Abstract: A process for the separation of phosphate minerals from a phosphate-carbonate ore, by flotation, wherein a phenol polymer such as a resol or a novolak, which improves the yield and selectivity of the phosphate minerals with respect to the carbonate minerals, is used in addition to a collector agent in the flotation.

Abstract: A beneficiated kaolin clay slurry is concentrated from a solids content of about 50% to 60% by weight to a solids content of at least 65% by weight by evaporating water therefrom by passing the aqueous clay slurry through one or more non-contact evaporated heat exchangers. The kaolin clay slurry is passed in indirect heat exchange relationship with a heating vapor, with the heating vapor comprising water vapor previously evaporated from the aqueous clay slurry.

Abstract: A twin-wire former for a paper machine which can produce paper of good formation over a wide range of basis weight and at a speed of wide variation essentially consisting of a top wire and a bottom wire. The bottom wire with a wet material thereon substantially horizontally travels. The top wire approaches the material from above and travels downward together with the bottom wire on the circumference of a supporting member provided in the loop of the bottom wire while pressing the material between the pair of wires. At the position of a force roll provided in the loop of the top wire, the pair of wires commence travelling upwardly through a suction box to a couch roll, where the pair of wires separate from each other. To adjust the wire contacting angle of the supporting member, and hence, to improve the formation of paper, each of a water receiver, the force roll and suction boxes and made movable.

Abstract: A method for producing a semiconductor light emitting device wherein a contact layer of InGaAsP is formed on a semiconductor layer, including forming the InGaAsP contact layer on the semiconductor layer; subsequently, forming an InP cover layer on the contact layer; cleaning the surface of the InP cover layer by a solution which selectively melts indium; and removing the InP cover layer by a selective etching process.

Abstract: A vacuum distillation system uses a tower having an open bottom submerged within a tank of solution exposed to atmospheric pressure. The solution within the tower is elevated to barometric level by a high vacuum or low absolute pressure on the tower top. As solution flows through the open bottom and upward, the solution is heated and then cooled to cause degasification and precipitation, and then withdrawn from the tower top. The treated solution is flowed to a vaporization chamber that is subjected to a low absolute pressure. A heater maintains the solution at a selected chamber temperature above the boiling point of water at the selected chamber pressure. The chamber pressure and temperature may be selected as desired to yield the purest water distillate for almost any solution of water and impurities. Water vapor is pumped from the vaporization chamber by a vapor pump to a condenser, where condensation results from increased pressure and decreased temperature.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an apparatus for deicing the exterior of a railway vehicle that uses heated air which is blown at a railway vehicle at 5-35 m/sec and subsequently recycled for reblowing.

Abstract: Apparatus for thickening, or de-watering, and refining fibre-pulpsuspensions include a screw-press thickener (1) and a refiner (2). In order to prevent air from entering the pulp and to provide a simpler arrangement, the outfeed end of the screw-press thickener (1) is connected directly to the infeed end of the refiner (2), therewith also to serve as an infeed screw to the refiner (2). In this respect the thickener (1) has a screening jacket (5) which embraces the screw (6). The screening jacket has at least one section which converges in the pulp feed direction, to achieve in the screw-press (1) a press effect required for de-watering the pulp while at the same time achieving the requisite reduction in diameter of the screening jacket (5) for connection to the refiner (2).

Abstract: A sorter for paper pulp suspension including a rotationally symmetrical wire cage and a rotor supporting a plurality of vanes for rotating about the interior of the cage for moving suspension through the wire cage, the vanes being non-uniformly spaced. An annular pulp chamber surrounds the screen for collecting the pulp. A suspension outlet at the bottom of the pulp chamber receives the pulp from the pulp chamber. The pulp chamber extends axially beyond the lower end of the wire cage. An annular damping chamber surrounds the lower end of the pulp chamber and flow from the pulp chamber to the pulp outlet is past the damping chamber. The damping chamber develops a pool of the suspension in it. A pressurized gas cushion above the pool of suspension in the damping chamber controls the level thereof and damps the motion of the pulp in the pulp chamber.

Abstract: A rack aligning fixture for aligning the racks of a rack and pinion mechanism is described. The rack alignment fixture permits the aligning of rack teeth faces of a rack and pinion mechanism at the time of assembly without having to provide additional machining of the individual parts in order to maintain the racks parallel with each other for proper mating of the rack teeth with the pinion gear teeth.

Abstract: A thin layer evaporator comprises a container forming a body, a container cover on the one side, a drive shaft projecting into the container from the opposite side, a rotor fixed to the drive shaft and which has one or more conically outwardly widening evaporator areas and whose evaporator chamber is connected to the body, as well as a heating chamber separated from the body. The starting product is fed to the inner periphery of the evaporator areas, spreads outwards therefrom in a thin film and the concentrate is removed on the outer periphery by means of a draw-off pipe. In order to be able to absorb dynamic forces in a vibration free manner, the drive shaft is partly constructed as a hollow shaft and is mounted on a fixed spindle projecting into the container and rotor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for converting a long tube vertical evaporator to a falling film evaporator in a manner which permits salvaging most of the long tube vertical evaporator structure. The bottom chamber of the existing evaporator is extended to define a flash chamber intermediate the existing heat exchanger chamber and the bottom chamber. A vapor riser conduit is provided for directing vapor from the flash chamber to the vapor separation chamber positioned above the heat exchanger chamber. A recirculation conduit is provided for directing liquid from the bottom chamber therethrough into a distribution chamber which is provided above and in communication with the upper ends of the heat exchange tubes positioned in the heat exchanger chamber. The distribution chamber is preferably provided with a plurality of spray nozzles which communicate with the recirculation conduit to evenly distribute a film of liquid downwardly through the heat exchange tubes.

Abstract: In the continuous vacuum forming of articles from a fibrous slurry, e.g. from paper pulp, a plurality of two-piece hinged moulds are mounted on a transport apparatus 1 which transports the moulds stepwise in a loop. The internal surfaces of the moulds are defined by wire gauze of mesh 107,109 and the moulds are connected to a source of suction.The moulds, with the suction applied, are moved through the fibrous slurry contained in a tank 43, whereupon fibres are deposited on the mesh 107,109, much of the water being drawn off by the suction. The mould passes through a drying station, where warm air is sucked through the mould, further drying the article.The transport apparatus 1 is movable pivotably about an axis 6 by means of a fluid-operated ram 25. At the top of the path, the mould and the article therein are lowered onto a pin 61, a plurality of which are situated on an endless conveyor 59.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon solutions containing iodine or iodine-containing impurities are rendered essentially color-free by distillation in the presence of small amounts of a hydrocarbon soluble organometallic compound.

Abstract: A safety system and method, for use with apparatus having a conductive member where the apparatus changes the attitude and/or altitude of the conductive member during the operation of the apparatus, includes an antenna mounted on the conductive member which senses an electric field and provides an AC signal representative of the strength of the electric field. The peaks of the AC signal are averaged over several cycles to provide an average peak signal. A reference signal circuit derives the reference signal from either the average peak signal prior to the change in the member's attitude and/or altitude or while the member's attitude and/or altitude is changing. A control device connected to the averaging circuit and to the reference signal circuit prevents further changing of the conductive member's attitude and/or altitude in accordance with the average peak signal and the reference signal when the electric field strength is greater than a safe value.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for regulating pressure in a wedge-shaped space between the wall of the headbox lip beam or the like and the breast roll. An arrangement is provided by which air jets are directed in a direction opposite to the direction in which the forming wire moves on the breast roll to eject air out of the wedge-shaped space to maintain the pressure induced therein at a desired level. The apparatus includes a blow box coupled to a source of pressurized air and the box having a wall in opposed relationship to the forming wire in which nozzle openings or slots are formed through which the air jets are directed. The blow box has a wider side which substantially closes the wedge-shaped space. Water jets are directed into the wedge-shaped space by water supply devices provided on the blow box for cleaning purposes.

Abstract: A multi-nip high pressure press is disclosed, which can be connected to double, longitudinal or circular strainer machines but where this press is a single machine, using an additional pressing segment including at least one pair of rollers of lesser diameters mounted in advance of a pair of compression rollers.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an anodic aluminum support system having an air bridge for metallic conductors. The method includes providing two or more metal layers separated by a coating of aluminum creating a multiple layer electrical interconnect system. The method includes the step of anodizing the aluminum and applying a photoresist mask to spaced portions of the top of the system. Thereafter, an etching solution is applied to the top of the system for removing the anodized aluminum, except for the portions covered by the mask, thereby providing a multilayer conductor system supported by pillars of anodic aluminum surrounded by low dielectric air.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for removing ink particles from an inked paper product which includes a conveyor for conveying the paper product along a path, the conveyor being constructed of a semi-permeable material that passes the ink particles while retaining the paper product. Vacuum boxes are positioned proximate to a first side of the conveyor for establishing a pressure differential across the conveyor and across a first segment of the path to draw the ink particles from the paper product through the conveyor. Shower heads on a second side of the conveyor directed a liquid toward the conveyor and on to the paper product as the paper product is advanced along the second segment of the path.

Abstract: The blowhead arrangement comprises a blowhead (18) and a support (10,12,16) therefor. The support defines a passage (50,52,54,56,58,60) through which a first supply of air under pressure can be supplied to the blowhead (18) and a passage (70,74) through which a second supply of air under pressure can be supplied to the blowhead. The first of the supplies of air is used to blow a glass parison in a mould cavity to the shape of the cavity when the blowhead (18) is in position on the glass parison. The second supply is used to cool the finish of the parison by impinging on the finish from openings (90) in the blowhead.

Abstract: Apparatus and method steps for collecting sub-micron sized particles include a collection chamber and cryogenic cooling. The cooling is accomplished by coil tubing carrying nitrogen in liquid form, with the liquid nitrogen changing to the gas phase before exiting from the collection chamber in the tubing. Standard filters are used to filter out particles of diameter greater than or equal to 0.3 microns; however the present invention is used to trap particles of less than 0.3 micron in diameter. A blower draws air to said collection chamber through a filter which filters particles with diameters greater than or equal to 0.3 micron. The air is then cryogenically cooled so that moisture and sub-micron sized particles in the air condense into ice on the coil. The coil is then heated so that the ice melts, and the liquid is then drawn off and passed through a Buchner funnel where the liquid is passed through a Nuclepore membrane.