Abstract: Disclosed are colorant compounds of the formula wherein R, R1, R2, R3, and R4 each, independently of the others, is an alkyl group, an aryl group, an arylalkyl group, or an alkylaryl group, and wherein R, R1, R2, R3, and R4 each can be joined to a phenyl moiety to form a ring, each R?a, R?b, and R?c, independently of the others, is a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a nitrile group, a nitro group, an amide group, or a sulfonamide group, z1, z2, and z3 each, independently of the others, is an integer of 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, n is an integer representing the number of carbon atoms in each repeat alkylene oxide unit, x is an integer representing the number of repeat alkylene oxide units, D is an anion, and g is the charge on the anion, wherein said colorant has no more than one —OH, —SH, or primary or secondary amino group per molecule.

Abstract: Compounds which are capable of generating acid on photolysis are disclosed, and the uses of these compounds, especially for deprotecting the termini of nucleic acid molecules or peptides during synthesis of arrays. The compounds described herein may be employed in the detritylation of 5?-O-dimethoxytrityl (DMT) protected nucleotides by photolysing the compounds to generate an acid capable of removing the DMT group allowing oligonucleotide arrays to be synthesised using readily available 5?-O-DMT-nucleoside-3?-O-phosphoramidite monomers conventionally used in solid phase nucleic acid synthesis. A method of avoiding the effects of stray light in projection lithography techniques is also disclosed.

Abstract: Rubber composition intended for the manufacture of tire casings which have improved hysteretic properties and scorch safety, based on at least one elastomer and silica by way of reinforcing filler enclosing a reinforcing additive consisting of the mixture and/or the product of in situ reaction of at least one functionalized polyorganosiloxane compound containing, per molecule, at least one functional siloxy unit capable of bonding chemically and/or physically to the surface hydroxyl sites of the silica particles and at least one functionalized organosilane compound containing, per molecule, at least one functional group capable of bonding chemically and/or physically to the polyorganosiloxane and/or the hydroxyl sites of the silica particles and at least one other functional group capable of bonding chemically and/or physically to the polymer chains.

Abstract: A silicon compound represented by Formula (1). In Formula (1), R1 is a group independently selected respectively from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, alkyl, substituted or non-substituted aryl and substituted or non-substituted arylalkyl, and A1 is an organic group substituted with a halogenated sulfonyl group and is preferably a group represented by Formula (2). In Formula (2), X is halogen; R2 is alkyl; a is an integer of 0 to 2; and Z1 is a single bond or alkylene having a carbon number of 1 to 10. The silicon compound provided by the present invention is a silsesquioxane derivative having an excellent living polymerizable radical polymerization initiating function. For example, it is possible to commence polymerization by allowing an acryl base monomer to coexist to form an acryl base polymer making use of one point of the structure of the silsesquioxane in the present invention as a starting point.

Abstract: An organic silicon compound, having high reactivity, represented by the following Formula (1): wherein R and M are defined in the specification. The organic silicon compound is produced by reacting polysilsesquioxane, which is obtained by hydrolyzing a silane compound having three hydrolyzable groups and represented by the following Formula (2), with a monovalent alkaline metal hydroxide in an organic solvent, or by subjecting the silane compound having three hydrolyzable groups to hydrolysis and polycondensation in the presence of an organic solvent and an alkaline metal hydroxide: R—Si X3??(2) wherein R is the same as in Formula (1) and X represents a hydrolyzable group.

Abstract: A sulfide chain-bearing organosilicon compound having the average compositional formula: (R1O)(3-p)(R2)pSi—R3—S—(R4—Sm)q—R4—S—R3—Si(OR1)(3-p)(R2)p is prepared at low costs and in high yields by reacting a halogen-terminated organosilicon compound having the formula: (R1O)(3-p)(R2)pSi—R3—S—R4—X, sulfur, and optionally a halide having the formula: X—R4—X with an aqueous solution or dispersion of a sulfide M2S or hydrate thereof in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst. R1 and R2 are monovalent C1-4 hydrocarbon groups, R3 and R4 are divalent C1-10 hydrocarbon groups, m has an average value of 2-6, p is 0, 1 or 2, q is 1, 2 or 3, X is halogen, and M is ammonium or alkali metal.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an N-aryl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl chloride represented by Formula (2): the process comprising the step of reacting in an organic solvent a tertiary amine, a 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-arylacetamide represented by Formula (1): and at least one member selected from the group consisting of phosphorus oxychloride and diphenyl chlorophosphate; and a process for producing a 1-aryl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-tetrazole represented by Formula (4): the process comprising the step of reacting in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, in the presence of an amine salt, an N-aryl-2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl chloride represented by Formula (2) shown above and an azide.

Abstract: Preparation of (S)-2-[[3-[N-[4-[(4-fluorophenoxy)phenyl]methyl]carbamoyl]-4-methoxyphenyl]methyl]butanoic acid (referred to as compound (I)) on an industrial scale lies in the finding of crystals homogeneous and excellent in the stability and the establishment of a preparative process thereof. Novel crystals of compound (I) homogeneous and excellent in the stability characterized by exhibiting the diffraction angles (2?) at at least 17.7°, 19.0° and 24.1° in the X-ray powder diffraction are provided by recrystallizing from an alcoholic solvent and purifying by acid-base treatment.

Abstract: A 1-(alkoxysilyl)ethyl-1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane is prepared by adding a vinyl-containing alkoxysilane in portions to 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane in the presence of a rhodium compound, and effecting reaction.

Abstract: A process is provided for preparing optionally substituted arylated benzylamines from the corresponding optionally substituted aryl halides and optionally substituted benzylamines using a specific solvent mixture, a base and a catalyst comprising a palladium compound and a bisaryldialkylphosphine.

Abstract: Hexafluoroisobutylene and its higher homologs are easily reacted with SO3 to give fluorosulfates of the formula CH2?C(R)CF2OSO2F, wherein R is a linear, branched or cyclic fluoroalkyl group comprised of 1 to 10 carbon atoms and may contain ether oxygen. These compounds react under mild conditions with many nucleophiles to give CH2?C(R)CF2X, where X is derived from the nucleophile. This reaction provides a route to many substituted hexafluoroisobutylenes, which copolymerize easily with other fluoro- and hydrocarbon monomers such as vinylidene fluoride and ethylene.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate by the esterification of terephthalic acid with 2-ethylhexanol at elevated temperature and pressure while the water of reaction is removed from the reaction mixture.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the N-demethylation or the N- and O-demethylation of a thebaine derivative which process comprises fermenting the derivative with a biocatalyst selected from the filamentous fungi from Cunninghamella dalmatica NRRL 1394, Cunninghamella echinulata NRRL 1387, Cunninghamella echinulata NRRL 1384, Cunninghamella echinulata ATCC 36190, Cunninghamella echinulata ATCC 11585a, Cunninghamella echinulata ATCC 9244, Cunninghamella polymorpha NRRL 1395, or Rhizopus nigricans Z5/1 in a basal fermentation medium at a temperature of at least 25° C. and not more than 34° C., for a period of time of at least 3 days.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for producing tolterodine of the formula (1) or its salt, which comprises a step reacting a compound of the formula (2) with a base to obtain a reaction product; a step reacting the reaction product with a compound of the formula (3) to obtain a compound of the formula (4); and a step eliminating the protective group from the compound of the formula (4), and also provides a process for producing the compound of the formula (3).

Abstract: A process for the preparation of organoalkoxysilanes containing one or more organic functional groups derived from organic acids or hydrogen cyanates, by a continuous or batch process utilizing a solid guanidinium salt as a phase transfer catalyst for the reaction between a liquid phase haloalkylalkoxysilane and a solid phase alkali or alkaline earth metal salt or ammonium salt of an organic acid or a metal cyanate.

Abstract: A method for preparation of an iodoalkylalkoxysilane includes contacting a haloalkylmethoxysilane with an alcohol in the presence of a protic acid to form a haloalkylalkoxysilane. The haloalkylalkoxysilane is contacted with an iodide to form the iodoalkylalkoxysilane. The iodoalkylalkoxysilane can be used as a chemical intermediate in the preparation of functional aryl amine molecules which have application in the formation of thin films for photoreceptors.

Abstract: Methods are provided for carrying out nucleophilic addition reactions using oxo, sulfido or amido complexes of transition metals as reaction catalysts. Exemplary catalysts are oxo complexes of Group 7 transition metals, with rhenium (V) oxo complexes, including dioxo complexes, preferred. Nucleophilic addition reactions that can be catalyzed using the present methods include silylation, hydrosilylation, hydroamination, silylmetalation, carbometalation, aldol reactions, hydro- and carbometalation initiated cyclization/polymerization, and epoxide/aziridine opening. The invention also pertains to novel transition metal complexes that have utility in catalyzing such reactions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at substituted heteroaryl- and phenylsulfamoyl compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and the use of such compounds as peroxisome proliferator activator receptor (PPAR) agonists. PPAR alpha activators, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds and the use of such compounds to elevate certain plasma lipid levels, including high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and to lower certain other plasma lipid levels, such as LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides and accordingly to treat diseases which are exacerbated by low levels of HDL cholesterol and/or high levels of LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, such as atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, in mammals, including humans. The compounds are also useful for the treatment of negative energy balance (NEB) and associated diseases in ruminants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ?-[2-(polyalkyleneoxy)ethylthio]alkylalkoxysilane derivative and a preparation method thereof, more particularly to a ?-[2-(polyalkyleneoxy)ethylthio]alkylalkoxysilane derivative prepared by transforming a (?-mercaptoalkyl)alkylalkoxysilane compound into a ?-(alkoxysilyl)alkylthiolate metal salt by treating it with a metallic base and performing dehalometallation at low reaction temperature using a poly(alkyleneoxy)alkyl ether halide or a poly(alkyleneoxy)bis(haloalkyl) ether to form a carbon-sulfur bond and a preparation method thereof. The novel compound of the present invention has not only a Si—OR bond but also contains a sulfur atom in the molecule, so that it can be used as monomer for synthesizing hydrophilic functional silicon polymers, source material of silicon-based surfactants and surface modifier of organic/inorganic materials.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of tertiary amines by reaction of secondary amines with aromatics or heteroaromatics in the presence of a base, a nickel or palladium compound and one or several phosphines, dialkoxy-, and/or diaryloxyphosphines in an inert solvent. Aromatic or heteroaromatics of this type play an important role in industry as reagents or intermediates for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals and in diverse fine and electronics chemicals, above all in the rapidly growing field of organic semi-conductors, in particular in organic or polymeric light diodes, organic solar cells and organic ICs.