Abstract: A process of electrostatic printing which comprises the steps of forming a reverse image of a dielectric toner on an electroconductive support or a photoconductive support, fixing the reverse image to give an electrostatic printing master sheet, and conducting electrostatic printing in which electrification of the dielectric toner image on the master sheet, development with a toner, transfer of the resulting toner image to a material to be printed and fixing are repeatedly carried out to give numerous sheets of duplicates.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a pair of associated reproduction masks for manufacturing shadow masks for display tubes. In order to obtain elongate apertures which are enlarged in width on the side of the mask facing the screen, the second reproduction mask is formed by reproducing the first reproduction mask on a photographic plate by means of light rays which have a substantially greater divergence in a plane perpendicular to the long dimension of the apertures than in the plane parallel thereto.

Abstract: In a photosensitive member for electrophotography comprising a photoconductive layer containing photoconductive cadmium sulfide particles dispersed in a binder material, the member comprises a particular additive to the photoconductive layer, said additive being selected from the group consisting of iron, nickel, cobalt and compounds thereof.

Abstract: A mat for use as bedding material in an animal stall, comprises at least two felt-like layers of textile material (1,2) held together by multiple needleperforations (9) with the top surface of the top layer of textile material being impregnated with a substance (4) suitable for forming an abrasion-resisting skin. The impregnating substance is preferably a heat shrinkable copolymer of styrene and acrylic ether. Natural or synthetic fibers may be used for the felt-like layers of textile material. The fibres may be long and continuous, or alternatively they may be a tangle of short fibres. Although particularly intended for use with stalled cows, the floor covering may be used in other forms of stabling, with other species of animal, and indeed in quite other locations such as public halls and the like.

Abstract: A novel image forming method comprises the steps of providing a thin layer of magnetic developer particles on the surface of a developer supporting member, imagewise applying ions onto the thin layer in the presence of a magnetic field and imagewise transferring the developer particles onto the surface of another member.

Abstract: A photoconductive material (11) coated on a drum, belt or sheet (22) is formed with a first photoconductive layer (11b) which is insensitive to red light, a second photoconductive layer (11d) which is sensitive to red light and a transparent insulating layer (11c) formed either between the photoconductive layers (11b), (11d) or on top thereof. The outer surface of the material (11) is radiated with white light while applying a first electrostatic charge thereto rendering both photoconductive layers (11b), (11d) photoconductive. Then, the material (11) is radiated with red light rendering only the second photoconductive layer (11d) photoconductive while applying an electrostatic charge of opposite polarity. Then, a third electrostatic charge of the same polarity as the first electrostatic charge is applied in the dark. The result is that electrostatic charges of opposite polarities are formed at the outer surfaces of the first and second photoconductive layers (11b), (11d).

Abstract: An electric field is established in the gap between an imaging surface and an opposing electrode surface inducing movement of particles from suspension within a developer in the gap toward the opposing electrode surface. A voltage pattern generated on the imaging surface causes deposit of the developer particles in image relation on the opposing electrode surface or on a printing surface positioned adjacent thereto, by a repulsive action between the imaging surface and the particles having an electrostatic charge of the same polarity.

Abstract: The problem of reliably adhering resists to underlying surfaces made of, for example, phosphorus-doped silicon dioxide or silicon nitride is a particularly difficult one. In practice, the use of standard adhesion promoters such as HMDS provides only marginal relief. By baking a relatively thin layer of resist on the underlying layer, a tenacious bond between the thin layer and the underlying surface is achieved. Subsequently, a relatively thick layer of resist is applied and patterned in a standard way. An excellent bond between the thick and thin resist layers results. Subsequent processing of the patterned thick layer leaves the two noted bonded interfaces virtually intact.

Abstract: Electrostatic developer composition and method for developing therewith an electrostatic charge pattern of positive charge wherein the composition is free of carrier particles and consists of powder particles containing at least 80% by weight of a mixture of at least 30% by weight of: a polyester derived from fumaric acid or a mixture of at least 95 mol % fumaric acid and isophthalic acid and a polyol blend of propoxylated bisphenol characterized by the formula: ##STR1## wherein m and n are integers and added together average from 2 to 7, and at least one of (1) a copolymer of ethylene, maleic acid and/or maleic anhydride wherein from 50 to 70 mol % of ethylene repeating units are present, and (2) a wax of the group consisting of castor wax and montan wax.

Abstract: A dry process developing method for application to electrophotography which includes the steps of mixing magnetizable toner and electrically insulating non-magnetizable toner in a predetermined ratio to form developing material, and applying said developing material onto an electrical potential pattern or electrostatic latent image formed on a recording medium for developing the latent image into visible toner image. For effecting the foregoing developing method, a developing apparatus is provided with an improved developing material supplying device for efficient developing.

Abstract: A system and method using an integral sandwich structure including an insulative layer-photoconductive layer-conductive layer. A removable electrode member is positioned above and connected to the insulative layer by a thin liquid layer having a dipole moment greater than zero, a conductivity sufficient to maintain the electric potential of the surface of the insulative layer at the potential of the electrode member, a surface tension equal to or smaller than the critical surface tension of the insulative layer. Upon removal of the electrode member the liquid evaporates in a time period less than the dark dielectric time constant of the photoconductive insulative layer. A d.c. voltage is applied between the conductive layer and the removable electrode during which time a radiation image is applied to the photoconductive layer to cause an electrical charge image to be produced at the outer surface of the insulative layer.

Abstract: Electrically photosensitive materials and elements comprising an electrically photosensitive polymeric compound of the structure: ##STR1## wherein: R.sub.1 and R.sub.3, which are the same or different, represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group;R.sub.2 and R.sub.4, which are the same or different, represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkylene group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group;R.sub.5 and R.sub.6, which are the same or different, represent hydrogen or an electron withdrawing group;R.sub.7 and R.sub.

Abstract: Electrophotographic developer compositions containing carrier, toner and special purpose additives such as flow promoters, dry lubricants and the like are prepared by coating carrier particles with a coating selected so that the triboelectric relationship between the surface of the carrier and the surface of the additive is substantially zero.

Abstract: This invention is directed generally to a layered inorganic photoresponsive device, this device being comprised of a substrate, or supporting base, containing on its surface a layer of hole injecting material comprised of gold, a hole transport layer in operative contact with the hole injecting layer, the transport layer being comprised of a halogen doped selenium arsenic alloy, wherein the percentage of selenium present is from about 99.5 percent to about 99.9 percent, the percentage of arsenic present is from about 0.5 percent to 0.1 percent, the percentage of halogen present ranges from about 10 parts per million to 200 parts per million, followed by a charge generating material overcoated on the transport layer, this material being comprised of inorganic photoconductive substances, and as an optional layer a layer of insulating organic resin overlaying the charge generating layer. The transport and generating layers can also be comprised of one composite layer.

Abstract: An imaging member comprising a hole generation layer and a contiguous hole transport layer, said generation layer comprising a photoconductive material exhibiting the capability of photogeneration of holes and injection of said holes, said hole transport layer comprising a di or triarylmethane compound of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are independently selected from the group consisting of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, aryl, alkaryl and aralkyl, where said aryl is a phenyl group or a condensed ring group, where the alkyl group of said alkaryl and aralkyl is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 group; R.sub.3 is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and CH.sub.3 ; and R.sub.4 is the same as R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 or a disubstituted aminophenyl group wherein the substituents are independently selected from the group consisting of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.

Abstract: This invention is generally directed to inorganic overcoated photo-responsive devices comprised of a substrate, a layer of hole injecting material capable of injecting holes into a layer on its surface, this layer being comprised of trigonal selenium, a hole transport layer in operative contact with the hole injecting layer, this layer being comprised of a halogen doped selenium arsenic alloy, wherein the percentage by weight of selenium present is from about 99.5 percent to about 99.9 percent, the percentage by weight of arsenic present is from about 0.1 percent to about 0.5 percent, and the halogen is present in an amount of from about 10 parts per million, to about 200 parts per million; a charge generating layer overcoated on the hole transport layer, comprised of an inorganic photoconductive material; a hole trapping layer overcoated on the generator layer, the trapping layer being comprised of a halogen doped selenium arsenic alloy, containing from about 95 percent selenium, to 99.

Abstract: A method of producing printed circuit boards according to this invention consists of the steps of coating an electrophotographic photosensitive film on both sides of a substrate which consists of a synthetic resin plate with a conductive metal layer on each side; forming a wiring pattern of an acid-resistant toner on the photosensitive film by means of the electrophotography; and etching the substrate to remove unnecessary parts of the conductive metal layers that are not covered with the protective toner and the photosensitive film. With this method, copper-walled holes can be formed easily and accurately.

Abstract: A support column for a trophy or the like comprising two parts, both of which are substantially flat so that they may be readily packed, shipped or inventoried. The column includes a weight-supporting front plate, and a semi-resilient back panel with connecting means therebetween by which the weight-supporting front plate will present a continuous front, while the back panel is disposed in a semi-circular position to form the hollow column.

Abstract: In a process for the formation of an electrostatic image on a photoconductive element comprising a photoconductive zinc oxide-binder layer and an insulating top layer, the top layer is first positively charged and then is negatively charged until the element is saturated with negative charge, after which the top layer is imagewise exposed to light.

Abstract: A layered xerographic photoconductor having a charge generating layer which includes a photosensitive dye molecule which is soluble in chlorinated organic solvents, specifically methylene chloride, the dye molecule being ##STR1## and a P-type charge transport layer.