Abstract: The present invention provides a novel, cost-effective and simple synthetic process for preparing a nano ZSM-5 catalyst which is further utilized in fluid catalytic cracking of feedstock oil containing organic compounds. The nano-ZSM-5 catalyst shows higher selectivity towards olefines and low selectivity towards LCO and bottoms.

Abstract: Assemblies and methods to enhance hydrotreating and fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) processes associated with a refining operation, during the processes, may include supplying a hydrocarbon feedstock to a cat feed hydrotreater (CFH) processing unit to produce CFH unit materials. The assemblies and methods also may include conditioning material samples, and analyzing the samples via one or more spectroscopic analyzers. The assemblies and methods further may include prescriptively controlling, via one or more FCC process controllers, based at least in part on the material properties, a FCC processing assembly, so that the prescriptively controlling results in causing the processes to produce CFH materials, intermediate materials, the unit materials, and/or the downstream materials having properties within selected ranges of target properties, thereby to cause the processes to achieve material outputs that more accurately and responsively converge on one or more of the target properties.

Abstract: A method of oxygen scavenging, the method (i) providing an oxygen scavenger composition; and (ii) adding the oxygen scavenger composition to an aqueous feed and/or a hydrocarbon feed of a hydrocarbon processing system.

Abstract: Recycle content pyoil is cracked in a cracker furnace to make olefins and the coil outlet temperature of the r-pyoil fed coils can be lowered by adding r-pyoil to the cracker feedstock, or alternatively, the coil outlet temperature of the r-pyoil fed tubes can rise if the mass flow rates of the combined cracker stream containing r-pyoil are kept the same or lowered. Further, increasing the hydrocarbon mass flow rate by addition of r-pyoil can be achieved to also increase the output of ethylene and propylene in the cracker effluent. The cracker furnace can accept ethane and/or propane feedstocks in vapor form along with a liquid and/or vapor feed of r-pyoil.

Abstract: The invention is a process for dearomatization and isomerization of a feedstock having less than or equal to 10 ppm by weight of sulphur, the process comprising: Hydrodearomatizing the feedstock at a temperature ranging from 150 to 220° C. and at a pressure ranging from 20 to 150 bars, in order to provide a dearomatized product; Hydroisomerizing the dearomatized product at a temperature ranging from 250 to 320° C. and at a pressure ranging from 40 to 60 bars in the presence of a catalyst based on platinum or palladium, in order to provide an isomerized product; Hydrodearomatizing the isomerized product at a temperature ranging from 150 to 220° C. and at a pressure ranging from 20 to 150 bars, in order to provide an isomerized and dearomatized product.

Abstract: A method for forming mesophase pitch can include applying a stimulus to a first amount of coal tar to form a first amount of mesophase pitch. The stimulus can include one or more of an electromagnetic field (“EMF”) or a magnetic field. The method can further include evaluating a characteristic of the first amount of mesophase pitch, changing a parameter of the stimulus in response to evaluating the characteristic of the first amount of mesophase pitch, and applying the stimulus exhibiting the changed parameters to a second amount of coal tar to form mesophase pitch.

Abstract: A method of mitigating fouling in a delayed coking unit heater may include forming a plastic mixture including a plastic material and a carrier. The plastic mixture may be combined with a coker feedstock upstream of a coke drum.

Abstract: A system for treating non-petroleum or renewable feedstocks comprises a reactor having a heat source for heating an interior of the reactor. The reactor receives a feedstock of a non-petroleum or renewable feedstock containing oxygen or contaminants at certain conditions to form a reactor product having gums and resins of the feedstock removed and/or reduced. A first heat exchanger cools at least a portion of the reactor product to a reduced temperature to form a reduced-temperature reactor product. A hydroprocessing reactor receives at least a portion of the reduced-temperature reactor product to form a hydroprocessed product. A second heat exchanger receives the hydroprocessed product to cool the hydroprocessed product to a temperature of 250° F. or less to form a cooled hydroprocessed product. A separator is configured to separate and remove non-condensable gases, metals and water from the cooled hydroprocessed product to form liquid hydrocarbons that form a final product.

Abstract: A process for preparing hydrocarbons from an oxygenated hydrocarbon feedstock, such as animal fat, having a high nitrogen impurity is described. Hydrotreatment of the oxygenated feedstock occurs in a first hydrotreating bed arranged downstream of a polishing bed. A gaseous phase is removed and the liquid hydrotreated phase is fed to the polishing bed arranged upstream of the first hydrotreating bed together with fresh hydrogen. The process effectively removes nitrogen impurities from the resultant hydrocarbon product causing an improved cloud point after isomerisation, and the arrangement makes efficient use of fresh hydrogen for polishing, providing a polished hydrocarbon product rich in dissolved hydrogen. Part of the product can be used as hydrocarbon diluent in the downstream hydrotreating bed, and/or withdrawn between the polishing and hydrotreating bed and isomerised in an isomerisation reactor.

Abstract: A method for re-refining used oils comprises contacting feedstock comprising purified used oil with extraction solvent to perform continuous liquid-liquid solvent extraction, to produce an extract stream comprising the extraction solvent and an extract dissolved in the extraction solvent. The feedstock and the extraction solvent are agitated by a variable speed agitator during the solvent extraction at a selected agitation speed. The extract is separated from the extraction solvent and subjected to a continuous flow liquid phase hydrogenation treatment to produce an oil product. A system for performing the method includes a purification unit for purifying the used oil; an extraction column for extracting the extract from the feedstock; and a continuous flow liquid phase hydrogenation unit. The extraction column comprises an agitator configured to agitate the feedstock and the extraction solvent flowing through the extraction column at a variable agitation speed.

Abstract: A reformed fuel manufacturing apparatus and method is provided, including a water tank unit configured to pretreat a water introduced therein by using a carbon filter and a reverse osmosis purifier, the water is additionally pretreated by applying voltage therein with an electrolysis device, an oil tank unit configured to store an oil introduced from an oil inlet, a mixed oil unit connected to the water tank unit and the oil tank unit and configured to produce a mixed oil by using an inline mixer, and an ionization catalyst unit connected to the mixed oil unit and configured to convert the mixed oil to a reformed fuel.

Abstract: A system comprising a pretreated hydrocarbon feedstock supply, wherein said pretreated hydrocarbon feedstock supply comprises at least hydrocarbon feedstock and dissolved salts; a wash water supply, wherein said wash water supply comprises at least water; an alkalinity modifier supply, wherein said alkalinity modifier supply comprises at least one alkalinity modifier or solutions thereof; a desalting vessel; a desalted crude outlet, wherein said desalted crude outlet comprises hydrocarbon feedstock with less dissolved salts by weight than the hydrocarbon feedstock in the pretreated hydrocarbon feedstock supply; and a wash water brine outlet, wherein said wash water brine outlet comprises water with more dissolved salts by weight than the water in the wash water supply.

Abstract: Methods and systems are described for improving the efficiency and reducing the carbon intensity of transportation fuels produced from heavy oil extracted with the steam injection process, by replacing natural gas from fossil fuel sources with a substitute renewable gas produced from solid carbonaceous materials while co-producing a solid carbonaceous byproduct.

Abstract: The present application relates to a process for cracking a hydrocarbon feedstock, using to the largest extent electrically powered equipment where the power is obtained from renewable sources or low-carbon sources. In particular, it relates to a furnace for steam cracking a hydrocarbon feedstock, wherein the furnace comprises one or more tubes for transporting the hydrocarbon feedstock and dilution steam; and an electrically heated infrared emitter for transferring heat to the tubes. It also relates to a process for steam cracking a hydrocarbon feedstock using infrared radiation.

Abstract: Processes and systems for quenching an effluent. In certain embodiments, the process can include contacting a pyrolysis effluent and a first quench medium to produce a first quenched effluent. A bottoms stream that can include tar and an overhead stream that can include ethylene and propylene can be obtained from the first quenched effluent. The first quench medium can include a first portion of the bottoms stream that can include a first portion of the tar. In certain embodiments, the process can also include hydroprocessing a second portion of the bottoms stream that can include a second portion of the tar to produce a hydroprocessed product. A hydroprocessed bottoms stream can be obtained from the hydroprocessed product. In certain embodiments, the process can also include contacting at least a portion of the hydroprocessed bottoms stream and the first portion of the bottoms stream to produce the first quench medium.

Abstract: Described herein are novel and inventive dewaxing processes that employ dewaxing catalysts which are co-extrusions of two different zeolites, particularly two different 10MR zeolites or a co-extrusion of a 10MR zeolite and a 12MR zeolite in combination with a hydrogenation component. The hydrogenation component can be a mixture of non-noble metal components or a mixture of noble metal components. This novel and inventive process demonstrated a significant activity boost (as measured by increased cloud point reduction) and/or selectivity boost (as measured by reduced diesel loss) compared to either single zeolite component.

Abstract: A pyrolysis oil fractionation system for treating a pyrolysis oil feed includes a fractionation column, at least one treatment catalyst bed, and a plurality of distillation trays. The system further includes a condenser to receive a light fraction and produce a condensed gasoline product and a vapor, a receiver coupled to the condenser, a knockout drum, and a distillate stripper coupled to the fractionation column. A method for treating a pyrolysis oil feed includes, in a fractionating column, dehydrohalogenating, decontaminating, and/or dehydrating a pyrolysis oil feed in at least one treatment catalyst bed, and distilling the treated pyrolysis oil feed into a light fraction, a middle fraction, a heavy fraction, and a bottom fraction. The method further includes condensing the light fraction and producing a condensed gasoline product and a vapor, separating a fuel gas product from the vapor, and stripping the middle fraction to produce a distillate product.

Abstract: A method for making a metal carbide based catalyst for crude oil cracking includes mixing a clay with a phosphorous based stabilizer material to obtain a liquid slurry; adding an aluminosilicate zeolite and an ultrastable Y zeolite to the liquid slurry; adding Al2Cl(OH)5 to the liquid slurry; adding metal carbide particles, having a given diameter, to the liquid slurry to obtain a mixture; and spray drying the mixture to obtain the metal carbide based catalyst. The metal carbide particles are coated with the aluminosilicate zeolite and the ultrastable Y zeolite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to debottleneck solution for delayed Coker unit. More particularly, this invention relates to bottoms of vacuum residuum routed to Coker unit through de-asphalting unit to avoid revamp of existing Coker for the processing of heavier feed stock when there is a change in crude slate. Another object of the invention, in particular, relates to improved delayed coking products, a process used in petroleum refineries to crack petroleum residue, thus converting it into gaseous and liquid product streams and leaving behind solid, carbonaceous petroleum coke.

Abstract: Selective recovery of C2 to C4 hydrocarbons is achieved through the use of a converging-diverging nozzle, or de Laval nozzle. The vapor stream comprising C2 to C4 hydrocarbons is fed into an inlet of a de Laval nozzle having a throat. The vapor stream may have an initial temperature of between 0° C. and 100° C., and an initial pressure of between 200 psig and 500 psig. In the de Laval nozzle, the vapor stream expands after passing through the throat of the de Laval nozzle, producing a vapor stream having reduced temperature and pressure. Then, C2 to C4 hydrocarbons condense from the reduced-temperature vapor stream as liquid droplets, which may be recovered. Fractionation of C2 to C4 hydrocarbons by means of a de Laval nozzle is possible; the technique allows selective recovery of propane from a mixture of propane and ethane.