Abstract: An oven with temperature-independent sections permits objects placed within t to experience the uneven heating and temperature gradient problems associated with real life conditions. The number of sections can vary depending on the gradients desired.

Abstract: Heat exchange apparatus including a toroidal-type radiator having radially extending cooling air passage-ways formed through the core thereof, a rotary fan positioned radially inwardly of the radiator core, and fan shroud means shaped and positioned with respect to the radiator core and the blades of the fan whereby the air stream induced by the fan during operation has a major component in a radial direction.

Abstract: The feedwater heater of this invention comprises a plurality of heating tubes arranged in U form, with feedwater being passed therethrough, a feedwater inlet chamber having a feedwater inlet for introducing feedwater thereinto and a tube plate assembling the ends of said heating tubes and also having formed therein a feedwater reservoir, a feedwater outlet chamber having a feedwater outlet for discharging the heated feedwater and a tube plate assembling the other ends of said heating tubes and also having formed therein a feedwater reservoir, a first cylindrical body or shell having disposed therein a tube nest consisting of the U-formed heating tube portions positioned on one side as well as support plates holding said heating tubes in position, said cylindrical body having its one end communicated with said feedwater outlet chamber and also provided with a hot steam inlet for introducing hot steam that serves as the feedwater heating source, a second cylndrical body or shell having disposed therein a tube n

Abstract: A heat shielding tool is disclosed, having a pair of opposed pivotally connected handles terminating in a pair of opposed jaws. The jaws have interiorly relieved arcuate areas so that, when closed, they will form a circle so that the circular opening formed thereby can be clamped about a pipe or tube. The jaws also have external heat dissipating members taking a variety of forms but which can be generally broadly termed fins. In this manner heat generated by soldering a pipe joint will travel along the pipe or tube to the tool and be dissipated into the atmosphere. The handles also have tension means carried thereon which will serve to normally urge the jaws toward mating or closed position so that the tool may be readily clamped about the pipe or tubing.

Abstract: A tube wall made of tubes extending parallel to one another and horizontally to inclined, which are provided with opposite fins on the longitudinal edges of which adjacent tubes are welded gas-tight to one another. The fins are formed as a continuous band exceeding in width the outer diameter of the tube. The band is arranged tangentially on the outside of the tube and the bands, which are welded with each other, are suspendable on a supporting structure for assuming the forces resulting from the dead weight of the tube wall and from additional loads.

Abstract: The system for condensing gases such as steam includes a housing with a gas inlet. At least one vertical column of vertically spaced separate tube bundles are in the housing. A separate water conduit is connected to the inlet of each of the separate tube bundles.

Abstract: A system for using solar heat to supplement the heat supplied by a conventional furnace in a house. Solar energy collector panels include conduits for the flow of water, the conduits heating water in a cistern. Heated water from the cistern is pumped through a heat exchanger located in an auxiliary duct communicating with the duct system in the house, the duct system also being connected with the conventional furnace. An air valve is movable between positions closing communication between the auxiliary duct and the duct system, while leaving open the communication between the furnace and the duct system, and opening communication between the auxiliary duct and the duct system, while closing communication between the furnace and the duct, to thereby heat air in the duct system from the furnace or the solar-heated water, respectively.

Abstract: A plastic heat exchange tube for use in combination with large dry and wet/dry type cooling towers. The tube includes a tubular center portion around which an open ended channel portion spirals over substantially the entire length thereof, with the open end in communication with the interior of the center portion. The optimum channel portion height to pitch ratio is 1.5 to 1. A web portion extends through the center portion of the tube.

Abstract: A heat exchanger or regenerator system useable in an air separation plant to minimize infiltration of air into the low pressure nitrogen stream comprising a heat exchanger (regenerator) having at least one flow path for the reversing heat exchange fluids, which flow path has at each end, an inlet branch and an outlet branch, wherein each branch has two series connected valves with a vent pipe between each pair of valves. Fluid flow through the vent pipe is controlled, e.g. by remotely actuable switch valves.

Abstract: An improved fan construction for use with engines utilizing circulating coolant and radiators, including a shaft adapted to be mounted on an engine or the like, a sheave journalled on the shaft, and fan blades carried by the sheave and rotatable therewith. An annular ring of resilient material is disposed about the fan blades and has an inner diameter spaced slightly radially outwardly of the tips of the fan blades and an outer periphery adapted to slidably, peripherally, sealingly engage a radiator shroud or the like about the periphery of an orifice therein and a perforate support for the ring secured to both the ring and the shaft.

Abstract: A gaseous source of waste energy, including heat, is passed through a gas to liquid heat exchanger and then a chiller to agitate a water bath and produce evaporation of water for cooling. The heated transfer liquid is passed through a heat exchanger to heat makeup air or the like, while, alternatively, chilled water from the chiller is passed through the heat exchanger to cool the makeup air. The source of waste energy, including heat, is normally a grease extraction ventilator mounted to receive fumes and heated air from cooking equipment. Any other source of waste energy is normally suitable, such as heated air which has risen to the upper portion of a large room or enclosure, such as an auditorium, theater, meeting hall or the like. The heated air removed from such a position is adapted in part to be recirculated, but all of it may be used to furnish heat for heating fresh makeup air. Several forms of chiller, including specialized double compartment chillers, are disclosed.

Abstract: There is disclosed apparatus which includes an air-cooled condenser having main and vent portions for use in condensing steam or other vapors containing non-condensibles such as air at a pressure near or below atmospheric, a pot into which condensate from an outlet header for the condenser is drained, and equipment for ejecting air and other non-condensibles from the outlet header to the atmosphere.

Abstract: The invention relates to improving the heat transfer properties in boiling liquids of tubes and other surfaces by applying a very porous reticulated organic foam layer in contact with the tube surface, and then plating a thin metal coating on the foam substrate. Preferably, the tube is copper and the plating consists of a first electrolessly applied layer of copper and a second electroplated layer. The foam is preferably in the form of a thin tape which is spirally wound about the tube. Pyrolization of the foam after plating improves the heat transfer performance of the tube.

Abstract: A vessel for a molten substance for modifying the properties of objects of glass and similar materials, comprises an inner vessel and an outer vessel with an annular space defined therebetween, an elastic tongue connecting the inner vessel and the outer vessel, means in said space for guiding a heating gas including fins mounted on the inside of the outer vessel which also support the inner vessel and an upright web between the inner vessel and the outer vessel reinforcing the combined vessel structure and separating the hot gas guiding system into discrete sections on opposite sides of the web.

Abstract: A gaseous source of waste energy, including heat, is passed through a gas to liquid heat exchanger and then a chiller to agitate a water bath and produce evaporation of water for cooling. The heated transfer liquid is passed through a heat exchanger to heat makeup air or the like, while, alternatively, chilled water from the chiller is passed through the heat exchanger to cool the makeup air. Supplemental heating, as by a furnace, or supplemental cooling, as by refrigeration, may be utilized when called for.Separate heat exchangers, as for separate areas, are alternatively supplied with heated transfer liquid or chilled water, or one or more supplied with heated transfer liquid and one or more others supplied with chilled water.The source of waste energy, including heat, is normally fumes and heated air from cooking equipment passed through a grease extraction ventilator.

Abstract: A method for continuously maintaining a radiator free of debris comprises steps of rotating an endless and perforated belt about the radiator and simultaneously twisting the belt 180.degree. during each rotation thereof to form a "mobius strip" whereby the front and back sides of the radiator are each exposed to both sides of the belt during rotation thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the generation of cooling or heating by using a centrifuge type heat exchanger wherein the refrigerant during heat addition undergoes a pressure increase. The apparatus where heat is added is a rotary heat exchanger with the refrigerant being within the heat exchanger and rotating with it, and the air which is releasing heat is outside of the heat exchanger in a stationary casing. Stationary or rotary heat exchanger may be used for heat rejection by the refrigerant. By reversing the air connections, one can also use the device for heating room air in air conditioning applications, while the air circulating around the heat exchanger is outside air. Refrigerant fluids for this device may be the usual fluids used for refrigeration, such as air, halogenated hydrocarbon, ammonia and others.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved system of providing power having a unique generating means of the nuclear reactor variety adapted with a plurality of steam generators in the form of replaceable modular units of the expendable type for the attainment of the optimum in effective and efficient vaporization of fluid during the process of generating power.

Abstract: Liquid containing heat transfer tube for use in a fluidized bed reactor is protected against erosive effects of the fluidized medium by having radially outwardly extending fins on its outer surface and by having the entire outer surface area between the fins covered by a layer of an abrasion resistant refractory which is supported by a metallic substrate such as expanded metal.

Abstract: A shutter mechanism for an engine radiator comprising a series of rigid pus tubes having elastomeric sleeves secured thereto. Introduction of pressurized fluid (e.g. compress air or engine coolant) into the porous tubes pressurizes the spaces between the tubes and sleeves, thereby causing the sleeves to balloon outwardly to fully or partly close the air supply passage leading to the radiator. Depressurization of the tube interior spaces allows the elastomeric sleeves to contract onto the tubes, thereby opening the radiator air passage system.