Abstract: The present invention provides processes for deconstructing biomass to produce aqueous and organic products using a solvent produced in a bioreforming reaction.

Abstract: Methods for the production of a biodegradable plastics material obtained from plant waste materials are provided which include the steps of dissolving plant waste material in an anhydrous solvent which includes anhydrous trifluoroacetic acid in order to dissolve a cellulose fraction of the material, the waste material being at least partly dehydrated in such a way that its water content is not likely to cause hydrolysis of the cellulose fraction, and removing the solvent from the solution containing the non-hydrolyzed cellulose fraction.

Abstract: Flux formulations that remain pliable and tack-free after deposition are disclosed. In certain examples, the flux comprises a first component and an effective amount of a second component to provide a pliable flux after deposition. The flux may also include activators, plasticizers, surface active agents and other components.

Abstract: A carpet material with at least one of its components made easier for recycle by use of an adhesive which can be selectively altered to change the adhesion strength to allow component carpet layers to be separated.

Abstract: A resin composition includes a cellulose derivative, wherein a Hazen color number (APHA) of the resin composition is 50 or lower.

Abstract: The process for the hydrolysis of ligno-cellulosic biomass comprises the steps of A) Contacting a ligno-cellulosic feedstock, the feedstock comprised of biomass having a dry content and water with at least a portion of a solvent, the solvent comprised of water soluble hydrolyzed species; wherein at least some of the water soluble hydrolyzed species are the same as the water soluble hydrolyzed species obtainable from the hydrolysis of the biomass in the feedstock; B) maintaining the contact between the feedstock of the feedstock stream and the solvent at a temperature in the range of 20° C. to 200° C. for a time in the range of 5 minutes to 72 hours to create a hydrolyzed product from the biomass in the feedstock.

Abstract: An apparatus to generate nitric oxide is disclosed in one embodiment in accordance with the invention as including a heat source and a vessel containing the heat source. A tablet may be placed within the vessel such that it is in thermal communication with the heat source to receive heat therefrom. The tablet may contain reactants that are substantially non-deliquescent and form nitric oxide in response to heat from the heat source.

Abstract: The present disclosure features a method of making an engine aftertreatment catalyst, where the engine aftertreatment catalyst includes a metal oxide, a metal zeolite, and/or vanadium oxide when the metal oxide is different from vanadium oxide, each of which can be independently surface-modified with a surface modifier. The method includes providing a solution including an organic solvent and an organometallic compound; mixing the solution with a metal oxide, a metal zeolite, and/or a vanadium oxide to provide a mixture; drying the mixture; and calcining the mixture to provide a surface-modified metal oxide catalyst, a surface-modified metal zeolite catalyst, and/or a surface-modified vanadium oxide catalyst. The organometallic compound can be, for example, a metal alkoxide, a metal carboxylate, a metal acetylacetonate, and/or a metal organic acid ester.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for catalytic deconstruction of biomass using a solvent produced in a bioreforming reaction.

Abstract: The present invention describes a process for a controlled conversion of a biomass feedstock, wherein the process comprises the steps of: loading the biomass feedstock to at least one reactor; liquefaction of the biomass feedstock into a monomer and/or oligomer sugar mixture in said reactor by treatment in hot compressed liquid water (HCW) at sub- and/or super-critical condition; and removal of the monomer and/or oligomer sugar mixture, being the product molecules, to avoid continued detrimental decomposition.

Abstract: A process for enabling the production of a particulate composition containing crystalline trehalose dihydrate is provided. Including allowing an ?-glycosyltrehalose-forming enzyme to act on liquefied starch derived from a microorganism of the genus Arthrobacter and a trehalose-releasing enzyme derived from a microorganism of the genus Arthrobacter along with a starch debranching enzyme and a cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase; allowing glucoamylase to act on the resulting mixture to obtain a saccharide solution containing ?,?-trehalose; precipitating crystalline ?,?-trehalose dihydrate from the above saccharide solution; collecting the precipitated crystalline ?,?-trehalose dihydrate by a centrifuge; and ageing and drying the collected crystals. Cyclomaltodextrin glucanotransferase derived from a microorganism of the genus Paenibacillus or a mutant enzyme thereof is used to increase the ?,?-trehalose content in the saccharide solution to over 86.

Abstract: The invention provides carbohydrate compositions and products comprising the carbohydrate compositions, such as dry products or a low-viscosity reduced-sugar syrup, methods of making the carbohydrate compositions and products, and uses thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for producing nanocrystalline cellulose and oxidized nanocrystalline cellulose from biomass. Also disclosed are methods for forming materials, and the materials formed from a fibrin matrix that incorporates the nanocrystalline cellulose and/or the oxidized nanocrystalline cellulose.

Abstract: The present invention provides processes for deconstructing biomass using a solvent produced in a bioreforming reaction.

Abstract: A resin composition includes a cellulose derivative of which a weight average molecular weight is 10,000 or greater and less than 75,000 and in which at least one hydroxyl group is substituted with an acyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Process for the preparation of an additive comprising TiO2 particles dispersed on a support of pseudo-layered phyllosilicate-type, comprising the dispersion in water of the support, the acid activation of the support and the high-shear dispersion of the support with the TiO2 particles Use of the particles obtained by this process as additives with photocatalytic activity for water purification and disinfection, for purification of polluted gas streams and to provide materials, in particular construction materials, with self-cleaning, biocide, deodorization and/or pollution reduction properties in the presence of air and ultraviolet light.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the production of films made of polysaccharides which, as a fiber-forming substance, contain ?(1?3)-glucan, as well as to the films made thereof and to their use.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the present disclosure, a sugar product and method for fabricating the same is provided. The method includes mixing an acid compound and lithium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, zinc chloride or iron chloride or lithium bromide, magnesium bromide, calcium bromide, zinc bromide or iron bromide or heteropoly acid to form a mixing solution, adding a cellulosic biomass to the mixing solution for a dissolution reaction, and adding water to the mixing solution for a hydrolysis reaction to obtain a sugar product. The present disclosure also provides a sugar product fabricated from the method.

Abstract: A process for producing thermally inhibited starch is described resulting in a visco-stable starch product with improved whiteness. The process comprises pretreating a dry starch with an alkaline solution in a water-miscible solvent, adjusting the water content of the starch to below 12 wt. %, heating the starch at a temperature between 140 and 190° C., preferably between 140 and 180° C., and cooling and optionally further processing the starch. The thermally inhibited starch has the advantages of not being chemically modified. The process is more flexible and faster than conventional inhibition processes.

Abstract: To provide a heterogeneous catalyst that exhibits high activity and high selectivity, specifically a catalyst suitable for oxychlorination to produce 1,2-dichloroethane from ethylene, and a catalyst system. Provided are: a heterogeneous catalyst supported on a porous carrier, characterized in that the integral value of the hysteresis occurring between an adsorption isotherm and a desorption isotherm by a gas adsorption method, is at most 19% to the total integral value of the adsorption isotherm; and a catalyst system for producing 1,2-dichloroethane, which comprises this catalyst and a diluent having a spherical shape, circular cylindrical shape or hollow cylindrical shape.