Abstract: The present invention provides methods and compositions for the generation of microglial progenitor cells and microglial cells from pluripotent stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells. The present invention also provides cells produced using such methods, and both methods of treatment and methods of drug screening that use such cells. Also provided are various tissue culture media, tissue culture media supplements, and kits useful for the generation of human microglial progenitor cells and human microglial cells.

Abstract: Liposomes containing tau peptides, preferably phosphorylated tau peptides, and conjugates containing tau peptides, preferably phosphorylated tau peptides, conjugated to an immunogenic carrier are described. Pharmaceutical compositions and uses of the liposomes and/or conjugates for treating or preventing a neurodegenerative disease or disorder, such as Alzheimer's Disease, are also described.

Abstract: Methods, kits and compounds are provided that relate to the diagnosis, treatment, and/or prevention of preeclampsia.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods for early diagnosis, progression and treatment monitoring of Parkinson's disease (PD) and its differentiation from other neurodegenerative diseases by quantifying brain-enriched miRNA in bodily fluids.

Abstract: A cyclic polypeptide, derivative or analogue thereof, comprising an amino acid sequence derived from the C-terminus of acetylcholinesterase (ACh E), or a truncation thereof.

Abstract: Various aspects and embodiments of the present disclosure are directed to methods and compositions (e.g., kits) for the identification of subjects with misfolded proteins in their urine. For example, methods and compositions for determining that a urine sample from a pregnant woman contains or does not contain misfolded are provided. In some embodiments, the presence of misfolded proteins in a urine sample from a pregnant woman is an indication of preeclampsia.

Abstract: The present invention relates to TrkB binding agonists, and to the use of such agonists in the treatment of neurological disorders and other disorders. The present invention also relates to specific TrkB binding agonists comprising CDRs, variable regions, heavy and light chains, and variant sequences thereof.

Abstract: Use of an inhibitor of the ErbB2 receptor for treatment or repair of nerves and/or nerve tissues is provided. The inhibitor includes an antibody, in particular, a monoclonal antibody, for example, Herceptin. A medicament for treatment or repair of nerves and/or nerve tissues can be formulated which includes an inhibitor of the ErbB2 receptor. A pharmaceutical kit may include a medicament having an inhibitor of the ErbB2 receptor and dosing instructions for administrating the medicament for treatment or repair of nerves and/or nerve tissues. Also provided are uses of an inhibitor of the ErbB2 receptor for increasing axon regeneration, preventing neuron or glial cell death, and/or stimulating Schwann cell proliferation in a nerve stump.

Abstract: Compositions and methods related to antibodies or antibody fragments which are capable of crossing the blood brain barrier are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for guiding preservation of human neurons or human nerves during surgery by administering a fluorescently-labeled peptide that specifically binds to the human neurons or human nerves. The invention further provides human neuron or nerve targeting molecules comprising fluorescently-labeled peptides that specifically bind to human neurons or human nerves and compositions thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel use of actin depolymerizing agents, particularly cytochalasins or derivatives thereof for inhibiting or reversing actin polymerization. Therefore, the present invention provides a method for preventing or treating anxiety disorders and/or alleviating the symptoms thereof, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of an actin depolymerizing agent or a derivative thereof.

Abstract: AT-rich interactive domain-containing protein 5a (Arid5a) inhibitors can include mid-sized peptides (peptides having less than 15 amino acids) that inhibit the activity of Arid5a. The peptides include the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1. In an embodiment, the Arid5a peptide inhibitors can include a peptide having a sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO:3, and SEQ ID NO:4. The Arid5a peptide inhibitors can be useful for experimental investigation and treating a disease or disorder, such as, inflammation, diseases associated with inflammation, cancer, and autoimmune disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of diagnosing acute rejection of a cardiac allograft in a subject using genomic expression profiling, proteomic expression profiling, or both on panels of nucleic acid markers and proteomic markers.

Abstract: The present disclosure encompasses novel anti-NGF antibodies, antigen binding proteins and polynucleotides encoding the same. The disclosure further provides use of the novel antibodies, antigen binding proteins and/or nucleotide of the invention for the treatment and/or prevention of NGF related disorders, particularly in for the management of pain.

Abstract: The present invention in various aspects and embodiments provides methods for the treatment or prevention of degenerative disc disease or chronic lower back pain.

Abstract: The invention provides an analytical process for analysing the presence of at least one aggregated conformation prion protein in a sample of body fluid or a sample of tissue and uses the dependency of the amplification of the aggregated conformation on the shear-force intensity applied to the native conformation prion protein, which is also dependent on the specific seed present in the admixture with native conformation prion protein, for specifically analysing for the presence of an aggregated conformation prion protein in the sample.

Abstract: The invention relates to combinational treatment using a monoclonal anti-alpha-synuclein antibody and an additional medicament. The antibodies can be used for treating a synucleinopathy such as Parkinson's disease (including idiopathic and inherited forms of Parkinson's disease), Diffuse Lewy Body Disease (DLBD), Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease (LBV), Combined Alzheimer's and Parkinson disease, pure autonomic failure and multiple system atrophy together with another medicament of the invention.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and compositions for detecting molecule aggregation, folding, or interactions featuring comparing the amount of labeling of a molecule of interest, such as a protein, in a test sample with an amount of labeling in a control, e.g., a sample wherein the molecule of interest is denatured. If less labeling is present in the test sample as compared to the control sample, the test sample may comprise the molecule of interest in aggregate form, folded form, or interactive form, e.g., interacting with another molecule such as a protein molecule, DNA molecule or RNA molecule. The present invention may be used for detecting or monitoring a disease or condition such as a protein misfolding disease (proteopathy), e.g., amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), etc.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods of detecting and monitoring brain injury in a test subject comprising analyzing a blood sample from the test subject for increased levels of PrPC. The disclosure also provides kits for measuring the amount of PrPC in a blood sample.

Abstract: The presently disclosed subject matter provides for in vitro methods of inducing differentiation of human stem cells into midbrain dopamine neurons, and precursors thereof, and cells generated by such methods. The presently disclosed subject matter also provides for uses of such cells for treating neurodegenerative disorders.