Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods and pharmaceutical compositions for reducing the serum level of immunoglobulin IgE in an animal or human subject. It has been found that reducing or inhibiting the activity of the cannabinoid receptor CB2 leads to an increase in IgE in serum levels. Conversely, activation of the CB2 receptor by an agonist results in a reduction in IgE serum levels. The compositions and methods of the disclosure, therefore, provide a means to reduce or eliminate symptoms of immune system-related conditions resulting from IgE generation, such as an allergy, hay fever, and the like.

Abstract: The present invention provides for methods and compositions for treating medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency. It is based, at least in part, on the discovery that phenylbutyrate can serve as a substrate for medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase. In non-limiting embodiments, phenylbutyrate and/or another source of phenylacetate is administered as a chaperone treatment to patients suffering from medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an amorphous solid dispersion comprising a tetrazole derivative of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient. The solid dispersion of the present invention comprises a water-soluble polymer or an acid so as to improve the solubility of its active ingredient, i.e., the tetrazole derivative of the formula (I), thereby improving its absorption rate, and thus can be effectively used to reduce multi-drug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells.

Abstract: A method of treating an Hepatitis C Virus infection in a patient, comprising providing a therapeutically effective amount, to a patient in need thereof, of a compound of Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein: G1 is a group of the formula or where n is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 and Het is a 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl group containing 1 to 4 heteroatoms independently chosen from N, O, and S, which Het is optionally substituted.

Abstract: An agent induces heat shock protein in human and animal cells. The agent includes at least one phenol compound that is a cinnamic acid derivative and at least one nonionic surfactant. The agent is useful in cosmetic preparations, food supplements and foodstuffs.

Abstract: Sodium channel blockers represented by the formula: are provided where the structural variables are defined herein. The invention also includes a variety of compositions, combinations and methods of treatment using these inventive sodium channel blockers.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of treating Tourette's Disorder (TD) using GABA ergic drugs that elevate the amount of stored presynaptic GABA and do not significantly increase GABA tone (a continuous background level of GABA signaling) in the brain. The administration of vigabatrin and/or (1S,3S)-3-amino-4-difluoromethylenyl-1-cyclopentanoic acid hydrochloride salt is expressly contemplated.

Abstract: Photosensitive compounds for use in a method of treating a disease or condition are described. The photosensitive compounds have the formula R—Y, wherein R is a ruthenium complex and Y is at least one sulphur-containing photoreleasable group, and the compounds comprise at least one ruthenium-sulphur bond; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, ester or amide, such that upon influence of visible or near infra-red light (400-1400 nm) in vivo, said at least one ruthenium-sulphur bond is broken, thereby generating a pharmacologically active compound.

Abstract: The specification provides compositions and methods to treat neurodegenerative diseases.

Abstract: A compound represented by the following General Formula (I): where, in General Formula (I), R1 and R2 each represent an alkyl group which may have a substituent, R3 represents the following General Formula (II) or (III), and R1 and R2 may be identical or different, where, in General Formulas (II) and (III), X represents a hydrogen atom or a halogen atom, R4 represents a methyl group, a dimethyl group or an oxygen atom, and * represents a binding position.

Abstract: According to the embodiments described herein, a SUMOylation inhibitor compound comprising a singleton scaffold is provided. In some embodiments, a method for inhibiting a SUMOylation enzyme in a cell is provided. Such a method may include administering a SUMOylation inhibitor compound to the cell. In some aspects, the SUMOylation enzyme is SUMO E1 or SUMO E2. In some aspects, the method may be used to inhibit a cancer cell in vitro (e.g., grown in culture) or in vivo (e.g., as part of a tumor in a subject). In other embodiments, a method for treating a cancer, degenerative diseases and viral infection is provided. Such a method may include administering an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition to a subject having the cancer. The pharmaceutical composition may include a singleton SUMOylation inhibitor compound.

Abstract: One aspect of the invention relates to caffeine-containing compositions comprising caffeine and one or more esters. The caffeine-containing compositions disclosed herein can be used for effective transdermal delivery of caffeine to a subject. Another aspect of the invention relates to applications and preparations of the caffeine-containing compositions.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions for isolating populations of nucleic acids from biological, forensic, and environmental samples. Also disclosed are methods for using these compositions as one-step formations for killing pathogens, inactivating nucleases, and releasing polynucleotides from other cellular components within the sample, and stabilizing the nucleic acids prior to further processing or assay. The disclosed compositions safely facilitate rapid sample collection, and provide extended storage and transport of the samples at ambient or elevated temperature without contamination of the sample or degradation of the nucleic acids contained therein. This process particularly facilitates the collection of specimens from remote locations, and under conditions previously considered hostile for presenting the integrity of nucleic acids released from lysed biological samples without the need of refrigeration or freezing prior to molecular analysis.

Abstract: A solid oral controlled-release dosage form of hydrocodone is disclosed, the dosage form comprising an analgesically effective amount of hydrocodone or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and controlled release material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of treating chronic myelogenous leukemia in a subject comprising administering to the subject a compound, such as N-methyl-2-[3-((E)-2-pyridin-2-yl-vinyl)-1H-indazol-6-ylsulfanyl]-benzamide, that inhibits the T315I mutation in BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound such as N-methyl-2-[3-((E)-2-pyridin-2-yl-vinyl)-1H-indazol-6-ylsulfanyl]-benzamide, that inhibits the T315I mutation in BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or diluent.

Abstract: This method outlines a process which a patient may follow to find a rapid, safe and effective treatment for the common problem of premature ejaculation. The method progresses through three stages including clinical history, diagnostic testing, and treatment. Treatment of primary premature ejaculation includes assessing the condition of the male to establish that the male has primary premature ejaculation as opposed to secondary premature ejaculation and, if the male is diagnosed as having primary premature ejaculation, identifying a treatment protocol that progresses to a safest and most effective methodology in a shortest number of steps.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of treating cancer in a human in need thereof by determining the presence or absence of a detectable amount of a gene product of the Neurofibromin-2 (NF2) gene in a sample from the human, and administering to the human an effective amount of a focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, if no gene product or no isoform 1 gene product is detected. This invention also relates to a method of treating cancer in a human in need thereof, comprising determining the presence or absence of a detectable amount of a functional isoform 1 protein of the NF2 gene, or a functional fragment thereof, in a sample from the human, and administering to the human an effective amount of a focal adhesion kinase (FAK) inhibitor, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, if no gene product or no isoform 1 gene product is detected.

Abstract: Described herein are methods for using compounds that activate pyruvate kinase.

Abstract: Nitro oleic acid and related metabolites are agonists of PPAR-?. Surprisingly, nitro oleic acid is a more potent agonist of PPAR-?, relative to nitro linoleic acid. Thus, nitro oleic acid and its metabolites, as well as their pharmaceutically acceptable salts and prodrug forms, are candidate therapeutics for the treatment of type-2 diabetes, which results from insulin resistance accompanying the improper functioning of PPAR-?.

Abstract: The present invention relates to Rifaximin amorphous forms, to their use in medicinal preparations and to therapeutic methods using them.