Abstract: The present disclosure provides antibodies and antigen-binding fragments capable of binding PrPC. The disclosure further provides methods for making and using the antibodies and antigen-binding fragments.

Abstract: High affinity PD-1 mimic polypeptides are provided, which (i) comprise at least one amino acid change relative to a wild-type PD-1 protein; and (ii) have an increased affinity for PD-L1 relative to the wild-type protein. Compositions and methods are provided for modulating the activity of immune cells in a mammal by administering a therapeutic dose of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a high affinity PD-1 mimic polypeptide, which blocks the physiological binding interaction between PD-1 and its ligand PD-L1 and/or PD-L2.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel monoclonal anti-alpha-synuclein antibodies. The antibodies can be used for treating a synucleinopathy such as Parkinson's disease (including idiopathic and inherited forms of Parkinson's disease), Diffuse Lewy Body Disease (DLBD), Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease (LBV), Combined Alzheimer's and Parkinson disease, pure autonomic failure and multiple system atrophy.

Abstract: Methods for treatment and diagnosis of neurological disorders such as autism and autism spectrum disorder are disclosed. Also disclosed are modulators of alternative splicing regulators SRRM4 and/or SRRM3 for treating neurological disorders. Further disclosed are agents that modulate the expression of at least one splice variant for treating neurological disorders. Mouse models of neurological disorders having increased or decreased expression of SRRM4 and/or SRRM3 are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention deals with innovative compounds and compositions for preventing and/or treating a newly discovered detrimental mechanism, which blocks the endogenous myelin repair capacity of the adult nervous system (NS) in diseases associated with the expression of HERV-W envelope protein (ENV), in particular of its MSRV subtype.

Abstract: The instant disclosure relates to methods and compositions for the treatment of Gaucher disease, particularly type II and III neuronopathic Gaucher disease (nGD). The methods include the step of administering to an individual in need thereof an effective amount of a ryanodine receptor inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for treating osteoarthritis in a human subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an anti-human NGF antibody, or antigen-binding fragment thereof, wherein at least one symptom associated with osteoarthritis is prevented, ameliorated or improved.

Abstract: A method of averting opioid addiction in a patient is disclosed. The method can be applied to a patient suffering from moderate to severe low back pain (LBP). The method comprises: diagnosing the patient as suffering from low back; administering to the patient a pharmaceutical composition comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an antibody that binds specifically to nerve growth factor (NGF) or an antigen binding fragment thereof; and avoiding administration of an opioid to the patient, and thereby relieving pain, and averting opioid addiction in a patient.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel peptides, compositions, therapies and methods for treating neurodegenerative disorders, for example Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a human neural stem cell comprising an exogenous polynucleotide coding for a growth factor such as IGF-1. Also disclosed are methods of using the human neural stem cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases or disorders including, for example, ALS.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polypeptide containing an extracellular domain of a synaptogenic protein, and a method for manufacturing a nerve cell, a complex containing a biotin tagged at the C-terminus of the polypeptide, an artificial synapse inducer for coupling the composite to a streptavidin (SAV)-coated substrate and a nerve cell. The complex tagged with a biotin at the C-terminus of the polypeptide containing the extracellular domain of the synaptogenic protein, such as neuroligin-1, can display activity by being attached to the SAV-coated substrate to adjust the orientation thereof without help of a supported lipid bilayer. The complex containing an additional RFP between the extracellular domain and the biotin of the synaptogenic protein not only facilitates easier mass-production, quantification, and tracking, but also displays activity of a normal synaptogenic protein, thereby inducing excitatory or inhibitory synaptic differentiation by being fixed to the substrate and added to the nerve cell culture.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating degenerative neurological disorders in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a composition comprising an acid sphingomyelinase (ASM) activity inhibitor or expression inhibitor as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to therapeutic methods for regulating weight gain, metabolic syndrome, and insulin resistance. In certain embodiments, the disclosure relates to methods of treating or preventing obesity, metabolic syndrome, or insulin resistance by administering an effective amount of a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more GDNF receptor agonists to a subject in need thereof.

Abstract: This disclosure provides methods for treating cancer in a subject comprising administering to the subject an anti-PD-1 antibody and an anti-CD27 antibody. In some embodiments, the cancer is colorectal cancer, rectal cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, melanoma, ovarian cancer, head and neck cancer, or any combination thereof.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel monoclonal anti-alpha-synuclein antibodies. The antibodies can be used for treating a synucleinopathy such as Parkinson's disease (including idiopathic and inherited forms of Parkinson's disease), Diffuse Lewy Body Disease (DLBD), Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease (LBV), Combined Alzheimer's and Parkinson disease, pure autonomic failure and multiple system atrophy.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel monoclonal anti-alpha-synuclein antibodies. The antibodies can be used for treating a synucleinopathy such as Parkinson's disease (including idiopathic and inherited forms of Parkinson's disease), Diffuse Lewy Body Disease (DLBD), Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease (LBV), Combined Alzheimer's and Parkinson disease, pure autonomic failure and multiple system atrophy.

Abstract: The invention is in the domain of delivery of molecules to brain cells across the blood-brain barrier. The invention relates to a novel polypeptide-based carrier that allows the efficient delivery of an effector peptide, to neuron cells across the blood-brain barrier, and to methods for the production and testing of such carrier, including a model for testing the capacity of such molecule to cross the blood-brain barrier and/or the toxicity of molecules on the blood brain barrier and/or the capacity of molecules that have crossed to target human brain cells (e.g. neurons, astrocytes and microglial cells).

Abstract: The invention relates to novel monoclonal anti-alpha-synuclein antibodies. The antibodies can be used for treating a synucleinopathy such as Parkinson's disease (including idiopathic and inherited forms of Parkinson's disease), Diffuse Lewy Body Disease (DLBD), Lewy body variant of Alzheimer's disease (LBV), Combined Alzheimer's and Parkinson disease, pure autonomic failure and multiple system atrophy.

Abstract: Biomarkers are not as commonly used in ALS drug development as in the drug development process for oncology. Biomarkers are important component of the ALS drug development pathway to demonstrate drug effect and target engagement. In a recent Phase 2A double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled clinical trial with GM604 (AKA MNTF, GM6), where ALS patients were treated with six doses of GM604 for two weeks and then continued to be evaluated for disease progression until 10 weeks after cessation of GM604 treatment, it was demonstrated that GM604 can modulate expression of ALS disease related genes, through pathways that bring about homeostasis of pertinent ALS biomarkers. The statistical significance in biomarker changes also correlate with treatment effects in clinical observations.

Abstract: This document provides methods and materials for producing CD8+ T cells. For example, methods and materials for using low glucose levels (e.g., from about 0.3 mM to about 0.7 mM glucose) to culture cells to produce particular populations of T cells (e.g., CD8+ T cells such as tissue resident memory T cells) are provided.