Abstract: A method and apparatus for the generation of an ionized gas or plasma for measurement of ultra-high frequency electromagnetic radiation utilizing a casing containing an ionizable gas, an oscillating circuit comprising an inductor and a capacitor in the casing, the oscillating circuit being adapted to resonate at a predetermined resonance frequency in the ultra-high frequency range and to have a Q factor in a vacuum of greater than 1 in order to render the circuit capable of producing a firing voltage across the capacitor for ionizing the gas when the inductor receives electromagnetic radiation near the resonance frequency, the casing further including optical conducting means having one end attached to the casing near the capacitor and means attached to the other end of the optical conducting means for analyzing the light transmitted from the conductor as a function of the power of the electromagnetic radiation.

Abstract: A method of and circuit for monitoring the amplitude of a sine wave-shaped electrical signal in a defined range of a signal period, wherein the signal is derived from scanning an object which is to be measured or controlled. A comparison circuit is provided which compares the signal being monitored to a reference signal and generates a first impulse signal which is applied to a logic gate. A second impulse signal generating network generates a second impulse signal determining the range of the signal period by adding at least one signal derived from additional signals contained in the signal spectrum to the signal being monitored. This impulse is also applied to the logic circuit. The logic circuit produces a switching signal for operating an indicator or control device.

Abstract: A multiple contact test probe assembly for testing miniature electronic circuit devices includes a non-conductive support having a plurality of spaced slots extending therethrough, all of the slots being substantially parallel and lying in a common plane. The assembly is provided with a plurality of electrically conductive contact elements, each element dimensioned to press fit within at least one of the slots and having a bend between the ends of each element to restrict sliding through the corresponding slot. At least one end of each contact element is adapted to sequentially engage a miniature electronic circuit for testing purposes, each contact element having sufficient tensile strength to withstand sequential testing of the circuit devices.

Abstract: A meter drive circuit includes a signal input circuit through which an input signal is applied to a peak hold circuit for producing an output signal which indicates an instantaneous peak value of the input signal and which is held for a predetermined time, a sample and hold circuit for sampling the level of the output signal of the peak hold circuit, and holding the sampled level, and a signal level indicator connected to the sample and hold circuit to provide an indication of the sampled level.

Abstract: A mirror condenser lamp has significantly smaller dimensions than prior art lamps. The current supply conductors extend from the intersection of a reflector portion and a lens portion.

Abstract: A plurality of measurement readout displays electrically insulated from one another are provided on a plate member, each of which displays is performed by making use of an excitable material which is capable of being visible only upon the application of a voltage thereto.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for determining effective power and apparent power by multiplying voltage and current samples and algebraically summing the sample products to obtain effective power and level shifting the product signals to the level of the lower peaks of the envelope curve of the product signals which are proportional to the return power and algebraically summing the sample products to obtain apparent power.

Abstract: In order to permit probing access to a printed circuit board while the printed circuit board is under test in a cold controlled environment, a doubled walled environmental hood is provided, the inner and outer walls spaced apart by rings containing orifices therein, a probe hole formed in the center of the ring and the outer wall cut away in the area of the ring, with a cold gas supplied to the inside of the inner wall and a hot gas supplied to the space between the walls, whereby the hot gas escaping through the orifices in the rings will raise the temperature of the cold gas escaping from the probe hole to prevent frosting and permit viewing of the printed circuit board under test for probing.

Abstract: Apparatus for measuring the speed of rotation of a wheel or the angular orientation thereof relative to a fixed point. A first portion of a transmitter unit is positioned along the periphery of the wheel and a second portion of the transmitter unit is positioned at a stationary location outside of the wheel. The two portions of the transmitter unit together from one or more lined screens which, when one is viewed through the other, create a moire interference pattern. Optical means are provided to read the interference pattern created as the wheel is moved to thereby determine the speed or angular orientation thereof.

Abstract: A high pressure electric arc tube discharge lamp utilizing low power input. he electrode spacing is less than 20 mm and the arc is electrode-stabilized. The arc tube is of isothermal design. The gas fill of the lamp contains a mixture of metal (i) iodides or (ii) iodides and bromides. The metal halides must include at least the halides of sodium and tin. Mercury is preferred as the buffer gas. When operating, the lamp has a low-color temperature, a luminous efficacy of 80 lms/W and a color-rendering index of about 75. It is suitable for use in interior lighting.

Abstract: A method of testing electronic networks in which an electron probe is moved from point to point in the network and a current of secondary electrons emitted in response to the impingement of the probe is converted to a signal denoting voltage or field strength at the various points. A scanning apparatus in which an electronic collector including grids in the path of the beam and an annular scintillator is described.

Abstract: In order to monitor the conduction cutoff phase angles of a plurality of controllable rectifiers arranged in two groups in a rectifier bridge, a signal proportional to the angle for each rectifier is stored in a respective sample and hold member after each occurrence of a positive blocking voltage at that rectifier, and the minimum of the currently stored signals is observed.

Abstract: A smoke detection apparatus is disclosed having a highly efficient ionization chamber. The ionization chamber is primarily formed by a wire mesh collector that readily admits products of combustion such as smoke into the chamber which has therein an alpha emitting, radioactive source and a selectable portion of a tuning screw. Two types of smoke detectors are shown utilizing the ionization chamber with one of the detectors operating from a conventional A.C. power source and the other being battery operated. The smoke detector utilizing the conventional A.C. power source requires no transformer and has the alarm indicating horn connected with the A.C. source with the horn being triggered by a silicon controlled rectifier connected with the radioactive source in the ionization chamber through a field effect transistor switch. A rectified and regulated D.C. voltage is provided to the wire mesh collector and to the field effect transistor switch.

Abstract: An electronic time-of-day metering system is disclosed for measuring electrical power by at least two different mechanical recording devices depending on the time-of-day and time of week in which the electrical power is being consumed. A conventional kilowatt hour meter includes a set of decade gear driven dials which register the kilowatt hours consumed on a continuous basis. At least one other set of decade gear driven dials is provided for registering the consumption of kilowatt hours during preselected peak power usage intervals. A single MOS integrated circuit controls the operation of the alternate set of decade gear driven dials. This circuit utilizes as its time base the 60 Hz line voltage derived from the energy distribution system being metered. A clock circuit generates timing signals for a clock control circuit which includes a circulatory memory which is preprogrammed to contain the times at which one or more alternate sets of dials are to be actuated.

Abstract: Related multiple characteristics of a single complex waveform are displayed as a variable length line of light with a floating spot which moves relative to the line. Logic circuitry, in response to an electrical input signal, causes energization of a plurality of the light emitters in response to the first input signal characteristic and the energization or extinguishing of a single light emitter in response to a second characteristic of the input signal.

Abstract: An X-ray generator which produces a beam of parallel substantially non-spreading radiation, the generator including a housing containing a tube having an envelope containing an X-ray generating target and an X-ray transmissive window, the target having a focal spot from which the useful X-rays are emitted which is located at the side of the tube remote from the window, and aperture means in the path of the beam either within the envelope or adjacent the housing for collimating the beam and shaping it to the desired cross-sectional configuration and for restricting beam divergence.

Abstract: A rotating anode x-ray source is disclosed having means by which to efficiently cool the electron beam target surface thereof. Energy is removed from the rotating anode target surface by a technique which includes liquid to vapor phase cooling.

Abstract: A pulsed solid state tunable laser comprises a Q-switched pump laser at kilohertz (kHz) pulse repetition frequencies and a non-centrosymmetric Raman crystal, such as lithium iodate (LiIO.sub.3), through which the pump beam is directed at an angle .theta. to the crystal optical axis. Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) occurs in the crystal to produce Stokes lines at substantial average output powers, which lines react with the pump signal in the nonlinear crystal at predetermined values of .theta. to generate second harmonics (SHG) and sum frequencies (SFG) of the pump and Stokes lines which constitute visible light outputs. Changing the value of .theta. by rotating the crystal, for example, permits the apparatus to be step-tuned to phasematch the signals and produce visible light outputs at a plurality of wavelengths.

Abstract: A brushless excitation system for a synchronous dynamoelectric machine includes an alternating current exciter and a rotating rectifier assembly. In such a system, the alternating current exciter includes a salient pole stator field member and a polyphase armature rotor member. A sensing coil is disposed around at least one of the salient stator poles for developing an alternating electrical signal in response to changes in the magnetic flux wave linking the rotating armature member and the field coil of the salient stator pole member. Means connected to the sensing coil indicates variations in the alternating current signal which correspond with disturbances in the rotary electric circuit of the brushless exciter such as a line-to-line short circuit or a phase-to-phase short circuit in the armature winding, or shorted diodes or open fuses in the rotating rectifier assembly.

Abstract: An x-ray tube is described including a focusing cup electrode coated with a high work function material, such as platinum or gold, to prevent the field emission of electrons from such cup. The method of applying the non-emitting coating is preferably sputtering or ion plating, but may also be electroplating followed by vacuum fusion in the case of gold or other low melting point metals.