Abstract: Toxic substances such as heavy metals are extracted from a medium using a sorbent composition. The composition is derived by sulfidation of red mud, which contains hydrated ferric oxides derived from the Bayer processing of bauxite ores. Exemplary sulfidizing compounds are H2S, Na2S, K2S, (NH4)2S, and CaSx. The sulfur content typically is from about 0.2 to about 10% above the residual sulfur in the red mud. Sulfidized red mud is an improved sorbent compared to red mud for most of the heavy metals tested (Hg, Cr, Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Se, Th, and U). Unlike red mud, sulfidized red mud does not leach naturally contained metals. Sulfidized red mud also prevents leaching of metals when mixed with red mud. Mixtures of sulfidized red mud and red mud are more effective for sorbing other ions, such as As, Co, Mn, and Sr, than sulfidized red mud alone.

Abstract: The present invention provides a catalyst having high activity and excellent stability, a process for preparation of the catalyst, a membrane electrode assembly, and a fuel cell. The catalyst of the present invention comprises an electronically conductive support and catalyst fine particles. The catalyst fine particles are supported on the support and are represented by the formula (1): PtuRuxGeyTz (1). In the formula, u, x, y and z mean 30 to 60 atm %, 20 to 50 atm %, 0.5 to 20 atm % and 0.5 to 40 atm %, respectively. When the element represented by T is Al, Si, Ni, W, Mo, V or C, the content of the T-element's atoms connected with oxygen bonds is not more than four times as large as that of the T-element's atoms connected with metal bonds on the basis of X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS) analysis.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a composition comprising a complex hydride and a borohydride catalyst wherein the borohydride catalyst comprises a BH4 group, and a group IV metal, a group V metal, or a combination of a group IV and a group V metal. Also disclosed herein are methods of making the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a conductive composition and a conductive paste from which a conductive film having a high conductivity and a low thermal expansion coefficient can be formed. The thermal expansion coefficient of an island fixing type conductive layer 10 is compatible with that of a substrate 12. A cracking of the island fixing type conductive layer 10 or a crack in the substrate 12 due to a difference between these thermal expansion coefficients is suitably inhibited. The thermal expansion coefficient of the island fixing type conductive layer 10 is adjusted by ZWP contained in the range from 10 to 55 (wt %) as a low-expansion filler. Thus, compared with the case where other low-expansion filler is added, the conductivity degradation is inhibited. Accordingly, the island fixing type conductive layer 10 having a high conductivity and a high bonding strength is obtained.

Abstract: Disclosed are high-porosity cordierite honeycomb substrates having fine pore size, narrow pore size distribution, little or no microcracking, and a high thermal shock resistance. The porous ceramic honeycomb substrates generally include a primary cordierite ceramic phase as defined herein. Also disclosed are methods for making and using the cordierite substrates.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for treatment of a gas stream comprising silicon tetrafluoride and hydrogen chloride. For example, the present invention is directed to a method for treatment of such a gas stream that involves contacting the gas stream with a metal that reacts with the hydrogen chloride to provide a treated gas stream having reduced hydrogen chloride content. The present invention is further directed to methods for subjecting silicon tetrafluoride and hydrogen chloride-containing gas streams to elevated pressure to provide gas streams suitable for transport.

Abstract: A process for preparing a beta zeolite is described, comprising at least the following steps: i) mixing, in an aqueous medium, at least one source of at least one tetravalent element X, at least one source of fluoride anions and at least one quaternary ammonium salt with formula (H3C)2—N+—(CH2CH2C(CH3)3)2; ii) treating said mixture hydrothermally until said beta zeolite is formed.