Abstract: A synthetic strategy for the creation of large scale chemical diversity. Solid-phase chemistry, photolabile protecting groups, and photolithography are used to achieve light-directed spatially-addressable parallel chemical synthesis. Binary masking techniques are utilized in one embodiment. A reactor system, photoremovable protective groups, and improved data collection and handling techniques are also disclosed. A technique for screening linker molecules is also provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods for comparing and identifying differences in nucleic acid sequences using a plurality of sequence specific recognition reagents (i.e., probes comprising a nucleic acid complementary to a nucleic acid sequence in collections to be compared) bound to a solid surface.

Abstract: This application provides methods for identifying nucleic acid ligands capable of covalently interacting with targets of interest. The nucleic acids can be associated with various functional units. The method also allows for the identification of nucleic acids that have facilitating activities as measured by their ability to facilitate formation of a covalent bond between the nucleic acid, including its associated functional unit, and its target.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the length of telomeres and the role of hnRNP A1, UP1 or derivatives thereon. More particularly, the present invention relates to hnRNP A1, UP1 or derivatives thereof to maintain or alter the length of telomeres in cells. The present invention also relates to methods and compositions for increasing or decreasing the proliferative capacity of cells and to delay or precipitate the onset of senescence The invention further relates to hnRNP A1 or UP1 or derivatives thereof as pharmaceutical, therapeutic and diagnostic reagents.

Abstract: A method for identifying nucleic acid ligands to target molecules using the SELEX procedure wherein the candidate nucleic acids contain photoreactive groups and nucleic acid ligands identified thereby are claimed. The complexes of increased affinity nucleic acids and target molecules formed in the procedure are crosslinked by irradiation to facilitate separation from unbound nucleic acids. In other methods partitioning of high and low affinity nucleic acids is facilitated by primer extension steps as shown in the figure in which chain termination nucleotides, digestion resistant nucleotides or nucleotides that allow retention of the cDNA product on an affinity matrix are differentially incorporated into the cDNA products of either the high or low affinity nucleic acids and the cDNA products are treated accordingly to amplification, enzymatic or chemical digestion or by contact with an affinity matrix.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method of incorporating an exo-sample nucleotide into the amplified product strands resulting from a nucleic acid amplification process. Once the product strands have been obtained and analyzed (e.g., by hybridization, Southern blot, etc.), the exo-sample strands can be selectively destroyed by acting on the incorporated exo-sample nucleotide. Two embodiments are presented. In a first embodiment, the exo-sample nucleotide is incorporated by carrying out the amplification reaction in the presence of an excess of exo-sample nucleotide triphosphate. In a second embodiment, the exo-sample nucleotide is incorporated by carrying out the amplification reaction in the presence of an oligonucleotide which has, as part of its sequence, one or more exo-sample nucleotides.

Abstract: A method for determining the susceptibility of a patient to cancer comprising the steps (i) obtaining a sample containing nucleic acid derived from the patient; and (ii) contacting the said nucleic acid with a nucleic acid capable of selectively hybridising to the region of human chromosome 10 which region is bounded by DNA defined by the markers D10S541 and D10S215. A nucleic acid capable of selectively hybridising to the region of human chromosome 10 which region is bounded by DNA defined by the markers D10S541 and D10S215 provided that the nucleic acid is not any one of certain YACs, BACs, PACs or ESTs defined herein. Preferably the said nucleic acid is a prostate tumour suppressor gene.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of detecting the presence of a nucleic acid target sequence of interest, the method comprising the steps of: (a) adding first and second nucleic acid probes to a sample comprising the sequence of interest, so as to form a complex comprising three strands of nucleic acid, wherein the first probe comprises the full length sequence of a first strand of a double stranded promoter, the target sequence comprises an end part of a second strand of the double stranded promoter which is complementary to a part of the first strand, and the second probe comprises the rest of the second strand of the double stranded promoter which is complementary to a part of the first strand, such that a functional promoter is formed when the first probe is hybridized to both the target sequence and to the second probe; (b) adding a polymerase which recognizes the promoter, so as to cause the de novo synthesis of nucleic acid from the promoter present in the complex; and (c) detecting directly or indirectly the

Abstract: The present invention provides for the selective covalent modification of nucleic acids with redox active moieties such as transition metal complexes. Electron donor and electron acceptor moieties are covalently bound to the ribose-phosphate backbone of a nucleic acid at predetermined positions. The resulting complexes represent a series of new derivatives that are bimolecular templates capable of transferring electrons over very large distances at extremely fast rates. These complexes possess unique structural features which enable the use of an entirely new class of bioconductors and photoactive probes.

Abstract: The invention is a method of detecting nucleic acids in a sample using oligonucleotide probes which are noncovalently bound to solid supports for rapid, sensitive, hybridization assays. The method involves coating the support surface with a polynucleotide and then hybridizing a specific capture probe for each analyte to the polynucleotide by way of a short tail of the complementary polynucleotide. The immobilized probes are used to capture nucleic acid targets out of complex specimens for nonisotopic detection without the need for prior cell culture or purification of the target nucleic acids. A panel of tests can be run on each specimen simultaneously, a format that conserves precious samples. The assay can be readily automated, and can be conveniently run in a manual fashion on large numbers of samples in two to three hours.

Abstract: The invention relates to the stable transfection of neurons with DNA encoding proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and replication factor C (RFC). Also, co-transfection of a functional gene along with the DNA encoding PCNA and RFC causes stable integration of the functional gene.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the selective covalent modification of nucleic acids with redox active moieties such as transition metal complexes. Electron donor and electron acceptor moieties are covalently bound to the ribose-phosphate backbone of a nucleic acid at predetermined positions. The resulting complexes represent a series of new derivatives that are bimolecular templates capable of transferring electrons over very large distances at extremely fast rates. These complexes possess unique structural features which enable the use of an entirely new class of bioconductors and photoactive probes.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a method for identifying nucleic acid ligands by the SELEX method wherein the participation of fixed sequences is eliminated or minimized.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of tumor progression in cells involved in human tumors such as melanomas, breast, gastrointestinal, lung, and bone tumors, various types of skin cancers, and other neoplastic conditions such as leukemias and lymphomas. Genes are identified that are differentially expressed in benign (e.g., non-malignant) tumor cells relative to malignant tumor cells exhibiting a high metastatic potential. Genes are also identified via the ability of their gene products to interact with gene products involved in the progression to, and/or aggressiveness of, neoplastic tumor disease states. The genes and gene products identified can be used diagnostically or for therapeutic intervention.

Abstract: Pathogenetic allele variants that predispose to a disease can be identified by stratifying affected sib pairs by allele-sharing statuss at two or more candidate loci. This locus stratification method has been used to identify an allelic variant at the ATM locus which is implicated in breast cancer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of detecting RNA, comprising: (a) preparing cDNA to be measured and standard cDNA by reverse transcription of RNA as the subject of detection and standard RNA respectively; (b) adding different adapters respectively to the standard cDNA prepared at stepwise concentrations; (c) adding an adapter other than said adapters to the cDNA to be measured; (d) mixing and amplifying the adapter-tagged cDNAs obtained in the steps (b) and (c); (e) measuring the amount ratio of the cDNA measured to the standard cDNA; and (f) detecting said RNA from the measurement results.

Abstract: A Nucleic acid ligand “Biochip” is disclosed, consisting of a solid support to which one or more specific Nucleic acid ligands is attached in a spatially defined manner. Each Nucleic acid ligand binds specifically and avidly to a particular Target molecule contained within a Test mixture, such as a Bodily fluid The Target molecules include, but are not limited to, proteins (cellular, viral, bacterial, etc.) hormones, sugars, metabolic byproducts, cofactor, and intermediates, drugs, and toxins. Contacting the Test mixture with the Biochip leads to the binding of a Target molecule to its cognate Nucleic acid ligand. Binding of Target to the Nucleic acid ligand results in a detectable change at each specific location on the Biochip. The detectable change can include, but is not limited to, a change in fluorescence, or a change in a physical parameter, such as electrical conductance or refractive index, at each location on the Biochip.

Abstract: The invention relates to the gene involved in the von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis (NF1) disease process and to the identification, isolation and cloning of a nucleic acid sequence corresponding to the gene. The invention further relates to the NF1 gene product and sequence and antibodies raised thereto. The invention also relates to methods of screening for NF1 and NF1 diagnosis, as well as conventional treatment and gene therapy utilizing recombinant technologies.

Abstract: Methods are described for the identification and preparation of nucleic acid ligands to tenascin-C. Included in the invention are specific RNA ligands to tenascin-C identified by the SELEX method. Further included in the invention are methods for detecting the presence of a disease condition in a biological tissue in which tenascin-C is expressed.

Abstract: This invention discloses a method for preparing a complex comprised of a PDGF Nucleic Acid Ligand and a Non-Immunogenic, High Molecular Weight Compound or Lipophilic Compound by identifying a PDGF Nucleic Acid Ligand by SELEX methodology and associating the PDGF Nucleic Acid Ligand with a Non-Immunogenic, High Molecular Weight Compound or Lipophilic Compound. The invention further discloses Complexes comprising one or more PDGF Nucleic Acid Ligands in association with a Non-Immunogenic, High Molecular Weight Compound or Lipophilic Compound. The invention further includes a Lipid construct comprising a PDGF Nucleic Acid Ligand or Complex and methods for making the same.