Abstract: The method makes possible the production of iron aluminide raw materials which consist of a Fe.sub.3 Al-base alloy containing 18-35% Al, 3-15% Cr, 0.2-0.5% B and/or C, and altogether 0-8% of the following alloying additives: Mo, Nb, Zr, Y and/or V, as well as iron as dominant remainder. In accordance with the invention additives are added to the melt of a known alloy, from which dispersed crystallites, dispersoids, are formed which thanks to good wettability become upon solidification, embedded in the monocrystalline phase. From the solid alloy, through hot rolling at a temperature between 650.degree. and 1000.degree. C., a fine grain structure may be generated.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a substrate includes:(1) lathing a substrate surface with a cutting fluid composition containing (A) an antioxidant, (B) a surfactant, (C) a lubricant, and (D) water;(2) rinsing the lathed substrate surface with high quality deionized water having a resistivity of at least 2M ohm-cm;(3) immersing the rinsed lathed substrate surface in a bath of high quality deionized water having a resistivity of at least 2M ohm-cm; and(4) removing the substrate from the bath of deionized water at a rate low enough to prevent water droplets from forming on the substrate.

Abstract: A process to prevent the formation of adhesives when annealing a steel band having a low carbon content uses an inert gas consisting of nitrogen and hydrogen and includes the phases of heating up, holding time and cooling. The process is characterized in that during the holding time, the steel band is coated by oxidation with a thin coating which is then completely removed by reduction during the cooling phase.

Abstract: Rapidly solidified aluminum base alloy is flow formed into tubes and tubular components using conventional flow forming equipment. A preform of preselected configuration and wall thickness for either forward or back spinning is fabricated. Flow forming is then carried out. The beginning of the flow forming step is offset by leaving undeformed a small section of the preform.

Abstract: In a method for the production of a switch diamond for switch rails and double crossovers with a switch diamond point out of carbon steel and connector rails, the switch diamond point is rolled and submitted to heat treatment, by which the switch diamond point is transformed over its total cross-section into a fine pearlite texture, whereby subsequently the switch diamond point is tempered and at least in the area where the wheels roll over, a material removing treatment for the removal of the wheel zone texture different from the fine pearlite texture is put underneath and afterwards the switch diamond point is welded to connector rails, so that the production of a switch diamond is simplified and heat treatment in a conventional apparatus is made possible.

Abstract: An aluminum alloy containing about 0.5 to 1.3% magnesium, about 0.4 to 1.2% silicon, about 0.6 to 1.2% copper, about 0.1 to 1% manganese, the balance substantially being aluminum along with impurities and incidental elements, is made into wrought wire, rod, bar or tube products by extrusion and cold working, preferably drawing, operations. The method includes extrusion within about 300.degree. or 400.degree. up to about 650.degree. or 700.degree. F. and even possibly up to 750.degree. or 800.degree. F. on a less preferred basis. Following extrusion, the product may be cold drawn either before or after, or both before and after, solution heat treatment and quenching. Rapid quenching is preferred. The product can then be artificially aged, for instance by heating to 375.degree. F. The resulting product has a fine grain size and consistent and good properties so as to be useful in a number of applications.

Abstract: A gold based jewelry alloy is disclosed of preferably the 10 to 18 karat range containing primarily gold, copper, zinc and silver. This alloy is formulated to create a unique color, a mid-range hue with a fresh, soft appearance that is very complimenting to a variety of skin tones and gem stones. Aside from characteristics of appearance, the alloy disclosed has an increased hardness over standard yellow alloys for longer wear and improved polish holding characteristics. The alloy disclosed has excellent castability and formability and responds well to typical jewelry manufacturing processes (i.e., tooling, stone setting, soldering, remelting, forging and plating). The alloy contains about 40% to about 76% gold, about 20% to about 52% copper, about 0% to about 12% zinc and about 0% to about 12% silver.

Abstract: Nickel base superalloys which contain niobium (columbium) to promote gamma double prime strengthening are improved by replacing the niobium with tantalum on an atom-for-atom basis and then heat treating the new alloy at temperatures in excess of those conventionally used for superalloys which include niobium. The resultant tantalum-bearing alloys are found to exhibit increased strength and greater phase stability than corresponding niobium-bearing alloys.

Abstract: A dental gold alloy which is soft enough for adjustment of a patient's occlusal condition, which is age-hardenable with passage of time at temperatures encountered within a patient's oral cavity, and which has a single phase structure which imparts improved corrosion resistance, the dental gold alloy consisting essentially of 82-67% by a weight of gold; 18-33% by weight of copper; and 2-8 at % of an age-hardening accelerator which is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of gallium, aluminum and zinc, wherein the dental gold alloy has been subjected to a solution treatment by heating at 670-700.degree. C. and quenching into water.

Abstract: An oil pump comprises a casing of aluminum alloy and at least one rotor housed therein. The rotor is produced by powder metallurgical with a rapidly solidified aluminum alloy comprising, by weight, of 5 to 25% of Si, up to 15% of one or more alloy elements selected from the group consisting of 3 to 10% of Fe, 3 to 10% of Ni and 1 to 8% of Cr, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The casing may be produced by powder metallurgy or ingot metallurgy with an aluminum alloy consisting essentially, by weight, of 5 to 25%, preferably 5 to 17%, of Si, 1 to 5% of Cu, 0.2 to 1.5% of Mg, 0.2 to 1% of Mn, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities. The rotor and casing are so combined that the sum of the Si content of said rapidly solidified aluminum alloy for casing and that of said rapidly solidified aluminum alloy for rotor being equal to or more than 15 percent by weight.

Abstract: A method for inhibiting the corrosion of metals exposed to aqueous mixtures of sulfuric acid and hydrocyanic acid by the use of iron salts.

Abstract: An electric contact material containing Li oxide of 0.01 to 2.0% by weight when represented in terms of the amount of Li, oxide of at least one rare earth element of 0.05 to 0.18% by weight when represented in terms of the amount of the rare earth element, and Ag or Ag alloy as the remaining portion; an electric contact material containing Li oxide of 0.01 to 2.0% by weight when represented in terms of the amount of Li, at least one rare earth element of 0.05 to 0.18% by weight when represented in terms of the amount of the rare earth element, at least one element selected from a group consisting of In, Sn, Zn, Mn, Pd, Sb, Cu, Mg, Pb, Cd, Cr and Bi by an amount of 0.1 to 1.0% by weight (however, in the case of Zn and Mn, the amount is set less than 0.5% by weight), and/or at least one element selected from a group consisting of Fe, Ni and Co by an amount of 0.03 to 0.6% by weight, and Ag as the remaining portion; and an electric contact formed by using the above material.

Abstract: An infrared radiation element and a process for producing the same. An aluminum alloy material consists essentially of 0.3 to 4.3 weight % of Mn, balance Al, and impurities. The alluminum alloy material is heated for dispersing a precipitate of an Al--Mn intermetallic compound at a density of at a minimum 1.times.10.sup.5 /mm.sup.3 for a size of 0.1 .mu.m to 3 .mu.m. The heated aluminum alloy material is anodized to form an anodic oxide layer thereon.

Abstract: A continuous condenser backflush system includes a hollow wand attached perpendicularly to a hollow shaft. The wand is moved in lateral increments across the condenser face. The wand is retracted from the condenser face for moving laterally to a new position before again being extended to the condenser face to collect and dispose of the trash caught under the wand. Trash caught on the condenser face is flushed by a stream of water back through the shaft to a mesh basket where it is separated from the water. A pump may be provided on the shaft for injecting and circulating cleaning fluids (such as chemical and/or abrasive fluids) through the condenser. A similar wand system may be provided on the remote face of the condenser to receive the fluids and return them to a recovery tank for recycling. The pump may also circulate dehumidified air through the system to keep the condenser dry when the cooling water circulating pump is shut down. A method of using the system is described.

Abstract: An interrupted normalize heat treatment process for ferritic alloy steel that includes the steps of rapidly cooling at least the outer surfaces of the steel from a temperature above the Ac temperature to a temperature below the Ar, temperature and during subsequent air cooling to room temperature reheating the outside surfaces of the ferritic alloy steel back above the Ar, temperature by bleed back heat from the steel, and forming an as interrupting normalized workpiece having substantially bainitic structures.

Abstract: Working fluid for absorption heat pumps operating at very high temperature, particularly 200.degree. to 1000.degree. C., said working fluid being a mixture of at least two constituents, characterized in that the working fluid is constituted by a mixture of at least two chemical elements, whereof the first called the "solvent" is much more volatile than the others called "solutes" at the temperature of the mixture, the nature and proportions of each of the chemical elements in the mixture being chosen in such a way that the Vapour pressure of the mixture is significantly below that of the first, more volatile chemical element throughout the operating cycle of the working fluid in the pump.These chemical elements can in particular be metals such as mercury or sodium, or metalloids such as sulphur.

Abstract: A superplastic aluminum-based alloy material consisting of a matrix formed of aluminum or a supersaturated aluminum solid solution, whose average crystal grain size is 0.005 to 1 .mu.m, and particles made of a stable or metastable phase of various intermetallic compounds formed of the main alloying element (i.e., the matrix element) and the other alloying elements and/or of various intermetallic compounds formed of the other alloying elements and distributed evenly in the matrix, the particles having a mean particle size of 0.001 to 0.1 .mu.m. The superplastic aluminum-based alloy material is produced from a rapidly solidified material consisting of an amorphous phase, a microcrystalline phase or a mixed phase thereof by optionally heat treating the material at a prescribed temperature for a prescribed period of time and then subjecting it to a single or combined thermomechanical treatment. The superplastic aluminum-based alloy material of the present invention is suited for superplastic working.

Abstract: A machine, such as a dishwasher or clothes washer, incorporates a device for measuring machine load that includes a sensor for detecting power consumption surges. The machine may further include a frame for containing articles, a power utilization system for circulating or distributing a liquid in the frame, and a controller, responsive to the device, for controlling the amount of liquid provided to the frame.

Abstract: Cr.sub.3 Si is alloyed with molybdenum which produces a two-phase microstructure of (Cr,Mo).sub.3 Si and (Cr,Mo).sub.5 Si.sub.3. About 50 weight percent of molybdenum is present in the alloy. The alloy forms two protective oxides over a wide range of temperatures. Chromium and molybdenum oxide volatize under flowing air at high temperatures above 1200.degree. C. which facilitates the formation of SiO.sub.2 on the surface. Below 1200.degree. C. Cr.sub.2 O.sub.3 is formed. The new alloy has excellent high temperature strength and creep properties.

Abstract: In accordance with this invention, a gold colored tarnish and corrosive resistant alloy is provided which includes the following: 6 to 20 percent by weight gold, 5 to 10 percent by weight of indium, 5 to 12 percent by weight of palladium, 23 to 40 percent copper, 5 to 10 percent by weight zinc, and 23 to 40 percent by weight silver. It has been found that the aforesaid alloys are sufficiently malleable to be rolled or stamped without fracturing.