Abstract: The present invention is concerned with antiretroviral (e.g. anti-HIV-1) compounds having the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each independently are halo or methyl; R.sup.3 is hydrogen, halo, nitro or trifluoromethyl; R.sup.4 is trifluoromethyl or methylcarbonyl; or a radical --C(.dbd.X)--NR.sup.5 R.sup.6 wherein X is O or S, and R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 each independently are hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl; or a radical --Alk--R.sup.7, wherein Alk is C.sub.1-4 alkanediyl; and R.sup.7 is hydrogen or hydroxy; Het is a heterocyclic radical of formula: ##STR2## Pharmaceutical compositions containing said compounds of formula (I) and processes of preparing said compounds and compositions.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a pigment dispersant composition for use with inorganic pigments in coating compositions. The dispersant composition includes a vinyl or acrylic copolymer and a transition metal or rare earth metal salt. The metal salt in combination with the copolymer is useful with inorganic pigment as it lowers the viscosity of the pigment dispersions, thus allowing a higher concentration of pigment in the dispersion and consequently providing dispersions with higher non-volatile content and higher pigment to binder ratios. The presence of the metal salts in the dispersant composition when used with surface coated metal flake pigment provides excellent corrosion reduction of the metal pigment, indicated by the reduction or elimination of hydrogen gassing by the pigment in a coating composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a group of organic chelators whose affinity for calcium ion in solution is decreased by electromagnetic radiation. Specifically, the chelators are related to fura-2 and utilize the addition of an azide group to the 3-position of the benzofuron ring of a fura-2 type structure. Photolysis of the azide group causes the calcium ion affinity to decrease 100 to 1000 fold. These chelators when incorporated into rat fibroblasts either by microinjection or by incubation as the membrane-permeable, enzymatically-labile esters and flash-photolyzed cause large increases in intracellular free calcium ion. These chelators are used to generate controlled fast elevation of intracellular free calcium ion concentration to mimic or modulate a number of important cellular responses, especially in nerve or muscle.

Abstract: A polymer and method of controlling corrosion and the formation and deposition of scale imparting compounds in water systems is disclosed. The polymer has the general structure: ##STR1## wherein E.sup.1 comprises the repeat unit obtained after polymerization of one or more .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated monomers, selected from the group consisting of a carboxylic 3acid, lower alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) ester or a hydroxylated lower alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.6) ester of such carboxylic acid, and amide forms thereof; E.sup.2 comprises the repeat unit obtained after polymerization of one or more .alpha., .beta. ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a sulfonic acid functionality; R.sup.1 is a hydrogen or a lower (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3) alkyl; R.sup.2 is --CH.sub.2 -- O--or --C(.dbd.O)--O--; R.sup.3 is --(--CH.sub.2 --CH(--CH.sub.2 --OH)--O--)--.sub.n ; n is an integer greater than 1; and R.sup.

Abstract: Taurine analogues are used for scavenging active oxygen compounds and preventing and minimizing damage to the skin from ultraviolet rays. The taurine analogues have the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A process for producing liquid and, optionally, gaseous products from gaseous reactants comprises feeding gaseous reactants into a slurry bed of solid particles suspended in a liquid; allowing the reactants to react as they pass upwardly through the slurry bed, thereby to form liquid and, optionally, gaseous products; and separating liquid product from the solid particles by passing, in a filtration zone within the slurry bed, liquid product through a filtration medium in a first direction, so that a cake of the solid particles forms on the filtration medium. The passage of liquid product through the filtering medium is interrupted. The filtering medium is then backflushed by passing a flushing fluid through the filtering medium in a second direction, opposite to the first direction, for at least portions of the periods that the liquid product passage is interrupted, thereby to dislodge the cake from the filtering medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method, comprising the steps of:introducing into a well borehole a composition, comprising water, an acid, and (A) at least one reaction product of (A-1) at least one hydrocarbyl-substituted carboxylic acylating agent selected from the group consisting of a dicarboxylic acylating agent, a succinic acylating agent, a Dieis-Alder diacid, a dimer acid acylating agent, a tricarboxylic acylating agent, a polycarboxylic acylating agent, or mixtures thereof, and (A-2) at least one amine-terminated polyoxyalkylene or (A-3) at least one hydroxy-terminated polyoxyalkylene having a number average molecular weight from about 600 to about 30,000, or a mixture of said (A-2) amine-terminated polyoxyalkylenes and (A-3) hydroxy-terminated polyoxyalkylenes. The reaction product (A) may be used alone, or in combination with one or more surfactants.

Abstract: There is disclosed a class of inhibitors for mono- and diammonium phosphates which are water soluble and effective at small concentrations rendering the phosphates acceptable in most utilities without separation of the inhibitor. The class of inhibitors are water soluble alkali metal phosphate salts selected from sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium potassium tripolyphosphate, sodium acid pyrophosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate, trisodium phosphate, disodium phosphate and monosodium phosphate. Effective amounts of these salts range from about 0.025 percent to about 0.3 percent by weight in the ammonium phosphates. It is particularly advantageous that these salts are useful in both types of ammonium phosphates.

Abstract: This invention relates to compositions containing improved granulated hexabromocyclododecane flame retardant products, flame retardant formulations containing products, and to a process for forming the improved granulated flame retardant products, wherein the granulated product is characterized as having a friability loss of less than about 8 percent.

Abstract: The present invention provides corrosion inhibiting compositions and methods whereby protective coatings are formed on metal surfaces. The compositions are basically comprised of a corrosion inhibiting condensation reaction product enhanced by the presence of antimony or bismuth compounds.

Abstract: A method of extinguishing a fire, which includes pre-positioning a fire extinguishing device which includes at least two reactants such that when the reactants are activated they react to create solid particulate products having a diameter of about one micron or less such that, when the products come in contact with the fire they chemically inhibit the chain reactions of the fire flame and bring about the extinguishing of the fire. In one embodiment, the device is submerged in a liquid coolant and includes means for preventing entry of coolant into the device while allowing the escape of said products into the coolant when activated. Another embodiment is used to generate non-toxic smoke using a device which includes a first reactant which is potassium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, potassium dichromate, cesium nitrate or potassium nitrate, and a second reactant serving as a reduction agent.

Abstract: The prevention of corrosion on the surfaces of metallic pipes, heat exchangers, and the like which are in contact with industrial cooling waters, and particularly industrial cooling waters containing low levels of hardness is controlled utilizing a corrosion inhibiting amount of a composition including an alkali metal silicate, a hydroxycarboxylic acid or its water soluble salts, an organophosphonate, and a water soluble polymer which acts as a dispersant. Superior corrosion inhibition is achieved using the compositions of this invention as corrosion inhibitors, particularly in cooling water systems employing mild steel metallurgy.

Abstract: The present invention provides cis-epoxide compounds represented by formula (I-1), (I-2) or (I-3) which are useful for treating or preventing diseases caused by HIV infection: ##STR1## wherein: A, B, D, E, R.sup.1, R.sup.10, R.sup.11, K, G, Q, r and J have the meanings as defined in the specification.

Abstract: A method of treating an aqueous system is described which comprises incorporating in the system a hydroxylamine derivative of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 which may be the same or different represents hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 8 carbon atoms or aryl or a water soluble salt thereof or a precursor thereof, and a tannin in a weight ratio of at least 2:1. This is particularly useful for boiler water systems.

Abstract: A fire fighting and cooling composition that is particularly useful for fighting fires involving polar solvents and volatile liquid hydrocarbons includes a combination of non-ionic surfactants, such as amine oxides, organic sulfates or sulfonates, and amphoteric surfactants, such as acylamidoalkylbetaines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to quaternary basic amides of the formula: ##STR1## These compounds are useful for the preparation of drugs intended for the treatment of pathological conditions involving the tachkinin system.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula: ##STR1## where: Ar=phenyl or beta-naphtyl, or aromatic heterocyclic 6-membered ring containing one or two nitrogen atoms;R.sub.1 =one or more substituents of the Ar nucleus, preferably in para position, and selected out of the group consisting of H, CH.sub.3, CH.sub.2 --CH--(CH.sub.3).sub.2, O--CH.sub.3, Cl, F, Br, CF.sub.3, NH.sub.2, S--CH.sub.3, CN, NO.sub.2 R.sub.2 =H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5, CH(CH.sub.3).sub.2 ;R.sub.3 = ##STR2## Where R.sub.4 =H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5 R.sub.5 =H, CH.sub.3X=none O, S, NH, NCH.sub.3, --CH=CH--, --C.ident.C--Y=O, NH,both in the racemic Form and in the isomeric enantiomeric forms,which produce a nootropic effect, i.e. memory enhancement and learning facilitation, as well as an analgesic effect.

Abstract: A fire extinguisher and retardant material is formed from cellulosic mulch saturated with licorice juice. The licorice juice may be in the form of a foam, and the material may additionally include a binder and water. In order to increase the cohesiveness of the material, flexible strands of fine wire may be added to the mixture or a wire webbing may be used as a carrier material. Preferably, the cellulosic mulch is shredded paper.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a coated breaker chemical in which the coating comprises a blend of a neutralized sulfonated ionomer and asphalt. Preferably, the coating contains from about 1 to 20 wt. % asphalt and from 99 to 80 wt. % of the neutralized sulfonated ionomer. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coating contains about 7 wt. % asphalt and about 93 wt. % of the neutralized sulfonated ionomer.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention there is provided a cyclopentadienyl-type ligand represented by the formula ZA, wherein Z is a cyclopentadienyl-type group, wherein A is --YPR.sub.2, --YNR.sub.2, or --NR.sub.2, wherein Y is an alkylene group containing 1 to 24 carbon atoms, wherein each R is individually selected from alkyl groups containing 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Another aspect of the invention is to provide a metallocene represented by the formula ZAMX.sub.3, wherein Z and A are as described above, M is a Group IVB or VB transition metal, and X is a halide. Other aspects of the present invention include catalyst systems comprising the metallocenes and an organoaluminoxane, processes for preparing the above defined ligands, metallocenes and catalyst systems, and polymerization processes employing the catalyst systems.