catalysts, e.g., for the clean combustion of hydrocarbon fuels and for the "drying" of paint compositions, each Ce(IV) atom of which being coordinated with two anions of an organic oxyacid advantageously having a pKa greater than 1, preferably greater than 2, or a mixture of such oxyacids, and the oxidic oxygen atom or atoms of which being other than those comprising the organic oxyacids; representative such novel cerium (IV) oxidic compounds, whether yellow crystalline solids or yellow liquids, have the formula:(H.sub.2 O).sub.p [CeO(A).sub.2 .multidot.(AH).sub.n .multidot.].sub.min which the radicals A, which may be the same or different, are each the residue of an organic oxyacid of formula AH, p is an integer ranging from 0 to 5, n ranges from 0 to 2 and m is an integer ranging from 1 to 12.

Abstract: An encapsulation apparatus is provided for a thermal management system for at least one battery. The apparatus comprises a housing including an inner wall defining a receptacle for the battery. The inner wall is positioned in thermal contact with the battery. The housing further comprises an outer wall in spaced-apart relationship with the inner wall to define an enclosure therebetween for receiving a phase change material.

Abstract: Aminomethylene phosphonates, which give excellent inhibition of the formation, deposition and adherence of scale-forming salts, especially calcium carbonate, in aqueous systems, are degraded by the oxidizing biocides bromine and chlorine used to control microbial growth in such aqueous systems. It has been found that organic sulfonamides provide excellent protection against such degradation when they are added to the aqueous system along with the aminomethylene phosphonate scale inhibitors.

Abstract: Water purifying substances produced by mixing raw material soil containing allophane expressed by:nSiO.sub.2.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.mH.sub.2 Owhere, n is a number within the range of 1.3 to 2, and m is a number within the range of 2.5 to 3 at the maximum larger than 0, with water, and sintering a mixture thus obtained at 200.degree. C. to 700.degree. C., consequently to form porous sintered particles having a function of absorbing and fixing phosphoric acid. By scattering the water purifying substances around a lake, marsh or other body of water, phosphoric acid in sludge accumulated in the lake and so on can be effectively captured. The purifying effect of the water purifying substance can be improved by adding polyaluminum chloride and/or ferrous sulfate to the raw material soil.

Abstract: A composition to lubricate or preserve rubber materials having, by weight, 5-10% graphite, 0.5-10% of a titanate ester and the balance isopropyl alcohol. A rubber material is lubricated or preserved by the steps of applying such a composition to a rubber material and allowing the composition to adhere to the rubber material. The composition may also contain 0.5-5% by weight of a fluorocarbon polymer and/or 0.02-5% by weight of a UV stabilizer. The composition and method are particularly suited for lubricating and/or preserving rubber windshield wiper blades.

Abstract: A process is provided for the non-glutaraldehyde fixation of a prosthesis to be implanted in a mammal whereby the prosthesis is fixed by employing cross-linking agents to form amide linkages between and within the molecules of the prosthetic tissue. The disclosed process prevents or retards calcification and results in a product which does not cause inflammation and is nontoxic; it thus provides prostheses that are well-suited for implantation in a mammal.

Abstract: A battery of high temperature cells in a battery casing includes a plurality of rigid metal elements secured to a rigid board of electrical insulating material. The metal elements provide mutually insulated conducting pathways. One end of each of the metal elements connects to either a cell or a bank of cells and an opposite end converges to a location on the board. The board may include one or more of these locations to allow for multiple electrical connections to be made through the casing. In addition, the number of the locations on the board may be less than the number of metal elements.

Abstract: Chlorine-free polyfunctional polyisobutenes are described that can be modified by amines, alcohols and/or amino alcohols to result in additives that can be used in the petroleum field in particular in fuels and engine lubricants.They are prepared by radical terpolymerization of isobutene, maleic anhydride and polyisobutene having an average content of "exo" end double bonds of at least 50%.

Abstract: A method for operating a power generator in which a solid oxide fuel cell is used as a power-generating element and an air electrode of the solid oxide fuel cell is composed of lanthanum manganite, the method involving the step of setting a heating rate and a cooling rate at least in a temperature range of 800.degree. C. to 900.degree. C. at not less than 3.degree. C./min. when the fuel cell is heated up to an operating temperature at the time of starting the power generator and when the fuel cell is cooled from the operating temperature at the time of stopping the power generator. Alternatively, the method involves the step of setting a partial pressure of oxygen, at least in a temperature range of 800.degree. C. to 900.degree. C., in an atmosphere to which the air electrode is exposed, to at not less than 10.sup.-15 arms but not more than 10.sup.

Abstract: A composition for controlling the deposition of scale imparting species on the structural surfaces of steam generating systems comprising the use of a water soluble polymer having the structure ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is H or lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl, R.sub.2 is (CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --O).sub.n, ##STR2## or a mixture of both, and n is an integer of from about 1 to about 40, R.sub.3 is H, lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) alkyl or an acetate. This polymer may also be used in concert with topping agents such as phosphoric acids, phosphonic acids, amines, metal chelating agents and oxygen scavengers.

Abstract: A lubricant composition comprising as a base oil one or more ester oils, alkylbenzene oils and mineral oils, and a glycidyl ether compound having at least two epoxy groups is miscible in hydrofluorocarbon and hydrochlorofluorocarbon refrigerants such as R134a, etc. as replacing refrigerants of R12 and provides a stable operation of refrigeration compressor for a long period of time without causing corrosion and wear of a sliding portion of the compressor.

Abstract: A solid lubricant composition comprises (I) 30 to 70 parts by weight of graphite, (II) 70 to 30 parts by weight of a mixture of at least two components selected from alkali molybdate, alkali or alkaline earth sulphate and alkali phosphate, the ratio of the two individual ingredients being in the range of from 0.05/1 to 20/1. Compositions give improved load-bearing capacity and allows settling of friction coefficient.

Abstract: This invention provides a novel antiwear and antioxidant additive for use in lubricating oils, particularly automatic transmission fluids. The novel additive is the reaction product of a phosphating agent and a thioalcohol. The reaction product is nonaggressive to silicone-based seals.

Abstract: A paste nickel electrode plate comprising a porous metal substrate filled with a mixture of a nickel hydroxide powder used as an active material and a CoO powder used as an electroconductive material wherein the CoO powder has a covering layer of hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of the powder particles to prevent the formation of Co.sub.3 O.sub.4 on the surfaces of the CoO powder particles. A storage battery is provided using the above-described paste nickel electrode plate as a positive electrode.