Abstract: An induction system for a multiple cylinder internal combustion engine embodying a simplified fuel injection arrangement that reduces the number of injection nozzles. The engine is provided with a relatively large cross sectional area main induction system and a relatively small cross sectional area auxiliary induction system. A valving arrangement is incorporated so that a major portion of the engine charge requirements are supplied to the chambers through auxiliary induction system at idle and low speed. As a result, turbulence in the combustion chamber at the time of ignition is increased to provide improved fuel economy and exhaust emission control. One fuel injection nozzle is positioned in an inlet passage of the auxiliary induction system which serves a plurality of chambers. In this way, one injection nozzle can serve multiple chambers without adversely affecting mixture distribution.

Abstract: A fuel system having an overhead tank for gravity feeding marine diesel oil to an engine and a pump for feeding heavy fuel oil to the engine, a mixer connected to the outlet of the tank and the pump and to the inlet of the engine and a flow control valve provided for regulating the flow of the heavy fuel oil whereby the fuel oils become mixed fuel oil and then flow into the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a relatively large main induction system which supplies a charge to the chambers at higher loads and a relatively small auxiliary induction system that supplies the chamber charge at idle and low loads so as to improve fuel economy and exhaust emission control. A valve arrangement is incorporated for controlling the flow through the induction systems. The valve arrangement includes a manually positioned valve and a valve that is responsive of flow through the induction passages so that an increasing proportion of the charge will be supplied through the main induction system as the air flow increases. A manual override is also included so that the automatically positioned valve will be opened independently of the air flow responsive actuator when the manually operated throttle valve is suddenly opened.

Abstract: Several embodiments of induction systems for multiple cylinder internal combustion engines that improve engine performance, particularly at idle and low speed. In each embodiment a charge is delivered to the chambers at idle and low speed through a relatively small cross sectional area auxiliary induction system for improving turbulence in the chamber at the time of combustion. The auxiliary induction passages communicate with each other so that the idle charge for a given chamber that is on its intake cycle will be supplied from the portion of the other induction systems downstream of a manually operated throttle valve. Upstream of the manually operated throttle valves there is provided another throttle valve which cooperates with an idle fuel discharge so that the idle fuel is delivered to the various chambers.

Abstract: A fuel vaporizing apparatus adapted for supplying fuel to an internal combustion engine. The apparatus comprises a housing with an enclosed vaporizing cavity shaped to provide a relatively thin flow path and a relatively large surface area for heat transfer to maximize fuel contact with the heated surfaces of the housing, and a means for heating the cavity to vaporize the fuel.

Abstract: A high power output internal combustion piston engine is provided with two intake ports and one exhaust port for each combustion chamber. Flow through each port is controlled by a valve, the exhaust valve being positioned on one side of the combustion chamber and the two intake valves on the other side. A spark plug communicates with the combustion chamber on the same side as the exhaust valve, and near one of the intake valves. An air-fuel mixture is supplied to each of the intake ports through first and second throttle valves. Means including a lost-motion connection coordinates the movements of the throttle valves.

Abstract: A preheating device for the inlet manifold of an internal combustion engine, comprising at least one probe projecting into the exhaust manifold of the engine connected via a heat-conductive metallic rod or pipe to a second probe projecting into the inlet manifold, for transferring heat from the exhaust manifold to the fuel-air charge flowing through the inlet manifold. The probe disposed in the inlet manifold may be provided with an electrical heating element such as to preheat the interior of the inlet manifold prior to starting the engine, and providing heat to the fuel-air charge during cold starts of the engine.

Abstract: A fuel vaporization promoting device comprises a heater vessel arranged in the collecting portion of the intake manifold of an engine. The heater vessel contains therein at least one PTC element and is shaped in the form of a flat plate. The heater element is spaced above the bottom wall of the collecting portion by a support member having a small cross-sectional area so that an air gap is formed between the lower face of the heater vessel and the bottom wall of the collecting portion. The heater vessel is actuated after the engine is operating under its own power and is turned off when the warm-up of the engine is completed.

Abstract: An engine is equipped with a fuel injector in an intake passageway immediately upstream of an intake valve. Air introduced from the intake passageway upstream of a throttle valve is ejected toward a clearance between the valve head of the intake valve and a valve seat, when the intake valve is opened. The ejected air stream strikes against the sprayed fuel injected from the fuel injector to improve the atomization of injected fuel and to form homogeneous air-fuel mixture to be inducted into the combustion chamber of the engine.

Abstract: A fuel economizing and pollution reducing device for interposition between the conventional carburetor and intake manifold of an internal combustion engine. An exhaust gas heated exchange tube extends through the interior of the device, providing a constriction, or a reduction in the cross-sectional area, of the interior of the device. The fuel-air mixture entering from the carburetor is abruptly directed through this constriction by a deflection plate. Thus, the inducted mixture flowing past the heat exchange tube is subjected to an increase in both heat and velocity, producing improved atomization and vaporization of the fuel in the air. Beyond the heat exchange tube, a turbulent effect is created, promoting further vaporization of the fuel and intermixture of air therewith. In a preferred embodiment, these dual effects are enhanced by a mixing plate which is positioned downstream of the constriction.

Abstract: A device is disclosed which, when used in conjunction with a conventional carburetor metering device of an internal combustion engine, allows formation of a mixture of fuel vapor and air which burns more efficiently and yields less harmful combustion by-products than conventional carburetor systems. Incoming air to the engine is substantially completely saturated with fuel vapors by passing the air through a controlled volume of liquid fuel heated to a predetermined temperature, thereby allowing the air stream to become substantially saturated with fuel vapors. The air-fuel vapor mixture is further leaned downstream by the addition of fresh air, and the leaner, but more uniformly and controllably saturated air-fuel mixture then is introduced into the engine.

Abstract: Means for supplying a fuel/air mixture to an internal combustion engine comprises a housing, means for injecting fuel into the housing, means for transferring sufficient heat to the fuel so that substantially all the fuel is vaporized when it leaves the housing, means for admitting air into the housing to form a mixture with the vaporized fuel, outlet conduit means for conducting the mixture out of the housing for combustion in the engine and, preferably, rotor means positioned in the outlet conduit means for rotation by the gases passing through the outlet conduit means.

Abstract: A method for operating a combustion engine in which an oxygen-containing mixture is compressed in successive working strokes and thus heated and combusted, with the combustion gases expanding. Part of the fuel used is heated to at least its ignition temperature and then injected in the gaseous state into the oxygen-containing mixture according to a predetermined combustion process. The combustion is started by injecting heated fuel into the oxygen-containing mixture heated due to compression and is controlled by varying the amount of injected fuel, its distribution and the duration of the injection process. The fuel may be heated before injection by a separate heater, the hot combustion gases and by compressing the fuel. The fuel may be compressed by combining it with the mixture compression.

Abstract: A fuel injection system for internal combustion engines in which fuel is injected, under pressure, into an insulated fuel injection chamber wherein it mixes with incoming air and vaporizes. Heat absorbed in the evaporation of the fuel is taken primarily from the incoming air and from the incoming fuel in the fuel line, which is wrapped about the fuel injection chamber within the insulation, the resulting fuel-air mixture introduced into the combustion chamber is in both a super-cooled and a highly vaporized state.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the efficiency of an internal combustion engine by producing ozone gas and positively charged air particles in a supply of air to an engine. The apparatus comprises an ozone generator cell suitably positioned with respect to the engine so that an air supply to the engine passes between adjacent plates of the ozone generator. In one embodied form, the apparatus comprises a tubular ozone generator cell for charging and ionizing a relatively small volume of air to the engine. The air supply to the generator may be first treated to substantially remove ambient moisture by means of a suitable air dryer. Optionally, a plurality of generators may be connected in sequence to provide an increased source of ozone gas to the engine thereby to commensurately reduce fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions.

Abstract: Heating apparatus for the air-fuel mixture of a vehicle engine including a perforated grid placed across the flow of the air-fuel mixture. The grid is spaced downward from the outlet of the carburetor. A bypass housing formed of permeable screen material may be placed with an open inlet end registered with the carburetor outlet and with an open outlet end registered with the face of the heating grid. During engine start and idle modes with or without use of a choke all of the fuel-air mixture passes through the grid. During off-idle engine modes which require substantially greater flow rates, a portion of the mixture may bypass the grid and pass through the permeable walls of the bypass housing.

Abstract: A device for disposition in a loop for transporting gaseous material between the crankcase and the intake of the carburetor of an IC engine at a location downstream from the normal disposition of a PCV valve, i.e. on or slightly downstream from the valve cover. The device includes a generally T-shaped body adapted for coupling at opposite sides thereof to a tube in part comprising the gaseous loop. A specific constructional arrangement which applies a magnetic field to the gaseous material passing through the body of the device includes a rod, a disc-shaped electromagnet attached at one end thereof and a permanent magnet in turn affixed to the electromagnet. Spaced from the magnets is an annular metal member. The gaseous materials flowing between the magnets and the annular member are subjected to a magnetic field which enables such gases to be more completely burned in the IC engine so as to both reduce the level of CO and NO.sub.

Abstract: An evaporative emission control system for an internal combustion engine, in which fuel vapors generated in a fuel reservoir are stored in a fuel vapor storage canister when the engine is stopped so that the fuel vapors may be used when the engine is in operation. A purge control valve is disposed on a discharge port of the canister. The purge control valve is designed so that it is not opened unless a temperature of the engine exceeds a level above a predetermined threshold even when the engine is in operation. When the engine is operated at a low temperature, the stored fuel vapors in the canister are not released for stabilization in the air-fuel ratio of a mixture fed to the engine, and when the engine is operated at a high temperature, the stored fuel vapors are released into the engine to effectively consume the fuel.

Abstract: A modified internal combustion engine of the carburetor type and method of modification enables low and medium BTU fuels in gaseous form to be utilized either as the sole fuel or in conjunction with other relatively high BTU fuels in liquid or gaseous form.

Abstract: A device which prevents run-on continued operation of an internal combustion engine when the ignition is shut off: the device including means for preventing delayed closing of the throttle valve or valves when the ignition circuit is opened.