Abstract: Various improvements for polymer modified cementitious compositions are disclosed. A dry mix for making a polymer modified cementitious composition especially useful as a stucco material, which includes a dry, redispersible, non-reemulsifiable polymer at a polymer-cement ratio of between about 0.04:1 to about 0.15:1, is disclosed. Also, the use of sodium acyl (coco) isethionate as a superior wetting agent in polymer modified cementitious composition is disclosed. In addition, the use of non-bridging, plastic fibers for use in pumpable cementitious compositions is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention is characterized by ceramic materials comprising ceramic sintered bodies consisting of (1) 1-90 wt % chromium carbide and the remainder carbonic titanium nitride; (2) 1-90 wt % chromium carbide, 0.1-5 wt % B.sub.4 C and the remainder titanium carbo-nitride; or (3) either of the above compositions plus less than 95 wt % of a metal boride such as Ti or Zr. Such ceramic sintered bodies are used for cutting tools or wear-resistant machine parts because of their high density, high hardness and high strength.

Abstract: A particulate solid activator comprising a porous material containing absorbed P.sub.2 O.sub.5 values can be prepared by a process which comprises spray drying a slurry of a liquid P.sub.2 O.sub.5 material and the porous material to obtain the particulate solid. The P.sub.2 O.sub.5 material can be a mixture of a phosphoric acid and an ammonium phosphate solution. The porous material can be diatomaceous earth. The resulting particulate solid activator can be dry blended with a magnesium-containing compound, e.g. MgO, and an optional aggregate to form a magnesium phosphate fast-setting cement mixture. This mixture reacts in the presence of an aqueous component at ambient temperature to form a monolithic solid.

Abstract: A capsule contains in separate compartments the interactive components of a self setting composition which according to the invention comprise as base component a paste of high alumina cement, water and a source of CaO and SiO.sub.2 --e.g. as a single source granulated blast furnace slag; and as a catalyst component a paste of lime, water and a water soluble lithium salt. When reacted the components form a set cement containing hydrated phases typical of an OPC.

Abstract: A process for preparing tractable preceramic precursors of Group IIIA metal/Group VA nonmetal compounds, such as BN, in which a first reactant containing a Group VA nonmetal to hydrogen bond, such as ammonia or an amine is reacted with a second reactant containing a Group IIIA metal to hydrogen bond, such as a metal hydride, in the presence of a metal catalyst that catalyzes dehydrocoupling of the bonds to form the precursor. Further reaction of the precursor in the presence of the catalyst forms oligomeric/polymeric forms of the precursor.

Abstract: A method for producing sulfur plates comprises producing an aqueous mixture by mixing and agitating sulfur powder, inorganic powder, fibers and water, filtering the aqueous mixture to form plates, molding the plates while dewatering, curing and drying the plates, and heating the plates at a temperature higher than the melting point of the sulfur. The sulfur plates attain a desired strength in a short time and are free from any cracks and have an excellent acid resistance.

Abstract: A surgical dressing is described which consists essentially of a film which carries an adhesive layer for securing the dressing to the body characterized in that (a) the film is continuous and comprises a polymer which in contact with water has a higher MVP than when in contact with moisture vapor but not water; (b) the adhesive layer is adapted to allow access of water to the film when water is in contact with the adhesive layer so that (c) the surgical dressing has an MVP of not less than 2500 g/m.sup.2 when the adhesive layer is in contact with water and has an MVP of not more than 2000 g/m.sup.2 when the adhesive is in contact with moisture vapor but not water; whereby the dressing is suitable for use on exuding wounds and on non-exuding wounds.

Abstract: A flexible grout composition is used to cement a conduit within a bore hole to prevent fluid loss, for sealing and grouting well casings, plugging abandoned wells, and waterproofing earthen structures. The flexible grout composition includes a water-swellable clay, such as bentonite; a particulate filler, such as calcium bentonite; and a water soluble silicate. The grout composition is mixed with water to form a slurry and the slurry is pumped into its intended location, for example, within the annulus defined between an outer surface of a conduit or casing disposed within a bore hole, and the surrounding earthen formation formed, for example, by drilling.

Abstract: Compositions containing crystalline, straight chain, alkyl hydrocarbons as phase change materials including cementitious compositions containing the alkyl hydrocarbons neat or in pellets or granules formed by incorporating the alkyl hydrocarbons in polymers or rubbers; and polymeric or elastomeric compositions containing alkyl hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cement-based product which is reinforced with glass fibers having good resistance to alkaline environments. The product of the invention contains, for each 100 parts by weight of cement, about 10 to 40 parts by weight of metakaolin, the latter exhibiting a reactivity to the modified Chapelle test greater than 500 mg of CaO per gram of metakaolin. The product of the invention has many uses in the building trade, particularly to produce facade coverings.

Abstract: This invention provides an inorganic coating composition comprising (a) about 100 parts by weight (based on solids) of a binder component prepared by thermally dissolving about 10 to about 40 parts by weight of fine particles of silica in about 100 parts by weight (based on solids) of potassium silicate and (b) about 15 to about 100 parts by weight of pearl luster pigment.

Abstract: Friction materials intended to be used as brake shoes, brake pads, and other brake components, comprising a composite in which one or more friction modifiers is embedded in a high strength cement matrix.The matrix material exhibits a flexural strength of at least 1,500 psi, a compressive strength of at least about 15,000 psi and a flexural modulus of about 1.times.10.sup.6 psi.

Abstract: A novel process for producing clay derivatives having porous structure comprises hydrolyzing a metal alkoxide such as Al(OR).sub.3, Ti(OR).sub.4 and Si(OR).sub.4 in which each R represents a linear or branched hydrocarbon group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, deflocculating the resulting hydrolyzate with an acid to obtain a hydrous metal oxide sol, and reacting the sol with smectite.The thus obtained porous clay derivatives have larger interlaminar interstices and a larger surface area than conventional ones. The interstices can be arbitrarily controlled by the acid amount. In addition, the derivatives are thermally stable so that they can be widely utilized in various fields as pigments, encapsulating agents, adsorbents, catalysts, carriers for catalysts and the like.

Abstract: The present invention resides in the provision of a basic unburned brick or castable refractory which contains none or an extremely small amount of components which exert a harmful influence on molten steel such as phosphorus, sulfur, and boron and which has a high hot strength.

Abstract: A high-hardness sintered article having high-pressure phase boron nitride as its matrix is manufactured by preparing a mixture consisting of 65 to 95% by volume of a high-pressure phase boron nitride formed of boron nitride of cubic phase having a continuous grain size distribution ranging fom a maximum grain size of 10 to 50 .mu.m to a minumum grain size of less than 1 .mu.m and optionally admixed with wurtzite type boron nitride, 4 to 34% by volume of carbide, nitride or carbonitride of titanim alone or in conjunction with carbide, nitride, or carbonitride of tantalum, and the balance to make up 100% by volume of aluminum and sintering the mixture at a temperature of at least 1,200.degree. C. under pressure of at least 20,000 atmospheres. A high-hardness sintered article is obtained without entailing any loss of hardness during the course of sintering by additionally incorporating in the mixture as 100% 0.

Abstract: A cement dispersion agent comprising calcium polystyrene sulfonate having a weight average molecular weight of 5,000 to 50,000 and having a sulfonation degree of 80% or more. Further, a cement dispersion agent comprising (a) a polystyrene sulfonate and (b) at least one component selected from the group consisting of hydroxycarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, and the salts thereof.

Abstract: Fibrous silicon dioxide material that is resistant to high temperatures, particularly in the form of mats or plates, is produced by dry-spinning water glass into water glass fibers, the water glass fibers being then transformed into silica fibers by treatment with aqueous acid or salt solutions that contain hydrogen ions. The silica fibers are thereupon treated with an agent that accelerates the formation of cristobalite from amorphous silica. Such agents include, in particular, alkali hydrogen phosphates, sodium acetate and solium chloride. The fibers are dried and dehydrated at temperatures above 600.degree. C., particularly between 950.degree. C. and 1050.degree. C., before or after treatment with the accelerating agent. There dehydration occurs after such treatment, the fibers are subsequently subjected to thermal aftertreatment. When subjected to 1500.degree. C.

Abstract: A dry cement composition containing an amount of ferrous sulphate (FS) for eliminating or substantially reducing the content of water-soluble chromate, is produced by grinding a starting material (C, G) in a cement mill, and the ground cement material is passed from the mill to a storage container (33) The ferrous sulphate in an amount of 0.01-10 and preferably 0.4 percent by weight is added to and mixed with the starting material in a dry or non-dissolved condition at a location or at locations upstreams of the storage container (33). The ferrous sulphate is preferably added to the starting material upstream of the cement mill.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for improving the water separation and compression strength of cement mortar and concrete, and for extending the time taken for the cement mortar and concrete to stiffen, by adding to the mortar and concrete a waste sludge obtained by neutralizing with alkali mother liquor and optionally also contaminated gas-washing liquors obtained when producing aluminum fluoride from aluminum hydroxide and hexafluorosilicic acid. The waste sludge is added to the cement mortar and concrete in quantitites corresponding to less than 10% of a prescribed cement weight, preferably 1-5%.

Abstract: Novel compositions are disclosed for the manufacture of gunning mixes and strong castable products for use as monolithic refractory and construction materials which may contain no lime bearing cements. Bonding is based on the setting reaction of fumed silica with an alkali metal silicate preferably a particulate sodium or potassium silicate that slowly dissolves in water such as an anhydrous sodium silicate of SiO.sub.2 :Na.sub.2 O molar ratio of 1:1 to 4:1; or an anhydrated potassium silicate having an SiO.sub.2 :K.sub.2 O molar ratio of 3:1, or a hydrated sodium silicate having an SiO.sub.2 :Na.sub.2 O molar ratio of 3:1. Setting and mechanical characteristics allow this class of castable and gun mixes to be placed more rapidly into service since the time required for curing is much less. Although initial set strengths are not as high as those of conventional castables, very high strengths can be made to occur shortly after setting by heating.