Abstract: A process for increasing a softening point of isotropic pitch includes providing a hydrocarbon feed including isotropic pitch having a first softening point and mixing the hydrocarbon feed with a carrier gas such that a mixture of the hydrocarbon feed and the carrier gas establishes at least one chosen from an annular-mist flow regime and a mist flow regime. The annular-mist flow regime includes a liquid film layer and a dispersion of entrained droplets, and the mist flow regime includes a dispersion of entrained droplets. The mixture of the hydrocarbon feed and the carrier gas approaches a vapor-liquid equilibrium. The process also includes discharging an effluent of the mixture into a separation vessel and separating a vapor phase and a liquid phase in the separation vessel. The liquid phase includes isotropic pitch having a second softening point greater than the first softening point.

Abstract: Process for producing a light gasoline having a sulfur content of less than 10 ppm by weight, with respect to the total weight of the light gasoline, starting from a gasoline containing sulfur compounds, olefins and diolefins, which process includes a) a stage of selective hydrogenation to hydrogenate the diolefins and a reaction for increasing the molecular weight of a part of the sulfur compounds; b) a stage separating the effluent obtained from stage a) into a gaseous fraction, a light gasoline cut and a heavy gasoline cut, stage b) being carried out in a fractionation column containing n plates, n being an integer of 20 or more, the first plate being the reboiler and the plate “n” being the condenser, wherein the light gasoline cut is withdrawn from the fractionation column at the plate “n-i”, with i being 1 to 10.

Abstract: A supported riser apparatus may be housed at least partially within a vessel. The supported riser apparatus may include a riser including a non-vertical riser segment, a non-linear riser segment, and a vertical riser segment. The supported riser apparatus may further include a support member comprising a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end of the support member may be connected to the non-vertical riser segment and the angle between the support member and the non-vertical riser segment may be from 15 to 75. The supported riser apparatus may include a support structure connected to the riser and the support member and an expansion guide connected to an interior surface of the vessel. The expansion guide may be shaped and positioned such that the support member slides across the expansion guide as the support member undergoes thermal expansion or thermal contraction.

Abstract: A fluidizing apparatus for the treatment of particulate material. The fluidizing apparatus includes a fluidization unit which has a longitudinal axis and a perforated distributor plate which divides the fluidization unit into a distributor chamber and a fluidization chamber arranged above the distributor chamber. The distributor chamber includes a web arranged in the region of a material outlet surface and extending at least partially in the circumferential direction. The distributor plate is arranged movably relative to the fluidization unit.

Abstract: A device for continuously producing hydrogen from polyester plastics by photocatalytic degradation is provided, including: a machine housing; a feeding mechanism provided at one side of the machine housing, a bottom of the feeding mechanism is in communication with a dissolving mechanism for transporting waste plastics to the dissolving mechanism; a dissolving mechanism provided inside the machine housing and configured for hydrolyzing the waste plastics into a solution containing small molecule monomers by means of a dissolving solution, the dissolving mechanism transports the solution to a photocatalytic reactor through a solution circulation pipeline; the solution circulation pipeline provided at the other side of the machine housing, two ends of the solution circulation pipeline are respectively connected to the dissolving mechanism and the photocatalytic reactor; the photocatalytic reactor provided above the dissolving mechanism and configured for degrading plastics in the solution to collect a reaction

Abstract: A tandem polyolefin depolymerization-metathesis process and system for converting polymer waste to smaller hydrocarbons, specifically liquid and gaseous products, which subsequently can be modified and used as feeds or co-feeds for making circular products such as circular ethylene and polyethylene. Specifically, the disclosed processes include a tandem depolymerization process step followed by a metathesis process to provide a effluent that can be separated, further processed with a subsequent depolymerization step, or both. The effluents can be supplied to downstream processing units such as a steam cracker or AROMAX® unit thereby providing an efficient method for converting polymer waste into useful circular products. Therefore, these processes and systems can expand the number of usable plastic waste streams and improve the economics of plastic waste recycling.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to catalysts. In one aspect, a catalyst is a ZnxMy/zeolite catalyst, with ½?x/y?4, and M being a metal from a group Cr, Mo, and W. Zn is an oxide, M is an oxide, and there are at least some ZnMOx oxides.

Abstract: The presently disclosed concepts relate to systems and methods for effluent stream abatement via pyrolytic emission looping. In use, the systems and methods include a feed gas stream, and at least one dissociating reactor that receives the feed gas stream. The at least one dissociating reactor outputs, at least in part, a carbon allotrope material and a discharge pyrolytic emissions stream. Additionally, a gas separating system is used to separate the discharge pyrolytic emissions stream into at least one species component, where the at least one species component is added to at least the feed gas stream.

Abstract: The invention relates to a plasma device (1) for treating body surfaces, comprising a main body (3) that can be held in the hand, on which a plasma source (5) is arranged, which is designed for generating a non-thermal plasma, and comprising a spacer which is designed to define, when installed, a distance between the plasma source (5) and a body surface to be treated, wherein the spacer (7) can be detachably connected to the main body (3) and/or to the plasma source (5), and wherein the plasma source (5) can be detachably connected to the main body (3).

Abstract: An impurity removal amount prediction method in chemical process is provided. The impurity removal amount prediction method in chemical process according to the embodiments of the present invention comprises making neural network models learn using data from a chemical process and predicting removal amounts of impurities removed in the chemical process using the learned neural network models. The impurities are included in the feed supplied to reactors of the chemical process and are removed by reacting with catalysts disposed in the reactors. The reactors include a first reactor and a second reactor arranged in parallel. The neural network models include a first neural network model applied to the first reactor and a second neural network model applied to the second reactor. The neural network models learn in the direction to minimize the difference between the output data of the first neural network model and the second neural network model.

Abstract: A fluid catalytic cracking unit fractionator including a fractionator column, a bottom liquid section disposed at the bottom of the fractionator column, a slurry pumparound section disposed above the bottom liquid section in the fractionator column, a heavy cycle oil (HCO) pumparound section disposed above the slurry pumparound section, and a pumpdown liquid distributor disposed in the fractionator column between the slurry pumparound section and the HCO pumparound section. The slurry pumparound section including at least one slurry pumparound bed disposed in the fractionator column and at least one slurry pumparound liquid distributor, wherein the at least one slurry pumparound liquid distributor is disposed above the at least one slurry pumparound bed.

Abstract: The invention concerns a hydrocarbon fluid comprising 75 to 95% by weight of isoparaffins and less than 500 ppm by weight of aromatics relative to the total weight of the hydrocarbon fluid, said fluid having an initial boiling point and a final boiling point in the range of 120 to 240° C. and a flash point lower than 90° C. The invention also concerns the use of the hydrocarbon fluid of the invention as solvent, for example in a paint, material coating, material treatment, sealant, polymerization, aerosol, cleaning or water treatment composition.

Abstract: Systems and processes for the treatment of a naphtha range hydrocarbon feedstock comprising sulfur-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, olefins, diolefins, and aromatics. The systems and processes are configured to treat the naphtha range hydrocarbon feedstock to convert the sulfur-containing compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, and olefins, diolefins while less than 2 wt % aromatics are hydrogenated, producing an olefin lean overheads fraction comprising less than 0.2 wt % olefins and less than 100 mg/kg sulfur and an aromatics rich fraction comprising less than 50 ppmw olefins, less than 0.5 ppmw sulfur and less than 0.5 ppmw nitrogen.

Abstract: Processes and systems for upgrading a hydrocarbon. In some embodiments, the process for upgrading a hydrocarbon, can include contacting a gas that can include one or more C1-C4 hydrocarbons and carbonyl sulfide with a sorbent under conditions sufficient to cause at least a portion of the carbonyl sulfide to sorb onto the sorbent to produce a treated gas lean in carbonyl sulfide and a sorbent rich in carbonyl sulfide. The process can also include contacting the sorbent rich in carbonyl sulfide with a regenerating gas that can include molecular hydrogen, one or more C1-C4 hydrocarbons, or a mixture thereof to produce a regenerated sorbent and a desorb effluent that can include a sulfur-based contaminant. The process can also include introducing at least a portion of the desorb effluent into a pyrolysis zone of a steam cracker and recovering a steam cracker effluent from the pyrolysis zone.

Abstract: Provided in one embodiment is an improved and more flexible process for preparing a finished base oil or a white oil product comprising passing a dewaxed base oil product to a distillation column and separating the dewaxed base oil product into fuel and base oil product streams. The base oil product streams are tested to determine if they meet desired specifications. Base oil product streams that meet the desired minimum base oil specifications are passed to a hydrofinishing reactor to prepare a white oil product, or passed to direct sale.

Abstract: The present invention relates to internally profiled variable pitch tubes or pipes made of steel. The terms tube and pipe are used synonymously in the context of this invention. These tubes are used in the petrochemical industry to crack oil, gas and shale feedstocks into simple hydrocarbons such as ethylene and similar products.

Abstract: An apparatus including a radiant heating section and a flue gas stack; one or more process coils disposed within the radiant heating section; one or more fuel-fired burners disposed within the radiant heating section, the one or more fuel-fired burners configured for combusting a fuel and producing the combustion gas; one or more electrical heating elements disposed within the radiant heating section, the one or more electrical heating elements arranged to provide a second radiant energy to a lower elevation of the one or more process coils; and an internal baffle located at an elevation between the upper elevation and the lower elevation, the internal baffle arranged to provide shielding of the one or more electrical heating elements from flame and combustion gases from the one or more fuel-fired burners.

Abstract: Light olefins may be produced from hydrocarbons by a method including passing a hydrocarbon feed stream into one or more feed inlets of a reactor, with one or more co-feeds of steam, a recycle stream or oxygenates. The reactor may include an upper reactor portion defining an upper reaction zone and a lower reactor portion defining a lower reaction zone. The catalyst may move in a generally downward direction through the upper reactor portion and the lower reactor portion, and the hydrocarbon feed stream may move in a generally upward direction through the lower reactor portion and upper reactor portion such that the hydrocarbon feed stream and the catalyst move with a counter-current orientation. Contacting the catalyst with the hydrocarbon feed stream may crack one or more components of the hydrocarbon feed stream and form a hydrocarbon product stream.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon production apparatus includes a synthesis gas production unit structured to produce a synthesis gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen by using carbon dioxide and hydrogen, a hydrocarbon production unit structured to produce a hydrocarbon by using the synthesis gas, and a first separator structured to separate a recycle gas containing a light hydrocarbon having 4 or less carbon atoms from an effluent from the hydrocarbon production unit. The synthesis gas production unit is structured to receive supply of the recycle gas and also use the recycle gas for production of the synthesis gas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gasification process of a solid carbonaceous material by catalysis in molten salts. A carbonaceous material is contacted, for a defined period in the presence of air with a first molten salt bath. The first molten salt bath includes at least one chloride type salt chosen from NaCl, MgCl2, CaCl2, KCl, FeCl2 and which has a melting point greater than or equal to 300° C., a density greater than 1 measured in the liquid state and at atmospheric pressure. The gases formed are recovered, and are contacted with a second molten salt bath optionally different from said first bath and, at the outlet of said second bath, the recovered gases are either stored optionally under pressure, or reinjected into said first bath or said second bath.