Abstract: A metal vapor arc lamp having a filling including pyrolitically decomposing metal halides such as thorium iodide uses a loop electrode which allows the heat from the hot spot to flow in two directions. Such electrodes are less expensive to manufacture and, in an environment where the decomposing metal halide provides activation, they are less subject to deformation and consume less energy than conventional electrodes comprising shank plus overwind.

Abstract: The embodiment of the invention disclosed herein is directed to a gas tube tester which provides a pair of terminals for connection to the external electrodes of a cold cathode gas discharge tube. The tester includes one circuit for applying a progressively increasing voltage across the discharge tube so that the breakover voltage of the tube can be determined, this breakover voltage being registered on a meter. A second circuit is provided for testing the leakage current of the gas discharge tube within predetermined limits. A leakage current corresponding to a one megohm internal resistance is sufficient to render conductive a programmable silicon controlled rectifier to give an indication of excessive leakage current.

Abstract: A gas discharge panel in which at least the electrodes serving as cathodes are separated from each other by partitions which consist of electrically oxidized aluminum strips which, like the cathodes, are also connected to a flat insulating plate by means of glaze.

Abstract: A conductivity measurement probe formed of an electrically nonconducting rigid body which carries a cylindrical flow passage defining a flux channel to polarization current. The body has inlet and outlet means for passing aqueous liquid or other electrolytes through the flow passage. Four elongated metallic electrodes are positioned in alignment within the flow passage and in electric isolation from one another. Preferably, the outer electrodes serve as references for observing induced polarizing potential and an inner pair of the electrodes which serve auxiliary functions for providing current flow in the flow passage; and, the reference electrodes reside within the limits of the flux channel containing the polarization current. The reference and auxiliary electrodes are preferably spaced uniformly along the flow passage. Electrically conductive means extend from the electrodes within the body.

Abstract: A tester for a solid state voltage regulator includes two parallel branches available for interconnection to the two output contacts of the voltage regulator. The two branches both interconnect to the high voltage side of a battery. One of the branches includes a resistor in parallel combination with an indicator bulb. One of the branches includes a normally open switch. For use with automobile alternators having a built-in regulator, the tester can be connected directly to the regulator and test both the regulator and the alternator. When the regulator is independent of the alternator, it can be tested by itself by using actual rotor current available from an alternator used in conjunction with the tester. The on/off condition of the indicator bulb, when the switch and various contact terminals are interconnected, provides an indication of the effective operation of the regulator. A volt meter can be included integrally with the tester to provide output readings of the regulator.

Abstract: In a correction lens wherein the effective surface thereof has at least a lens member having no island shaped portion, said member being defined by the step shaped border line never closing by themselves to form an island shaped lens segment on said correction lens surface.

Abstract: A device for measuring an electrical quantity at high-voltage potential includes a light-wave conductor for conducting light to a measuring sensor on the high-voltage side. A reflecting surface is arranged at the end of the measuring sensor that faces away from the light-wave conductor; this reduces the length of the light-wave conductor required. The light beam is reflected at the reflecting surface and leaves the light-wave conductor at low-voltage potential as a modulated light beam.

Abstract: Testing of integrated circuit components of the silicon wafer type for grading purposes is accomplished by supporting the wafer matrix on a platform type work table which is indexed in an x-y coordinate fashion, with the work table being moved vertically to a test position such that the test probes make contact with a precise predetermined position corresponding to the precise location of that portion of the integrated circuit to be tested. The work table is movable vertically with reference to a predetermined axis and rotatable with respect thereto such that the surface of the table remains perpendicular to the reference axis. The chuck assembly for moving the table includes a housing having a bore whose center forms the axis, with a chuck plate mounted for sliding movement in the bore. The end of the chuck plate is in the form of a flanged spool which receives bearing-eccentric assembly for effecting vertical movement while permitting rotation of the spool and the attached chuck plate.

Abstract: A variable color light filter system comprises a variable light filter including a pair of superimposed different color chromatic polarizing components with axes at a right angle to each other and an achromatic polarizing filter component which is rotatable relative to the chromatic polarizing components. A quarter wave length retardation plate is positioned in front of the variable light filter and has its optical axis at 45.degree. to the vertical. In another form the achromatic polarizing filter component is positioned between two pairs of superimposed chromatic polarizing components all of which are of different colors.

Abstract: An elongated discharge lamp which is particularly intended for use in photo-chemical reaction processes. The discharge tube of the lamp is supported at its ends by two end mountings, one of which carries the input terminals for the lamp. A conductor extending along the length of the discharge tube joins one of the terminals to the electrode at the remote end of the tube, and the tube and conductor are separately enclosed in respective transparent tubular envelopes sealed to the end mountings at their ends.A liquid-cooling jacket is provided, cooling liquid being circulated therethrough by means of a tube of transparent material supported in the end mountings.

Abstract: An optically nonlinear liquid thin film in a thin film optical waveguide is utilized in order to produce optical parametric interactions such as second harmonic generation. Optimization (tuning) of parametric output by "phase matching" is achieved by means of an electric field which is set up in the liquid film, the field having a spatial periodicity along the propagation direction of the optical waves in the thin film. Alternative or further optimization of parametric output is achieved by varying the thickness of the liquid film in situ.

Abstract: The low noise parametric amplifier disclosed is a non-cryogenic non-redundant plural stage unit with excess gain such that failure of any one stage results in only minor degradation of signal-to-noise ratio. While the amplifier is of general application, it is specifically intended for use in the receiver of an unattended earth terminal of a satellite communication system. In this environment, reliability is achieved by employing a plurality of cascaded, modular parametric amplifier stages. Each stage includes a varactor diode, a pump circuit with its oscillator, a bias circuit, and temperature stabilizing circuitry employing a Peltier junction. The stages are connected to a multi-port circulator by quick disconnect couplings which permit the modular amplifier stages to be removed and replaced without any interruption in the operation of the amplifier.

Abstract: A D.C. tachometer circuit comprising a non-linear D.C. tachometer which produces an output voltage having an A.C. ripple, a first current path from the D.C. tachometer including means for removing the D.C. component of the output voltage of the tachometer, means for inverting and isolating the A.C. voltage ripple, and means for eliminating drift and the D.C. level of the inverted and isolated A.C. voltage-ripple, means for mixing the original output voltage of the D.C. tachometer including the A.C. ripple and the inverted and isolated A.C. voltage ripple to establish a non-linear ripple-free output voltage, and means for linearizing the non-linear ripple-free output voltage.

Abstract: A torque motor incorporating a permanent magnet rotor and winding therewith for providing the indicating mechanism of a servoed indicating unit. The circuitry for use with the indicating mechanism first applies a reference feedback-producing pulse, then provides the signal for application of torque to the indicator to move it toward the desired position, and then has a quiescent period to clear the stator windings of the mechanism of currents before recommencing the voltage reference and torquing cycle.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an ultraviolet light generator which mixes, or frequency doubles, light by means of a borate crystal such as AB.sub.5 O.sub.8.4H.sub.2 O where A=Ammonium (NH.sub.4), Potassium (K), Rubidium (Rb), or Cesium (Cs). This ultraviolet light generator is pumped with a dye laser capable of emitting coherent light of wavelengths from 4000 to 5600 A (Angstroms) to generate phase matched second harmonics between about 2150 A and 2650 A, a range not readily attained by systems using other crystals.

Abstract: An X-ray tube including an evacuated envelope having therein a rotatable anode target comprising a cup-shaped disc open toward an electron emitting cathode and having a sloped inner wall provided with an annular groove wherein a plurality of rod-like members are disposed in side-by-side relationship, the rod-like members being made of rare earth composite material to provide substantially monochromatic X-radiation when bombarded with electrons.

Abstract: An automatic calibration system for pH meters includes a digital counter and a digital-to-analog converter which produces an output voltage connected to compensate the zero offset DC voltage of the pH measurement system. During a calibration operation a switch is closed to reset the binary counters and to thereafter supply clock pulses to the counters. As these clock pulses are counted, the digital-to-analog converter produces a staircase output voltage. This is applied to one input of a difference amplifier and the measuring voltage of the pH probe is applied to the other input. A detector stops the application of clock pulses to the counter when the staircase voltage equals the DC offset voltage of the pH measuring probe.

Abstract: A device for controlling the termination of light emission by a flash device including means for detecting the light reflected from the subject being illuminated by the flash, integrating means connected to the detecting means for providing a flash termination signal when the total amount of light received by the detecting means reaches a predetermined value, and flash termination means connected to the integrating device and to the flash device for terminating the delivery of electrical energy to the flash device when the signal from the integrating device reaches its predetermined value. The flash termination device is preferably constituted by a novel gas-filled, arc-producing element having identical, unpolarized electrodes and an internal or external triggering electrode.

Abstract: An EPR spectrometer of high sensitivity and low cost particularly adapted for studying liquid samples of high dielectric loss such as water. A microwave cavity is employed oscillating either in the rectangular TE.sub.lOn or cylindrical TM.sub.lmO mode, where l, m, and n are integers. The cavity dimension corresponding to zero index is small, of the order of 2 mm for a spectrometer operating at 10 GHz, resulting in (1) the cavity frequency is unchanged (2) the cavity Q is unusually low (3) the cavity filling factor for 1 mm inner diameter cylindrical sample tubes is unusually high. The product of the Q and the filling factor, which product determines the EPR sensitivity, is as high a value as is found in larger high Q cavities. The requisite magnet gap is unusually small, thus greatly lowering the weight and cost of the magnet required. Rather noisy inexpensive low quality microwave sources can be used without degradation in sensitivity because of the low Q.

Abstract: A fixture for assembling a probe card adapted to test integrated circuit patterns having contacts deployed thereon. The card includes an opening providing access to a pattern and a ring of spaced conductive pads surrounding the opening. Anchored on selected pads are blade-like needle-holders having needles extending therefrom to engage the contacts in the pattern being tested. The fixture is designed to facilitate attachment of each needle-holder blade to its pad on the card and to orient the blade before such attachment so that the needle point is precisely aligned with the related contact.