Abstract: A directly heated cathode for electron tube having a stable electron emission characteristic is provided. The cathode comprises a base metal of Ni-W alloy consisting essentially of 20-30% by weight of tungsten, the balance being nickel and incidental impurities, said alloy being free from a reducing agent, and a layer of thermoelectron emission oxides laid directly and baked onto the flat part at the front side of the base metal. The layer of thermoelectron emission oxides is in direct contact with the flat part of the base metal.

Abstract: A compact flourescent lamp assembly includes a triple bend lamp and a first housing including a ballast and a screw-in base for use with an incandescent fixture. A second housing, attached to the lamp, includes a glow switch and starting capacitor. The triple bend lamp is fabricated from a previously completed elongate lamp.

Abstract: An electron gun for a shaped beam type electron beam delineating system is provided with a cathode which is prepared from a single crystal of lanthanum hexaboride (LaB.sub.6) the convex end portion of which has a tip radius ranging between 260 and 1,000 microns. The electron gun of the invention has a long effective life for producing a stable electron beam which can irradiate a limiting aperture with a uniform current density and insures the sufficiently high brightness of the electron beam image projected on a target.

Abstract: An aiming post light for artillery and mortar operations at night wherein an ordinary GI flashlight may be used, without modification, as a post light when mounted on a support and wherein its original ordinary lightbulb is replaced with a novel bulb of same base outer configuration in which the bulb has encapsulated solid state circuitry to provide a blinking and/or steady light emitting diode (LED) as the light source. Depending upon the particular LED and circuitry selected, the light may be continuous or intermittent and may be a selected color. In one embodiment several options are available when using a single bulb.

Abstract: The electrode is circular in configuration, with a central opening, so that it has inner and outer rims. The electrode structure comprises a plurality of spiral-shaped vanes of conducting material which are separated by relatively thin slit-like openings. The spiral vanes begin at an inner boundary which is close to the inner rim of the electrode and rotate approximately one-half turn to the outer rim of the electrode. A portion of the electron beam, which is typically produced from a cathode energized by a high voltage source, strikes the electrode near the central opening, and travels along the vanes of the electrode to ground, thereby establishing a plurality of spiral current paths in the electrode. These spiral currents create a magnetic field about the center of the anode in the region of the electron beam, focusing the remainder of electron beam through the opening in the electrode.

Abstract: A metal vapor discharge lamp comprises main electrodes and an auxiliary electrode in an arc tube to initiate the discharge between the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode at the initiation of the operation and then to result the discharge between the main electrodes by disconnection of the auxiliary electrode by a bimetallic switch means. A second bimetallic switch means which delays the operation from that of the first bimetal, is connected in series to the first bimetallic switch means so as to discharge in a circuit formed in an outer bulb to break a part of the circuit and to prevent a ballast from overheating.

Abstract: The edge effect elimination and beam forming device uses a field effect electron emitter with a conductive material disposed over selected portions of the emitting fibers of the emitter, in electrical contact with the fibers, and in the same plane as the fiber emitting points for eliminating electron emission in the area where the conductive material is placed. For edge effect elimination the conductive material is placed over the outer emitting fibers in a continuous path or ring. For additional beam shaping other segments or sections of the emitter surface may have conductive material deposited thereon to eliminate emission from that area, thereby shaping the beam emitted from the uncovered emitting points.

Abstract: A high pressure metal vapor discharge lamp according to the present invention comprises the following first and second starting aid circuits mounted within an outer envelope. The first starting aid circuit includes a starting aid and a first thermal switch, and the second starting aid circuit includes a resistive element and a second thermal switch. These two thermal switches are arranged so that at the time of re-starting after a certain period of stopping, the first thermal switch is reset earlier than the second thermal switch. In this high pressure metal vapor discharge lamp having this specific structure, the starting characteristic is improved, and a high voltage pulse generated by the second starting aid circuit and a ballast is assuredly absorbed by an arc tube and occurrence of dielectric breakdown in the respective elements can be completely prevented.

Abstract: A timing circuit is provided for the headlights of an automotive vehicle to maintain the headlights in an illuminated condition for an adjustable, predetermined time after the vehicle ignition is turned off. The timing circuit is housed in an enclosed casing that includes an access port that allows insertion of a tool to effectuate timing adjustment. The casing includes a locking mechanism for immobilizing insulated electrical wires relative to the casing at locations displaced from the contact terminations of those wires.

Abstract: An arc discharge device such as a fluorescent lamp comprising an outer envelope having an inner phosphor coating. A rotating field magnetic arc spreading device is disposed in close proximity to the envelope at each end of the lamp envelope. The envelope has a circular cross section.

Abstract: An improved operation shunt for series connected incandescent-type lamps is disclosed utilizing a novel shunt material composition comprising an admixture of conductive metal particulates, an inorganic binder, and conductive non-metallic particulates and which is adhesively bonded to an insulative bead member interconnecting the spaced apart lamp inleads.

Abstract: A low volume, lightweight, high voltage electron gun having an overall size and weight of approximately 50% the size and weight of a conventional electron gun of the same output. This is accomplished by interposing between the cathode and the walls of the housing of the electron gun a thin piece of dielectric material of preselected breakdown strength. The dielectric material is in direct contact with both the cathode and the housing of the electron gun, with the voltage stress between the walls of the housing and the cathode being such that it does not exceed the breakdown strength of the dielectric material.

Abstract: A circuit for starting and ballasting a compact high intensity arc discharge lamp, and for preventing failure of the arc discharge. A filament connected in series with the arc lamp provides illumination during arc start-up and functions as a ballast during normal arc operation. An oscillatory starting circuit supplies starting voltage to the arc lamp until an operating arc is established. The circuit includes a "keep-alive" feature which prevents the arc from extinguishing during power fluctuations.

Abstract: A magnetron unit is provided with anode cylinder with a number of vanes defining resonance cavities, and a cathode disposed along the axis of the anode cylinder. An axial interaction space into which a magnetic field is developed is disposed between the vanes and the cathode. Provided is a pair of main pole pieces with the interaction space located therebetween to supply the magnetic field into the interaction space. Permanent magnet members are magnetically coupled with the pair of the main pole pieces for supplying magnetic energy to the main pole pieces. The permanent magnet members are magnetically coupled with each other by a yoke. Auxiliary pole pieces are disposed at the top ends of the main pole pieces at a given interval. The auxiliary pole pieces are supported by bimetal members fixed to them. When the temperature of the permanent magnet member, the bimetallic members rises moves the auxiliary pole pieces toward the interaction space.

Abstract: A focusing device for an electron tube is constituted by alternating magnets and pole pieces in the form of washers, which are fixed against one another in such a way as to form a cylinder surrounding the envelope of the tube and being of the same axis as the latter, the electron beam propagating along said axis. The magnetized washers have a central hole and are interrupted over part of their circumference by an opening permitting their fitting between the pole pieces previously fixed to the envelope.

Abstract: A starting circuit for gas discharge lamps, such as fluorescent lamps, includes a relay coil controllable switch. A rectifier-multiplier has its input connectable to the alternating-current mains via the controllable switch. A polarity-reversing switch is coupled to an output from the rectifier-multiplier for supplying direct-current to electrodes of at least one gas discharge lamp. Devices responsive to energization of the mains effect reversal of the polarity-reversing switch upon each energization of the mains. A time-delay relay responsive to each energization of the mains effects the closing of the relay coil controllable switch subsequent to each polarity-reversing action of the polarity-reversing switch.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp of high brightness and compact size is provided by forming the envelope from vitreous tubing that is bent upon itself in such a manner that the envelope has either five or seven U-shaped sections which are disposed in tridimensional array and define a single convoluted discharge channel. The U-shaped sections are so oriented that the tubular legs of the U's are positioned in side-by-side columnar relationship with each other and the sealed ends of the tubing are located adjacent one another. The lamp thus has an arc length that is more than six or eight times as long as the overall height dimension of the convoluted envelope and generates light in a very efficient manner.

Abstract: A reset circuit used for resetting, for example a memory device after a reading-out from a memory is effected, comprises fist and second reset transistors, for connecting first and second circuits to a common voltage source, and a short-circuit transistor, having a lower threshold voltage than the threshold voltage of said first and second reset transistors, for connecting said first and second circuits when said short circuit transistor receives the same input signal as supplied to said first and second reset transistors.

Abstract: An X-ray tube including a tubular envelope having therein an anode target provided with a surface portion made of X-ray emissive material and with another surface portion coated with amorphous carbon material, and an electron emitting cathode disposed to beam electrons onto the surface portion of the target made of X-ray emissive material.

Abstract: A MOS latch circuit is provided which has a fast response and is sensitive to low level input clock signals. The latch circuit has two load devices which are connected to a pair of cross-coupled transistors. A controllable current source is used to control the current flow through the cross-coupled pair of transistors. A first coupling transistor is connected between the input of the cross-coupled pair of transistors and a second controllable current source. A second coupling transistor is connected between a second input of the cross-coupled pair of transistors and to the second controllable current source. The first and second coupling transistors are enabled by input data signals to the latch circuit while the first and second controllable current sources are controlled by clock signals.