Abstract: In high-pressure discharge lamps an electrode pin is provided with a closed cavity extending in the longitudinal direction and in which a hydrogen getter is present. The end of the electrode pin extending in the discharge vessel is formed by a metal part of a hydrogen-permeable metal which bounds the cavity.This construction provides a solution for the contradictory requirements which have to be imposed upon the arrangement of a getter with a hydrogen-permeable envelope. The construction furthermore provides a hydrogen getter with both a high reactivity and a great capacity.

Abstract: For the decoupling between drive lines 9 for applying the firing and extinguishing pulses and supply lines 7 for supplying the sustain voltage, as well as for firing and maintaining discharges in gas discharge display devices, electrodes 2 are applied via conductive multi-layer zones 3 of the surrounding dielectric layer 4, from the supply lines 7 and also via counter-plates provided on the surface of the dielectric layer 4. The counter-plates are interconnected by lines 9, and form with associated counter-electrodes, respective capacitors in which one counter-plate vertical row can represent a first coordinate while the second coordinate may be formed by time-defined shifting of this vertical row of counter-plates in a direction which is vertical with respect to its extension.

Abstract: A digital exposure meter display circuit for a camera includes a first oscillator 1 whose output controls the charging of an integrating capacitor 28 from a constant current source 3. When the capacitor charge reaches the level of a reference voltage from source 7, as detected by a first comparator 6, a counter 10 is enabled and begins to register clock pulses from a second oscillator 8 through an AND gate 31. When the capacitor charge subsequently reaches the output level of a light measuring circuit 4, which is proportional to the apex value of the sensed object brightness, a second comparator 5 disables the AND gate and enables an LED display 12 supplied with the decoded counter value.

Abstract: Apparatus and method to enable potentials applied to various operating components of an electrostatic type reproduction machine to be measured by an electrostatic voltmeter. The apparatus comprises structures designed to place the sensing element of the voltmeter in predetermined spaced relationship with the reproduction machine photoreceptor. A shutter is provided to close off the probe window when the apparatus is not in use and automatic switches are provided to couple the probe to ground to calibrate the probe and protect the probe sensing circuit in response to closure of the shutter. Remote means are provided to enable the probe to be moved into and out of operating position and to operate the shutter.

Abstract: Direct currents and alternating currents superposed upon same are measured by embracing the current conveying conductor with a prong-type meter. The jaws of the prong are provided with guide means for the current conveying conductor and with induction coils concentrically disposed with respect to the recess defined by the jaws. The prong is further provided with an electronic amplifier unit comprising an integrator for direct current, an amplifier, a filter and a rectifier for alternating current as well as means to display the measuring values. According to a special embodiment at least one jaw of the prong carries a thermometer projecting into the recess.

Abstract: A detector for measuring relative movement and/or displacement between two relatively movable members comprises a plurality of regularly shaped elements of magnetic material e.g. steel balls, periodically spaced along a path which is preferably linear, and a transducer which is movable relative to the elements in a direction parallel to said path. The transducer comprises a transmitter coil, or series of coils, disposed for producing a magnetic field parallel to said path, and at least two pick-up coils encasing the path and displaced along it. The pick-up coils sense the variation in the magnetic field due to the presence of the elements, so that the relative spacing of the pickup coils and the elements enable, on the production of the magnetic field, the generation by the pick-up coils of output signals denoting the relative movement between the members.

Abstract: Probe apparatus is disclosed for in place testing of circuit boards of the type which carry electrical components interconnected at nodes accessible from at least a first side of the board. The probe apparatus may comprise a card which is attached to the circuit board under test adjacent its first side. A probe module, including signal conditioning means and a short interfacing element, is mounted on the card in close proximity to the node of interest. The signal conditioning means and interfacing element may comprise electrical decoupling and signal pick off means capable of sensing signals at the node while minimizing introduction of spurious signals thereto.

Abstract: The invention relates to the production of metal halide discharge lamps. Residual water vapor within the envelope of metal halide discharge lamps is gettered by the inclusion of a small quantity of phosphorus. By this means it is possible to dispense with complexities in the conventional manufacture of such discharge lamps arising from the hygroscopic nature of many metal halides.

Abstract: A negative differential mobility amplifier with a layer of semiconductor material of negative differential mobility. Two electrodes formed by two metallic combs are disposed on the free surface of the layer of semiconductor material. Overlapping fingers of the metallic combs are orthogonal to the propagation direction of the progressive wave and form an ohmic contact with the free surface of the semiconductor layer. The semiconductor layer is deposited onto a first surface of a dielectric substrate. A second surface of the dielectric substrate opposite to the first surface is provided with a metallic plate. The two electrodes are brought in operation to different electrical d.c. biassing potentials by a biassing source and to the high frequency potential of the progressive wave to be amplified. A line of asymetric parallel bands is formed by the metallic plate, the metallic combs, and the dielectric substrate.

Abstract: A probe head having interface contact members and probe elements on a first side of an insulating support. The interface contact members and the probe elements both pass through the support to a second side where conductors couple interface contact members with appropriate probe elements. A test fixture for using the probe head to test printed circuit boards is also disclosed.

Abstract: A display panel includes a base plate and face plate having internal electrodes connected to contact pads disposed along an edge of the panel. The base plate and face plate are spaced apart along said edge of the panel so that flexible terminals or pins can be inserted therebetween to make contact with the contact pads and to connect the internal panel electrodes to external circuitry. The panel includes means for mechanically supporting all of the leads and for cementing the leads to the support member, thus providing a rigid lead assembly which can be handled with ease by a user.

Abstract: An X-ray tube test system comprising signal processing circuitry including means for converting an analog signal representative of anode current into a train of pulses having an instantaneous frequency proportional to corresponding instantaneous amplitude values of the analog signal, means for counting the pulses in the train during an exposure time interval to obtain an integrated milliampere-second (MAS) value, means for summing a train of pulses having a uniform frequency during an interval of time equivalent to the exposure time interval to obtain an integral value for the exposure time, means for optionally dividing the MAS value by the exposure time value to obtain an average anode current (MA) value during the exposure time interval, and means for displaying numerical equivalents of the values thus obtained.

Abstract: The radio-frequency performance at localized areas of a radome is determined by a method which includes illuminating at normal incidence a local radome patch with a sweep-frequency band of microwaves having a frequency band of at least two-thirds octave surrounding the design frequency of the radome. Alternatively, a harmonic band of three times the design frequency band may be utilized in the method when compact equipment is important. A sweep-frequency generator is coupled to a reflectometer for response to the band of illuminated and reflected microwaves from a local radome patch to provide an X-Y plot of reflectivity as a function of the sweep-frequency. The sweep-frequency is related to scan angle using known radome equations.

Abstract: A light screen device for measuring the velocity of a projectile comprising laser disposed opposite to one end of a first plane reflecting mirror and inclined with respect thereto to cause a laser beam to strike the first plane reflecting mirror and in turn to reflect the beam to a second plane mirror and successively reflecting the beam back and forth vertically to higher points on each mirror surface forming a criss-cross rectangularly shaped light grid network therebetween. A light detector is disposed axially in line with a reflected beam to intercept and detect the continuing presence thereof and to generate a pulse signal in response to the projectile passing through the light screen to stop a counting circuit.

Abstract: Electrical leakage between electrodes in an electrochemical cell is determined by initially overcharging the cell to place it in a fully charged state. Various methods are available to ascertain a full charge, and a convenient method is disclosed in which the full charge is indicated by a predetermined rate of gassing at the electrodes. After receiving a full charge the cell is stored on open circuit for a time, during which some of the charge is dissipated due to leakage, and is then recharged to achieve an onset of gassing condition. The gas from the cell is conducted to a pressure vessel where it is filtered and slowly exhausted to the atmosphere while the pressure is monitored. An anomalous delay, relative to a reference cell, in achieving the onset of gassing condition indicates a cell leakage. The method and apparatus disclosed provides a convenient and considerably faster way than previously known to test for cell leakage.

Abstract: An X-ray tube comprises a rotatable anode supported by a bearing structure having portions lubricated by lead. The bearing structure includes a grooved outer race which is coated with ion-implanted lead, an inner race comprising a grooved portion of a spindle, and a plurality of lead-burnished balls disposed between the races.

Abstract: An electrical indicator is disclosed of the type including a housing with an elongated window therein, and an elongated scale and an adjacent, relatively-translatable index carried on an elongated tape loop, both viewable through the window. The indicator provides increased resolution over such indicators known to the prior art by placing the elongated scale also on a tape which is made translatable past the window but in a direction opposite to that of the tape carrying the index. Both tapes are driven by the same drum forming part of a DC torque motor, but are taken off a peripheral surface of that drum in opposite directions to achieve opposite translations of the tapes past the window. An electrical circuit for controlling the DC torque motor is disclosed, as are details of the DC torque motor and associated components of the electrical indicator.

Abstract: An X-ray tube includes a rotor body having an outer sleeve of copper and an inner sleeve of steel, the two sleeves being joined by brazing. A black coating is applied to the outer surface of the copper sleeve and the inner surface of the steel sleeve, as well as to the outer surface of a copper bearing housing concentrically disposed within the rotor body. A steel spindle is concentrically and rotatably supported within the housing by a bearing structure and is rigidly affixed to the rotor body to support the rotor body for rotation. The X-ray tube also includes an anode comprised of molybdenum having a coating of rhenium-tungsten. The anode is supported on a shaft comprised of a material having a low coefficient of thermal conductivity such as niobium, an alloy of niobium, molybdenum, or an alloy of molybdenum. The X-ray tube further includes a bearing structure having portions lubricated by lead.

Abstract: A cold cathode arc discharge flash lamp has a cathode assembly in which an electron emissive pellet is secured on the lead wire or rod entering the flash tube envelope. One or more coils of molybdenum or a similar body of ceramic refractory shield the emissive face of the pellet from destructive ion bombardment while exposing the face for electron emission.

Abstract: An improved laser cooling system for high repetition rate lasers in which a flashlamp is cooled by conducting the heat generated in the lamp directly to a holder which is a solid thermal conductor formed by the structure of the pump cavity and in turn to a heat sink without using flowing gas or liquid in the cavity or space surrounding the flashlamp. The flashlamp is fixedly mounted on the holder with a gap or space therebetween. A thin layer of barium sulfate powder or any other suitable material (which can physically conform to the outside surface of the flashlamp envelope while providing adequate thermal conductivity between the flashlamp and the holder, and adequate optical reflectivity) is then packed in the gap between the flashlamp envelope and the holder in order to reflect light efficiently and to provide a good thermal contact between the holder and the flashlamp.