Abstract: The present invention relates to a preservative efficacy-enhancing agent capable of allowing an antiseptic agent to exhibit a high preservative efficacy even when the antiseptic agent is used at a low concentration; a preservative efficacy-enhancing composition containing the same; and a method for enhancing a preservative efficacy of antiseptic agents. The present invention relates to: (1) a preservative efficacy-enhancing agent for antiseptic agents which includes an amphiphilic galactose derivative (A) as an effective ingredient; (2) a preservative efficacy-enhancing composition including 0.01 to 30% by mass of an amphiphilic galactose derivative (A) and 0.01 to 1.0% by mass of an antiseptic agent (B); and (3) a method for enhancing a preservative efficacy of an antiseptic composition which includes the step of allowing 0.01 to 30% by mass of an amphiphilic galactose derivative (A) to coexist with an antiseptic agent (B) in the composition.

Abstract: A method for neutralizing or inactivating a virus, and neutralizing or inactivating HIV using sophorolipids having antiviral properties produced by synthesizing the sophorolipid by fermentation of Candida bombicola in a fermentation media to form a natural mixture of lactonic sophorolipids compounds and non-lactonic sophorolipids compounds and utilizing the natural mixture as an antiviral agent, and/or separating the lactonic sophorolipids from the natural mixture to form a lactonic fraction and mixing all remaining fractions to form a non-lactonic fraction and utilizing the lactonic fraction and/or the non-lactonic fraction as an antiviral agent, and sophorolipid compounds for use as antiviral agents.

Abstract: Pharmaceutical combinations comprising a beta-3 adrenergic receptor agonist and a muscarinic receptor antagonist, and methods for their use are disclosed. Disclosed combinations include solabegron and oxybutynin. Methods of using the pharmaceutical combinations for the treatment of one or more symptoms associated with overactive bladder, for example, frequency of urgency, nocturia, and urinary incontinence, are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to an extract obtained from a plant of the genus Odontoglossum of the family Orchidaceae, or from a plant derived from a hybrid plant of the genus Odontoglossum and the genus Cochlioda, to a method for preparing the extract, and to an external agent for skin comprising the extract.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dextran functionalized by at least one hydrophobic alpha-amino acid radical, said alpha-amino acid being grafted or bonded to the dextran by a bonding arm and a functional group. A hydrophobic amino acid radical is understood as being the product of coupling between the amine of the amino acid and an acid carried by the bonding arm, said dextran being amphiphilic at neutral pH. In an embodiment, the hydrophobic amino acid is selected from tryptophan derivatives, such as tryptophan, tryptophanol, tryptophanamide, 2-indole ethyl-amine and their alkaline cation salts. The present invention relates also to a pharmaceutical composition comprising one of the dextrans according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides glycorandomized structures and combinatorial methods for rapidly generating a diverse library of glycorandomized structures, comprising incubating one or more aglycons and a pool of NDP-sugars in the presence of a glycosyltransferase. The glycosyltransferase may be one that is associated with or involved in production of natural secondary metabolites, or one which is putatively associated with or involved in production of natural secondary metabolites. The glycosyltransferase may show significant flexibility with respect to its NDP-sugar donors and/or its aglycons. NDP-sugar donors may be commercially available, or may be produced by utilizing mutant or wild type nucleotidyltransferases significant flexibility with respect to their substrates.

Abstract: The invention provides a composition containing hyaluronic acid (HA) or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof preserved with a cationic preservative and related methods. In one embodiment, the pharmaceutically-acceptable salt is sodium hyaluronate. In another embodiment, the cationic preservative includes benzalkonium chloride (BAK).

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method of synthesizing sucrose-6-acetic ester, comprising the following steps: adding sucrose into a polar aprotic solvent, and stirring the solvent to dissolve it, then generate a suspension solution of sucrose; adding a acetylation agent acetylnitrile into said suspension solution and stirring the solution; adding water into the aforesaid reaction solution, and then concentrating it to generate a concentrated product; adding a crystalline solvent into the concentrated product, stirring to dissolve it, and depositing for crystallization, then filtering and drying it to get a product of sucrose-6-acetic ester. The benefit of the present invention is that the method of synthesizing sucrose-6-acetic ester has simple operation, mild reaction condition, high selectivity, high yield, and is suitable for industrial production.

Abstract: Preparations of low molecular weight heparins (LMWHs) having improved properties, e.g., properties that provide a clinical advantage, are provided herein. Methods of making and using such preparations as well as methods of analyzing starting materials, processing, intermediates and final products in the production of such LMWH preparations are provided.

Abstract: Polysaccharide preparations lacking substantial anticoagulant activity are provided herein. Methods of making and using such preparations are provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel synthetic derivatives of ?-glycolipids and uses thereof as immunomodulators. More particularly, the invention relates to synthetic derivatives of ?-glycolipids, specifically, the compounds of any one of Formula I, II III and IV or any mixture or combination thereof, and particularly the ALIB-97 (Formula II) derivative and uses thereof for the treatment of different pathologic disorders, particularly, immune-related hepatic disorders and pathologies associated with the metabolic syndrome.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the 18-membered macrocyclic antimicrobial agents called Tiacumicins, specifically, OPT-80 (which is composed almost entirely of the R-Tiacumicin B), pharmaceutical compositions comprising OPT-80, and methods using OPT-80. In particular, this compound is a potent drug for the treatment of bacterial infections, specifically C. difficile infections.

Abstract: The present invention describes compositions and methods for synthetic analogues and derivatives of ?-glycolipids. These analogues and derivatives may be used for the treatment, amelioration or prevention of a pathological disorder. They may also be used for the modulation of the Th1/Th2 cell balance toward an anti-inflammatory or pro-inflammatory response, resulting in the treatment, amelioration or prevention of immune-related disorders.

Abstract: The present invention embraces nutraceutical compositions containing isolated Bacteroides fragilis capsular polysaccharide A for use in methods of preventing or treating multiple sclerosis.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions and methods to reduce renal damage caused by nephrotoxic drugs. The invention provides compositions comprising an anionically substituted cyclodextrin, a nephrotoxic drug and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, where the cyclodextrin is present in an amount effective for substantially inhibiting the nephrotoxic effect of the drug.

Abstract: Polysaccharide preparations lacking substantial anticoagulant activity are provided herein. Methods of making and using such preparations are provided.

Abstract: Gaseous nitric oxide (NO) can be delivered to a mammal for prophylactic or therapeutic purposes using a composition capable of delivering NO, comprising a compound capable of forming a reversible bond or association with NO. Methods for the manufacture and use of said composition are disclosed.

Abstract: An oral composition for increasing equol production by inner-intestinal bacteria, wherein such composition contains difructose anhydride as an active ingredient to activate the equol production function of inner-intestinal bacteria.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein X1 and X2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl-protecting group; Y represents a C7-20 aralkyl group which may optionally have one or more substituents selected from a halogen atom, a lower alkyl group or a lower alkoxy group; and Z represents a halogen atom, a C1-4 alkylthio, or an arylthio group, or its corresponding sulfoxide group.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for modifying carbohydrates using hydroxyl radicals. The hydroxyl radicals may be formed by the photolysis of peroxide in aqueous solution using UV light. Also disclosed are compositions and products comprising carbohydrates modified by the process.