Abstract: The present invention relates to a cyclosporin analog of the following formula (I) or a pro-drug or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: In particular, residue A maybe represented by either formula A1 or A2 as illustrated below: where X and Y are defined herein. In a second embodiment, the present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising pro-drugs or pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of the present invention and the use thereof for treating autoimmune diseases or for the prevention of organ transplantation rejection in a subject. In a third embodiment, the present invention relates to processes for the production of novel cyclosporin analogs of the present invention.

Abstract: Novel antifreeze polypeptides which can be easily obtained from an abundant natural source. Antifreeze polypeptides obtained from carrots show markedly better properties as compared to polypeptides obtained from other vegetables. The antifreeze polypeptides of the invention are capable of providing good recrystallization inhibition properties without significantly changing the crystal shape of the ice-crystals, therewith possibly leading to more favorable properties, e.g., soft ice-cream.

Abstract: There is disclosed a novel genus of small peptides, much smaller than human TGF&agr;, was discovered as having TGF&agr; biological activity and therefore are useful as pharmacologic agents for the same indications as full length TGF&agr; polypeptide. There is further disclosed that TGF&agr; and consequently the genus of small peptides disclosed herein, was found to have therapeutic activity to stimulate hematopoiesis in patients undergoing cytotoxic cancer chemotherapy and to act as a cytoprotective agent to protect a patient undergoing cancer cytotoxic therapy from gastrointestinal (GI) side effects, such as mucositis and otherwise support the barrier function of the GI tract when it is harmed by cytotoxic therapy.

Abstract: Provided is a compressed anti-solvent technique for manufacture of insulin-containing powders for pulmonary delivery. The insulin is processed in a cosolvent system including two or more mutually soluble organic solvents. Also provided are powders manufacturable by the manufacture method, including powders of substantially pure insulin and powders including a biocompatible polymer for pulmonary sustained insulin release applications. Also provided are packaged products including insulin-containing powder in a container that is receivable by and operable with a dry powder inhaler to produce an aerosol including dispersed insulin-containing particles when the inhaler is actuated.

Abstract: Novel bacterial insecticidal proteins and equivalents thereof were isolated. These proteins and the DNA sequences encoding them are useful to make insecticidal compositions or transgenic plants to protect plants from damage by insects, particularly coleopteran insects.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer.

Abstract: A method for the production of a polypeptide, the method comprising culturing, under conditions which allow for the expression of DNA encoding SEQ ID NO:2 in an eukaryotic host cell, wherein the DNA is in vector pPHOEBE-40-7, and optionally isolating the polypeptide from the culture, is described. A polypeptide obtained by such method and a pharmaceutical composition comprising the polypeptide also are described. A composition for diagnosing anemia comprising such polypeptide and a method of treating anemia caused by lack of erythropoietin also are described.

Abstract: A compound and method for using compound-D SEQ ID NO:1 to reduce injury associated with ischemia and reperfusion of mammalian organs such as the heart. The compound may be administered as part of a preconditioning strategy which reduces the extent of injury and improves organ function following cessation and restoration of blood flow. The compound may be used in preparation for planned ischemia or in a prophylactic manner in anticipation of further ischemic events.

Abstract: An isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding the cocoon silk protein from the black fly, Simulium vittatum. Also provided are the amino acid sequence derived from the cocoon silk, primers used to screen cDNA libraries to promote the building of a complimentary strand of DNA encoding the cocoon silk protein, a transformed microorganism containing cDNA which codes for cocoon silk protein, the amino acid sequence translated from the isolated gene of the cocoon silk (deduced from nucleotide sequence), primers for constructing a segment of recombinant DNA.

Abstract: The subject invention provides materials and methods for controlling pests. In a preferred embodiment the pests are agricultural pests and, in particular, insect pests. Specifically exemplified herein are materials and methods for the control of insect larvae.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer.

Abstract: The instant invention involves the use of a combination of preparatory steps in conjunction with mass spectroscopy and time-of-flight detection procedures to maximize the diversity of biopolymers which are verifiable within a particular sample. The cohort of biopolymers verified within such a sample is then viewed with reference to their ability to evidence at least one particular disease state; thereby enabling a diagnostician to gain the ability to characterize either the presence or absence of said at least one disease state relative to recognition of the presence and/or the absence of said biopolymer.

Abstract: A medicament for treating a renal disease, comprising a therapeutically effective amount of an activin inhibitor as an active ingredient. Also, a method for treating a renal disease, comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an activin inhibitor to a patient suffering from renal disease is disclosed. The activin inhibitor may be follistatin, an anti-activin antibody, an inhibitor to activin receptor or an anti-activin receptor antibody, an inhibitor to signal transduction relating to activin receptor, an activin production inhibitor in kidney, and the like.