Abstract: An x-ray detector is disclosed, for a computed tomography system. In an embodiment, the x-ray detector includes a base plate and a number of detector modules, each including at least one detector field with a detector surface facing counter to an r-direction on a front face and each including a module support, fastened to the base plate. In at least one embodiment, the module support includes a bearing surface facing the base plate, perpendicular to the detector surface, for fastening purposes.

Abstract: A radiation detector includes an array of detector pixels each including an array of detector cells. Each detector cell includes a photodiode biased in a breakdown region and digital circuitry coupled with the photodiode and configured to output a first digital value in a quiescent state and a second digital value responsive to photon detection by the photodiode. Digital triggering circuitry is configured to output a trigger signal indicative of a start of an integration time period responsive to a selected number of one or more of the detector cells transitioning from the first digital value to the second digital value. Readout digital circuitry accumulates a count of a number of transitions of detector cells of the array of detector cells from the first digital state to the second digital state over the integration time period.

Abstract: Methods for matching semiconductor processing chambers using a calibrated spectrometer are disclosed. In one embodiment, plasma attributes are measured for a process in a reference chamber and a process in an aged chamber. Using a calibrated light source, an optical path equivalent to an optical path in a reference chamber and an optical path in an aged chamber can be compared by determining a correction factor. The correction factor is applied to adjust a measured intensity of plasma radiation through the optical path in the aged chamber. Comparing a measured intensity of plasma radiation in the reference chamber and the adjusted measured intensity in the aged chamber provide an indication of changed chamber conditions. A magnitude of change between the two intensities can be used to adjust the process parameters to yield a processed substrate from the aged chamber which matches that of the reference chamber.

Abstract: Techniques for controlling a stability of response of a semi-conductor matrix imager composed of pixels, including a first phase of characterizing the stability of the pixels and a second phase of correcting the signals arising from the pixels during the measurements. The pixels are classed into stable pixels and unstable pixels according to a predetermined criterion, the unstable pixels being associated individually with a stable pixel whose characteristics serve as base for correcting signals arising from the unstable pixels.

Abstract: Among other things, one or more systems and/or techniques for calibrating a direct conversion detector array are provided. An electrical charge is generated on an interface of a photoconductor (e.g., amorphous selenium) of the detector array when there is a change in voltage that is applied to the photoconductor. Such a change in voltage may occur because the voltage that is supplied to the photoconductor by a power supply is changed. The changed voltage causes an electrical charge to be produced, or causes a change in the net charge density at an interface of the photoconductor, that is substantially similar to the electrical charge that may be produced when radiation impinges the detector array. In this way, calibrations of the detector array (e.g., the generation of a uniformity map, defect table, etc.) may be performed without the emission of radiation and onsite or outside of a factory setting.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments of an infrared proximity sensor package comprising an infrared transmitter die, an infrared receiver die, a housing comprising sidewalls, a first recess, a second recess, a partitioning divider disposed between the first and second recesses, and an overlying shield comprising an infrared-absorbing material. The transmitter die is positioned in the first recess, and the receiver die is positioned within the second recess. The partitioning divider comprises liquid crystal polymer (LCP) such that the partitioning divider and the infrared-absorbing material of the shield cooperate together to substantially attenuate and absorb undesired infrared light that might otherwise become internally-reflected within the housing or incident upon the receiver as a false proximity or object detection signal.

Abstract: Described is a processor comprising: a plurality of radiation detectors; a first logic unit to receive outputs from the plurality of radiation detectors, the logic unit to generate an output according to the received outputs, the output of the first logic unit indicating whether the processor was exposed to incoming radiations; and a second logic unit to receive the output from the first logic unit, and to cause the processor to perform an action according to the output from the first logic unit.

Abstract: Systems and methods are directed to contacts for an infrared detector. For example, an infrared imaging device includes a substrate having a first metal layer and an infrared detector array coupled to the substrate via a plurality of contacts. Each contact includes for an embodiment a plurality of metal studs each having a first end and a second end and each disposed between the first metal layer and a second metal layer, wherein the first end of each metal stud is disposed on a portion of the first metal layer that is at least partially on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: According to one aspect, a planar and volumetric dosimeter for use with a radiotherapy machine having a radiation source. The dosimeter includes a scintillating assembly including a plurality of scintillating optical fibers and configured to generate a light output in response to incident dose distribution thereon from the radiation source, and a photo-detector operable to convert optical energy emitted by the scintillating assembly to electrical signals for determining actual two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) dose distribution incident on the scintillating assembly using a tomographic reconstruction algorithm.

Abstract: To provide an X-ray detector facilitating the installing and replacement work of a module while reducing the possibility of breakage. An X-ray detector 50 detecting X-ray image data for each detection module includes: a detection module 7 provided with a protruding frame on a back side of a detection device detecting X-rays; and a guide frame 12 fitting into the protruding frame and removably supporting the detection device, wherein the guide frame 12 fixes the position of the detection device relative to the guide frame 12 by fitting. Therefore, fitting the protruding frame 8 into the guide frame 12 enables precise and easy installation/removal of the detection module. That is a detection module can be newly installed onto the guide frame without interfering each other with adjacent detection modules already installed while minimizing a space therebetween.

Abstract: Sensitivity is increased by enhancing the fluorescence collection efficiency while suppressing the increase in size of an objective lens. An objective lens 17 is structured to have a convex lens part 26 in a center portion and to have a truncated conical cylindrical body 27 around the convex lens part 26. Therefore, a fluorescence component b having too wide an emission angle to fit in the convex lens part 26, of fluorescence emitted from a sample 16, can be collected by total reflection on an outer peripheral surface 27b of the cylindrical body 27. Thus, even light having too wide an emission angle to be collected by a normal convex lens can be collected. As a result, it is possible to suppress the increase in size of the objective lens, to enhance the fluorescence collection efficiency, and to prevent the S/N ratio from being decreased by the existence of undetected fluorescence that is blocked by a prism 20. This can realize a fluorescence information reading device having high sensitivity.

Abstract: A radiation image-pickup device includes: a drive substrate including a transistor used to read, from each of a plurality of pixels, signal charge based on radiation; a charge collection electrode provided on the drive substrate, for each of the pixels; a conversion layer formed on the charge collection electrode, and configured to generate the signal charge by absorbing radiation; a counter electrode provided on the conversion layer; and a first conductive film disposed, between the drive substrate and the charge collection electrode, to face at least a part of the charge collection electrode, and included in a first capacitive element configured to retain the signal charge.

Abstract: There is provided a System and Method For Determining The Radiological Composition of Material Layers Within a Conduit. The system and method disclosed is equally applicable to pipes, vessels, and conduits as well as medical applications such as determining vessel thickness, occlusion, scarring, or the like in humans and animals. A phantom setup is disclosed that has a phantom containing a test standard such as a reactor water test standard, removable plates, a collimator and probe with a spectrometer display. The phantom setup provides a baseline data set that can be used in conjunction with field measurements to determine the composition of materials within the conduit, such as corrosion or the like. The baseline data set may be semi-logarithmic and contains spectrometer readings of various plate thicknesses or quantities of plates.

Abstract: A method for monitoring ion implantation, comprising: a), providing a control piece and forming a mask layer; b), performing ion implantation process to implant a predetermined dose of impurity ions into the control piece, an area on the control piece uncovered by the mask layer being an impurity implantation area and an area on the control piece covered by the mask layer being an impurity non-implantation area; c), peeling off the mask layer from the control piece; d), performing oxidation treatment on the control piece; and e), respectively measuring thicknesses of the oxide layers on the impurity implantation area and the impurity non-implantation area of the control piece, and monitoring the impurity dose of the ion implantation on the basis of a ratio of the thickness of the oxide layer in the impurity implantation area to the thickness of the oxide layer in the impurity non-implantation area.

Abstract: A stacked crystal array includes a plurality of crystal slices and a plurality of interconnects. The interconnects have electrically conductive, spaced-apart and generally parallel elements joined by electrically conductive spacers extending generally orthogonally therebetween, the spacers being rotationally offset from each other by a predetermined angle. The array further includes a plurality of electrical insulators and an electrically insulative housing having a plurality of slots. The crystal slices, insulators and interconnects are arranged in the housing to form an assembly wherein the crystal slices are coupled together in a parallel electrical circuit. The assembly provides photon absorption comparable to a monolithic crystal having a thickness generally equivalent to the sum of the thicknesses of the crystal slices, but at a lower bias voltage.

Abstract: An infrared imaging probe that includes an elongated wand and an electrically isolating connection between the imaging components, located at the distal end of the wand, and the image processing components, located at the proximal end of the wand.

Abstract: The invention relates to a luminescent composition which is based on yttrium oxide sulfide and other oxide sulfides and to which at least one doping agent is added. The inventive composition has a characteristic emission spectrum and can optionally be used along with a reading system that is adjusted to the emission spectrum in order to mark substances or *substance mixtures.

Abstract: When designing detector arrays for diagnostic imaging devices, such as PET or SPECT devices, a virtual detector, or pixel, combines scintillator crystals (10, 20, 40) with photodetectors (12) in ratios that deviate from the conventional 1:1 ratio. For instance, multiple photodetectors can be glued to a single crystal to create a virtual pixel (10, 20, 40) which can be software-based or hardware-based. Light energy and time stamp information for a gamma ray hit on the crystal can be calculated using a virtualizer processor or using a trigger line network and time-to-digital converter logic. Additionally or alternatively, multiple crystals (54) can be associated with each of a plurality of photodetectors (52). A gamma ray hit on a specific crystal is then determined by a table lookup of adjacent photodetectors (52) that register equal light intensities, and the crystal (54) common to such photodetectors (52) is identified as the location of the hit.

Abstract: According to an aspect, a human body detecting system includes a mobile communication device, a stand, and a false detection reducing unit. The mobile communication device includes a communication unit for performing communication. The stand includes a human sensor for detecting a human body based on an ambient temperature distribution, and a storage unit for storing detection information of the human sensor. The false detection reducing unit is configured to perform false detection reducing processing on at least either one of the detection information of the human sensor and operation of the human sensor.

Abstract: A method is provided of calibrating a system that detects presence of a pollution component within exhaust gases proceeding along an exhaust passageway. A measurement cell of a probe is isolated by movement of either the entire probe or a shield within the probe from the exhaust gas to allow reference gas to be detected by a laser beam in the mid-infrared range in the measurement cell to calibrate the system. In another example, a laser source is placed on one side of an exhaust passageway and a detector is placed on the other side. A reference cell is provided that is used to receive reference gas and calibrate the system. In yet another example, the exhaust gas is extracted from the passageway and is measured in a reference cell. The reference cell is also filled with reference gas when it is desired to calibrate the system.