Abstract: Specific embodiments of the present invention provide a hydrocracking process for converting low value-added heavy hydrocarbon distillates into high value-added hydrocarbon distillates using a supercritical solvent as a medium.

Abstract: A system and process for upgrading a whole crude oil feed in an integrated ebullated-bed and hydrotreater is provided in which the whole crude oil is flashed into a flashed straight run distillates fraction and an atmospheric residue fraction. The atmospheric residue fraction is hydroprocessed in an ebullated-bed reaction zone, while the flashed straight run distillates fraction and the products fraction produced from the ebullated-bed reaction zone are hydrotreated in a fixed-bed reaction zone. Distillates from the hydrotreater and the unconverted residue fraction from the ebullated-bed reaction zone can be combined to produce an upgraded synthetic crude oil.

Abstract: A process for the production of middle distillates from a paraffinic feedstock produced by Fischer-Tropsch synthesis comprising a limited content of molecules containing at least one oxygen atom. In the process, the feedstock is subjected to at least one hydrocracking/hydroisomerization stage in the presence of a hydrogen stream also containing a limited atomic oxygen content.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a lubricant composition for a process for reducing the paraffin content of mineral oil compositions, by providing a mineral oil composition with a dewaxing aid, cooling to form a paraffin precipitate and at least partly removing the paraffin precipitate formed. The dewaxing aid used is a copolymer mixture comprising at least three copolymers, the copolymers differing in the composition of the repeat units.

Abstract: Methods and fuel processing apparatuses for upgrading a pyrolysis oil stream and a hydrocarbon stream are provided herein. In an embodiment, a method for upgrading a pyrolysis oil stream and a hydrocarbon stream includes providing a pyrolysis oil stream and providing a hydrocarbon stream separate from the pyrolysis oil stream. The pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream are mixed in a mixing zone and in the absence of a particulate cracking catalyst. The pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream are introduced in a substantially common direction into the mixing zone to form a mixture of the pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream. The mixture of the pyrolysis oil stream and the hydrocarbon stream are catalytically cracked in the presence of the particulate cracking catalyst.

Abstract: Embodiments of apparatuses and methods for treating mercaptans are provided. In one example, an apparatus comprises a vessel capable of receiving a feed stream that comprises liquid hydrocarbons and the mercaptans. The vessel comprises an extraction section that is capable of extracting a portion of the mercaptans from the feed stream to form a mercaptan-reduced, liquid hydrocarbon-containing stream. A catalyst bed section is capable of contacting the mercaptan-reduced, liquid hydrocarbon-containing stream with a catalyst in the presence of oxygen (O2) and caustic at reaction conditions effective to oxidize a remaining portion of the mercaptans and form a sweetened liquid hydrocarbon-containing stream.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are scavenging compounds and compositions useful in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas. Also disclosed herein are methods of using the compounds and compositions as scavengers, particularly in applications relating to the production, transportation, storage, and separation of crude oil and natural gas.

Abstract: A hydroconversion process is disclosed, including contacting of hydrogen and a residuum hydrocarbon with a pre-conditioned and at least partially sulfided hydroconversion catalyst for converting at least a portion of the residuum hydrocarbon into at least one of a hydrotreated product and a hydrocracked product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for extracting bitumen from an oil sand stream, the method including at least the steps of: (a) providing an oil sand stream; (b) contacting the oil sand stream with a liquid comprising a non-aqueous solvent thereby obtaining a solvent-diluted oil sand slurry; (c) screening the solvent-diluted oil sand slurry thereby obtaining a screened oil sand slurry and a rejects stream; (d) introducing the rejects stream into a liquid bath; (e) transporting the rejects stream through the liquid bath to a space above the surface of the liquid bath; and (f) extracting bitumen from the screened oil sand slurry obtained in step (c).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for making a catalyst for hydroprocessing a carbonaceous feedstock under hydroprocessing conditions, and the use of that catalyst. More particularly, the present invention is directed to methods for inhibiting rapid decomposition of ammonium nitrate during calcination of the catalyst following metal impregnation, wherein ammonium nitrate is formed when a nitrate-containing composition and an ammonium-containing component is used in the deposition of metal onto the catalyst.

Abstract: The physical and chemical properties of heavy and extra-heavy crudes are improved by a procedure that uses a homogeneous type catalyst and involves the stages: 1. separation and removal of the water fraction that is contained in the hydrocarbons, 2. catalyst injection and activation of the reaction system, 3. elimination of gaseous hydrocarbons and recovery of the partial pressure of hydrogen at different times, 4. reaction and 5. recovery of distillated products.

Abstract: Process of extracting sulphur-containing compounds from a hydrocarbon cut of the gasoline or LPG type by liquid-liquid extraction with a soda solution employing a unit (2) for pretreatment of the feedstock to be treated placed upstream of the extraction unit (4), the soda being introduced into the extraction column (4) in the form of two circuits operating either in parallel, or in series.

Abstract: A bitumen stream is upgraded by heating to near-critical or super-critical conditions in the stream. The bitumen stream may be from a water-based extraction process, an in situ bitumen recovery process, or a solvent-based bitumen extraction process. To achieve an appropriate feed stream composition, water and/or clay may be added. The clay offers a catalytic effect. To achieve an appropriate feed stream composition, water may alternatively be removed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are provided for processing hydrocarbon feeds. The method enhances the conversion of hydrocarbon feeds into ethylene. In particular, the present techniques expose feed containing hydrocarbons to high-severity operating conditions in a pyrolysis reactor and separate the reactor product from the reactor into a first product having hydrogen and a second product including ?90 mole percent of the acetylene in the reactor product. Then, the second product is reacted with a catalyst in a converter to form ethylene.

Abstract: A system for desalting a crude oil stream includes an elongated, vertically oriented vessel that has an interior piping structure arranged concentric to the vessel. The piping structure, which may have more than one level, has a plurality of spray nozzles oriented at a downward angle for atomizing wash water into a downward flowing crude oil stream. The spray nozzles may be located on a same side or opposite sides of the piping structure. Where multiple levels are used, the number of spray nozzles on each level may be the same as or different than the number of spray nozzles on other levels. The pressure drop through each spray nozzle is preferably no greater than 300 psi and the nozzles preferably deliver a dilution water droplet preferably no larger than 300 microns in diameter. A mixing valve, static mixer, or both can be placed downstream of the vessel.

Abstract: Treatment compositions for neutralizing acidic species and reducing hydrochloride and amine salts in a fluid hydrocarbon stream are disclosed. The treatment compositions may comprise at least one amine with a salt precipitation potential index of equal to or less than about 1.0. Methods for neutralizing acidic species and reducing deposits of hydrochloride and amine salts in a hydrocarbon refining process are also disclosed. The methods may comprise providing a fluid hydrocarbon stream and adding a treatment composition to the fluid hydrocarbon stream. The treatment compositions used may have a salt precipitation potential index of equal to or less than about 1.0 and comprise either water-soluble or oil-soluble amines.

Abstract: A process for stabilization of heavy hydrocarbons to reduce sludge formation in storage tanks and/or transportation lines and to enhance the hydrocarbon yield includes mixing a paraffinic or heavy naphtha solvent having carbon numbers in the range 10 to 20 with the feedstock to solvent-flocculate a relatively small, predetermined portion of asphaltenes present in the feedstock, separating and flashing the sediment to recover a light hydrocarbon fraction, flashing the heavy hydrocarbon/solvent phase and recycling the solvent to stabilize the heavy hydrocarbons without significantly affecting the yield of valuable products.

Abstract: A method to generate cyclic hydrocarbons from farnesene to increase both the density and net heat of combustion of the product fuels. The high density hydrocarbons produced by this method have applications for missile, UAV, jet, and diesel propulsion.

Abstract: A process for producing a caking additive for coke production, the process including a step of extracting a solvent deasphalted pitch that can be used as a caking additive for coke production from a residue containing at least one of an atmospheric residue obtained by atmospheric distillation of a crude oil and a vacuum residue obtained by atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation of a crude oil, wherein the extraction is performed using, as a solvent, a light reformate obtained by catalytic reforming a naphtha fraction that is fractionated from a crude oil by atmospheric distillation of the crude oil.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing a hydrocarbon oil, including performing a hydrocracking by continuously feeding, to a hydrocracking reactor containing a hydrocracking catalyst, a wax to be processed including: a raw wax containing 70% by mass or more of straight-chain hydrocarbons with a boiling point of higher than 360° C; and an uncracked wax containing 70% by mass or more of straight-chain hydrocarbons with a boiling point of higher than 360° C, which uncracked wax is separated from a hydrocracking product discharged from the reactor, to thereby yield a hydrocarbon oil including hydrocarbons with a boiling point of 360° C or lower.