Abstract: Methods of microscopic imaging of biological tissue using adaptive optics technology to improve the image focus and sharpness. Wavefront measurements are taken by using a novel method of seeding biological tissue by using a fluorescent microsphere as a “guide star” as a natural point-source reference. The current methods are capable of improving the Strehl ratio of modern biological microscopes as much as 15 times.

Abstract: The present invention discloses microwave resonant absorption (MRA) of viruses through dipolar coupling to viral confined acoustic modes. The unique geometrical and mechanical properties of viruses can be reflected by the MRA frequencies, MRA linewidth, and the absorption selection rules of high-order acoustic modes. Combined these spectral characteristics with the mature microwave technology, this invention provides a novel physical mechanism to develop non-affinity-based rapid detection and identification of viruses. It can be applied in preliminary characterization on unknown or mutant viruses.

Abstract: The invention relates to a microelectronic sensor device for the examination of target particles (1) that are bound to binding sites (3) at the binding surface (12) of a carrier (11). In a preferred embodiment, an input light beam (L1) is transmitted into the carrier (11), where a frustrated total internal reflection (FTIR) takes place at the binding surface (12). The amount of light in a resulting output light beam (L2) is detected by a light detector (31) and provides information about the presence of target particles at the binding surface. Moreover, an actuation unit (50) induces movements of the bound target particles (1) by an interaction with a magnetic field (B) or an electric field, particularly with a given modulation frequency (COIn), such that by a demodulation of the detector signal (S) effects of the target particles can be distinguished from background.

Abstract: Systems, devices, and methods for accurately imaging chemiluminescence and other luminescence are disclosed. A compact, flat-bed scanner having a light-tight enclosure, one or more detector bars of linear charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) imaging chips, and high working numerical aperture (NA) optics scans closely over a sample in one direction and then the opposite direction. Averages or other combinations of intensity readings for each pixel location (x, y) between the two or more passes are averaged together in order to compensate for luminescence that varies over time. On-chip pixel binning and multiple clock frequencies can be used to maximize the signal to noise ratio in a CCD-based scanner.

Abstract: Methods for identifying a biological particle in a sample medium include generating an Electrophoretic Quasi-elastic Light Scattering (EQELS) spectrum for the biological particle in the sample medium. The EQELS spectrum is compared to a reference database comprising a plurality of spectra, and each of the plurality of spectra correspond to an EQELS spectrum for one of a plurality of known biological particles. The biological particle in the sample medium is identified from the comparison.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods, systems, and apparatuses for the free solution measurement of molecular interactions by backscattering interferometry (BSI). Molecular interaction can be detected between analytes in free-solution wherein at least one of the analytes is label-free and detection is performed by back-scattering interferometry. Further, molecular interaction can be detected between analytes in free-solution, wherein at least one of the analytes is label-free, wherein one of the analytes is present in a concentration of less than about 5.0×10?7M. Also disclosed are label-free, free-solution, and/or real-time measurements of characteristic properties and/or chemical events using the disclosed techniques. The disclosed methods can have very low detection limits and/or very low sample volume requirements. Also disclosed are various biosensor applications of the disclosed techniques.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and device for detecting and quantifying the concentration of magnetic-responsive micro-beads dispersed in a liquid sample. Also provided is a method and microfluidic immunoassay pScreen™ device for detecting and quantifying the concentration of an analyte in a sample medium by using antigen-specific antibody-coated magnetic-responsive micro-beads. The methods and devices of the present invention have broad applications for point-of-care diagnostics by allowing quantification of a large variety of analytes, such as proteins, protein fragments, antigens, antibodies, antibody fragments, peptides, RNA, RNA fragments, functionalized magnetic micro-beads specific to CD4+, CD8+ cells, malaria-infected red blood cells, cancer cells, cancer biomarkers such as prostate specific antigen and other cancer biomarkers, viruses, bacteria, and other pathogenic agents, with the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of bench-top laboratory-based assays.

Abstract: Provided is a lab-on-a-chip. The lab-on-a-chip includes a first region where a lower substrate and an upper substrate are bonded to each other, a second region where the lower and upper substrates are not bonded, and a gap adjusting member disposed at an end of the second region that is opposite to a boundary between the first and second regions, the gap adjusting member being configured to adjust a gap between the first and second substrates to control a capillary force.

Abstract: The present invention provides an immunoassay analyzer capable of discriminating between normal coloring due to a specific immunoreaction and abnormal coloring due to a cause other than the specific immunoreaction in a measurement region of a sample analysis tool. An immunoassay analyzer 1 of the present invention includes an optical detection unit 4 and a determination unit 5. The optical detection unit 4 includes an optical signal measurement unit for measuring an optical signal at each of two or more different wavelengths including a main wavelength for detecting color change due to the specific immunoreaction and a sub-wavelength(s) other than the main wavelength. The determination unit 5 includes a discrimination unit for comparing the respective optical signals at the two or more different wavelengths and discriminating between the color change due to the specific immunoreaction and color change due to a cause other than the specific immunoreaction based on a comparison criterion determined previously.

Abstract: A magnetic sensor for identifying small magnetic particles bound to a substrate includes a regular, planar orthogonal array of MTJ cells formed within or beneath that substrate. Each MTJ cell has a high aspect ratio and positions of stable magnetic equilibrium along an easy magnetic axis and positions of unstable magnetic equilibrium along a hard magnetic axis. By initializing the magnetizations of each MTJ cell in its unstable hard-axis position, the presence of even a small magnetic particle can exert a sufficient perturbative strayfield to tip the magnetization to its stable position. The magnetization change in an MTJ cell can be measured after each of two successive opposite polarity magnetizations of a bound particle and the presence of the particle thereby detected.

Abstract: Provided is a biochip and an apparatus for detecting a biomaterial. The biochip includes a metal thin film on the surface of a substrate, restraining autofluorescence of the substrate, and a spacer on the metal thin film, having capture molecules immobilized on the surface of the spacer and specifically bound to target molecules. The spacer has a thickness controlled to enhance the strength of a fluorescence signal emitted from a fluorophore labeled with the target molecules and immobilized on the spacer by the specific binding between the capture molecule and the target molecule.

Abstract: A method including: providing a sample with M components to be labeled, where M>2; labeling the components with N stains, where N<M so that at least two components are labeled with a common stain; obtaining a set of spectral images of the sample; classifying different parts of the sample into respective classes that distinguish the commonly stained components based on the set of spectral images; and determining relative amounts of multiple ones of the M components in different regions of the sample. Related apparatus are also disclosed.

Abstract: The invention provides a method of processing a biological and/or chemical sample. The method includes providing a fluid droplet, which includes an inner phase and an outer phase. The outer phase is immiscible with the inner phase, and the outer phase is surrounding the inner phase. The inner phase includes the biological and/or chemical sample. The fluid droplet furthermore comprises magnetically attractable matter. The method also includes providing at least one surface, which is of such a texture and such a wettability for the fluid of the inner phase of the fluid droplet, that the fluid droplet remains intact upon being contacted therewith. The method further includes disposing the fluid droplet onto the at least one surface. The method also includes performing a process on the biological and/or chemical sample in the fluid droplet.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for fabricating a pattern on a biosensor substrate and a biosensor using the same. The present invention provides a method of fabricating a pattern on a substrate of a biosensor in which an amine group is formed on a substrate by using polyethylenimine (PEI), and a site to which a biosubstance is immobilized is masked and irradiated with ultraviolet rays, such that a pattern having a desired shape can be formed on the substrate and a biosensor in which the biosubstance is immobilized on the pattern acquired by using the above-mentioned method.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for screening compounds to identify compounds that bind to a specific target, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a target immobilized to a solid support; (b) generating a first NMR spectrum of the said compounds to be screened in the presence of the solid support without the target molecule immobilized thereto; (c) generating a second NMR spectrum of the said compounds to be screened in the presence of the solid support with the target molecule immobilized thereto; and (d) comparing said first and second NMR spectrum to determine differences between said first and second NMR spectrum. Further the invention relates to an NMR apparatus having arranged therein a particular NMR probe.

Abstract: After dropping a sample onto an immunochromatographic test strip, a change of absorbance at a first position on the immunochromatographic test strip is sensed by detecting reflected light while illuminating a measurement light on the first position, a change of absorbance at a second position at a downstream side of the first position on the immunochromatographic test strip is sensed by detecting reflected light while illuminating measurement light on the second position, and a coloration degree is corrected based on an elapsed time from the change of absorbance at the first position to the change of absorbance at the second position.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an in-vitro deposition evaluation method and an system for evaluating deposition of personal care compositions. The method comprises the steps of providing a microplate and at least one body that is capable of movement within the plurality of wells of the microplate. The method comprises the steps of providing a sample that comprises a personal care composition and depositing sufficient volume of sample to submerge a body within the wells of the microplate. The method comprises the steps of providing a skin mimic and contacting the skin mimic and the microplate such that the skin mimic is exposed to the sample and the body. The method comprises the steps of causing at least one body to move wherein a portion of the sample is transferred to the skin mimic and quantifying the amount of the sample that is transferred to the skin mimic.

Abstract: A method for detecting sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) includes acquiring a time sequence of a physiological signal from an individual, wherein the time sequence of the physiological signal includes a oscillatory pattern, computing an oscillatory interval signal using the time sequence of the physiological signal, decomposing the oscillatory interval signal into a plurality of ensemble empirical modes, selecting one of the plurality of ensemble empirical modes, calculating at least one of average amplitude or standard deviation of the instantaneous frequency in the selected ensemble empirical mode; and identifying SDB using at least one of the average amplitude or the standard deviation of the instantaneous frequency.