Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and a device for fluorescence measurement of oil residues in water. The core of the invention is to use a powerful, narrow-band excimer lamp to excite intensive fluorescence radiation to detect the latter with a photodiode or the like, and to determine the oil concentration therefrom. The excimer lamp can be designed as a flat radiator a hollow cylindrical inner radiator or a tubular radiator, and can be combined with a through-flow or free fall measuring cell. The excimer lamp is advantageously operated in a pulsed or modulated fashion, the fluorescence radiation is measured at a right angle to the exciting radiation, the emitted and/or transmitted exciting light is monitored with the detectors, and a redundant measuring arrangement with a plurality of excimer lamps and fluorescence detectors is provided. The sensor is distinguished by reliability, freedom from maintenance and a long service life.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an infrared detector element to detect infrared rays by means of a pyroelectric material, and an infrared sensor unit and an infrared detecting device using the infrared detector element and has an object of realizing an omnidirectional infrared detector element that can gain an output against an object to be detected moving in whatever directions.

Abstract: A nuclear medicine imaging system includes the capability to correct for the deadtime, including the capability to correct for spatial variations in deadtime across the imaging surface of a detector. The imaging system includes one or more radiation detectors, each using a large, monolithic scintillation crystal. Each detector has deadtime associated with it. A given detector is used to acquire an energy profile of a patient based on emission radiation. The detector includes a number of timing channels. The energy profile is used to select a zone influence map indicating the extent of spatial overlap in response between the various timing channels. Emission data of the patient is then acquired during an emission scan. During acquisition of the emission data, a rate meter assigned to each timing channel samples the number of counts associated with each timing channel to acquire deadtime data.

Abstract: An optical detection and orientation device is provided comprising housing having an excitation light source, an optical element for reflecting the excitation light to an aspherical lens and transmitting light emitted by a fluorophore excited by said excitation light, a focussing lens for focusing the emitted light onto the entry of an optical fiber, which serves as a confocal aperture, and means for accurately moving said housing over a small area in relation to a channel in a microfluidic device. The optical detection and orientation device finds use in identifying the center of the channel and detecting fluorophores in the channel during operations involving fluorescent signals.

Abstract: A method for simultaneous transmission x-ray computed tomography (CT) and single photon emission tomography (SPECT) comprises the steps of: injecting a subject with a tracer compound tagged with a &ggr;-ray emitting nuclide; directing an x-ray source toward the subject; rotating the x-ray source around the subject; emitting x-rays during the rotating step; rotating a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) two-sided detector on an opposite side of the subject from the source; simultaneously detecting the position and energy of each pulsed x-ray and each emitted &ggr;-ray captured by the CZT detector; recording data for each position and each energy of each the captured x-ray and &ggr;-ray; and, creating CT and SPECT images from the recorded data. The transmitted energy levels of the x-rays lower are biased lower than energy levels of the &ggr;-rays. The x-ray source is operated in a continuous mode. The method can be implemented at ambient temperatures.

Abstract: There is provided a radiation detector capable of discriminating a kind of rays in radiation. The radiation detector includes a scintillator and a discriminator. The scintillator scintillates depending on the type of radiation and generates a first output signal and second output signals after the first output signal. The second output signals vary the signal pattern thereof with a kind of rays in radiation. The discriminator discriminates a kind of rays in radiation based on the first signal and the second signals. The scintillator has multiple scintillation characteristics, and includes Gd2O2S (GOS) or Y2O2S (YOS), for example.

Abstract: A MicroOptoElectroMechanical (MOEM) IR detector utilizes a novel combination of integrated MEMS and photonics to achieve high responsivity with low noise. Increasing incident radiant energy bends a bimaterial arm that moves a coupling waveguide into the evanescent field of a principal optical waveguide. This, in turn, modulates the light in the principal waveguide. This device has high detection sensitivity to incident radiation due to the combination of the length of the lever arm and the sensitivity of the evanescent field. The device exhibits low noise because photons are being modulated instead of electrons.

Abstract: A radiation detection method and apparatus for detection of radiation in a small, portable, relatively inexpensive device. A radiation sensitive memory device and a radiation hardened memory device receive digital data from a digital data generator such as a pseudo-random word generator. The radiation sensitive memory device outputs an exposed digital data stream which, while stored in the radiation sensitive memory device, is susceptible to radiation incident upon the radiation sensitive memory device. The radiation hardened memory device is much less sensitive to radiation than the radiation sensitive memory device such that the test digital data stream output by the radiation hardened memory device is much less effected by radiation than the exposed digital data stream. The exposed digital data stream and the test digital data stream are compared to determine whether the exposed digital data stream was exposed to radiation while stored in the radiation sensitive memory device.

Abstract: Gamma-camera coincidence (GCC) imaging systems and methods include a pair of gamma camera imaging heads rotatable about a patient-longitudinal imaging axis. The imaging heads will each have a plurality of radiation opaque septa plates extending transversely relative to the imaging axis about which they locate. Adjacent ones of the septa plates are spaced apart along said imaging axis. At least one point source of radiation will thus be positionally fixed between a predetermined adjacent pair of the septa plates of one of the imaging heads so as to be concurrently rotatable therewith.

Abstract: An optical system for the tracking or verification of items, having an energy source (e.g., an illumination source), selectively producing a specific wavelength (or small set of wavelengths, such as a spectrum) of energy matched with a material sensitive to that illumination. When the material is subjected to the energy source, it emits a wavelength of energy which is then sensed by a detector.

Abstract: A single pass scanner having a trilinear array, a source of white light, filters of the three primary colors and a separate source of infrared light is used in various methods of removing medium-based defects from a scanned film image. The method generates an infrared channel in addition to the common visible channels by covering the parallel rows of sensors in the trilinear array respectively with a red, green and blue filter to create the three color channels. Normally, each of the three color filters also passes infrared light, which is removed by filters external to the sensors. In a specific embodiment, interstitial in time between two visible light scans, the sensor is exposed to infrared light for a single scan. As the trilinear array sweeps across an image in time and spatial synchronization with the exposing lights, at least two visible channels and an infrared channel are generated.

Abstract: A stimulable phosphor sheet for a radiation image recording and reproducing method comprising the steps of recording a radiation image as a latent image, irradiating the latent image with stimulating rays to release stimulated emission, and electrically processing the emission to reproduce the radiation image, is preferably composed of a stimulable phosphor-containing grid partition that contains a stimulable phosphor, a UV or visible light-emitting phosphor, or a reflective material and two-dimensionally divides the phosphor sheet on its plane to give plural small rectangular sections, and stimulable phosphor-incorporated areas which are rectangularly sectioned with the grid partition and which have a reflectance at the wavelength of the stimulating rays which differs from that of the grid partition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device (10,60) for reading out information stored in a phosphor carrier (15) and to an X-ray cassette (70) which contains the phosphor carrier (15) and such a device. The inventive device (10,60) has a radiation source (11;20, . . . ,29,30 . . . 39; 50,53;61) that can emit a first radiation source (16) with which the phosphor carrier (15) can be exited such that the carrier emits a second radiation (17). This second radiation (17) comprises an image of the information stored in the phosphor carrier (15). The device (10,60) additionally has a receiving means (12,62) which contains a number of point elements (PD1, . . . PDn) in order to receive the second radiation (17) emitted from the phosphor carrier (15) in a point-by-point manner. The second radiation of a point of the phosphor carrier (15) can thus be received by each one of the point elements (PD1, . . . ,PDn).

Abstract: A multiple-gain, hand-held, near-infrared grain analyzer analyzes, e.g., protein content of grain by infrared transmittance and interactance (transflectance) has at least two gain values. A first gain value is used when calibrating the analyzer with an empty analysis chamber (empty except for the presence of air), and a second, higher gain value is used when analyzing grain samples.

Abstract: A scintillation camera crystal includes a plurality of light scattering holes in the crystal extending toward the photosensor and communicating with at least one surface of the crystal, the crystal is formed from a first material and the holes include a second material differing from the first material for deflecting the light generated by the scintillation crystal in response to incident gamma rays and reducing the spread of the generated light.

Abstract: A device for the high-speed analysis of photon- or particle-generated image data or for the high-speed energy-discrimination analysis of photon- or particle-counting data. The device uses a sensor that collects the photons or particles on an array of solid state detectors, as electrical analog signals, and stores the analog-signal information on capacitors of readout arrays associated with the detector arrays. Integration of the photon or particle flux signals on the readout arrays proceeds for a given time frame and then image-related signals are transferred to an analog correction processor. The analog correction processor is comprised of one or more integrated circuit chips where each chip contains an array of correction processor unit cells. In these unit cells signals are corrected, in parallel, for gain and offset nonuniformities in the detection and processing chain. Corrections to all the signals are made in a time frame or less and the information is then transferred to an analog image processor.

Abstract: An automatic calibration method is provided for calibrating a radiation detection system for processing counts from a known radiation source. A probe is positioned near the radiation source, which may be the surgical injection site of a radionucleide. A control unit generates audible and/or visual feedback signals to cue the operator as to where to position the probe relative to the radiation source, in order to obtain a pulse frequency (count rate) in an optimal range for processing. The control unit then automatically identifies a probe output corresponding to a peak energy level and calibrates the system to that peak. Once calibrated, the system may set an energy acceptance window having a mathematical relationship to the peak energy level, whereby the radiation detection system thereinafter processes only counts corresponding to energy levels falling within the energy acceptance window.

Abstract: The present invention related generally to bulk material analyzers suitable for the direct on-line analysis of materials such as coal and minerals. It is targeted particularly at direct on-conveyor belt analysis. It includes: a shielded enclosure defining an analysis zone within it and having a passageway through it to allow transport of bulk material through the analysis zone. At least one neutron source (1,4) and at least two gamma ray detectors (3,5) are disposed within the enclosure to measure gamma-rays produced in the bulk material by both the neutron inelastic scatter and thermal neutron capture processes. A neutron source and a gamma-ray detector are arranged in either a transmission or backscatter geometry. A second gamma-ray detector is arranged either in a transmission or backscatter geometry with or without using a second neutron source.

Abstract: Apparatus for collimating particle emanations, whether photons or material particles, comprises a collimator plate and a motion means. The collimator plate is made of an attenuating material capable of attenuating the particle emanations. The collimator has a plurality of apertures of defined cross-sectional diameter, cross-sectional shape and three-dimensional distribution which restricts the emanations to pass through the plate in a plurality of defined collimated beams. The motion means moves the collimator to enable the plurality of collimated beams to form a defined combined beam having a preselected cross-sectional distribution of flux, when averaged over a specified time. The resolution of the collimator is essentially the cross-sectional diameter of the apertures, which is limited only by technical manufacturing capabilities.

Abstract: Wafer-fused semiconductor radiation detector useful for gamma-ray and x-ray spectrometers and imaging systems. The detector is fabricated using wafer fusion to insert an electrically conductive grid, typically comprising a metal, between two solid semiconductor pieces, one having a cathode (negative electrode) and the other having an anode (positive electrode). The wafer fused semiconductor radiation detector functions like the commonly used Frisch grid radiation detector, in which an electrically conductive grid is inserted in high vacuum between the cathode and the anode. The wafer-fused semiconductor radiation detector can be fabricated using the same or two different semiconductor materials of different sizes and of the same or different thicknesses; and it may utilize a wide range of metals, or other electrically conducting materials, to form the grid, to optimize the detector performance, without being constrained by structural dissimilarity of the individual parts.