Abstract: A method of applying a measurement correction includes determining an orthogonal subspace used to characterize a first principal component of the measurement and a second principal component of the measurement, and rotating the orthogonal subspace by a first angle such that the first principle component rotates to become a first factor vector and the second principle component rotates to become a second factor vector. An asymmetry vector is generated by rotating the second factor vector by a second angle, where the asymmetry vector and the first factor vector define a non-orthogonal subspace. An asymmetry contribution is determined in the measurement based on the projection of the measurement onto the first factor vector in the non-orthogonal subspace. The method also includes subtracting the asymmetry contribution from the measurement.

Abstract: An optical device includes a light modulation device disposed on an optical axis of incident light, and a holding section configured to hold the light modulation device. The holding section includes an inflow part to which a liquid supplied from an outside of the holding section inflows, a flow channel forming part disposed along a circumferential edge of the light modulation device so as to have an annular shape, and having a flow channel through which the liquid flowed from the inflow part circulates, and an outflow part from which the liquid having flowed through the flow channel outflows to the outside of the holding section. At least one of an inside of the inflow part and an inside of the flow channel is provided with at least one projection.

Abstract: An optical device includes a light modulation device disposed on an optical axis of incident light, and a holding section configured to hold the light modulation device. The holding section includes an inflow part to which a liquid supplied from an outside of the holding section inflows, a flow channel forming part disposed along a circumferential edge of the light modulation device so as to have an annular shape, and having a flow channel through which the liquid flowed from the inflow part circulates, and an outflow part from which the liquid having flowed through the flow channel outflows to the outside of the holding section. At least one of an inside of the inflow part and an inside of the flow channel is provided with at least one projection.

Abstract: An optical apparatus includes a touch substrate; a waveguide layer arranged on the touch substrate, the waveguide layer including a plurality of waveguides; an optical output structure arranged on the waveguide layer and configured to output light propagating in the plurality of waveguides at touched locations on the touch substrate; a gap layer arranged to provide a predetermined gap between the waveguide layer and the optical output structure; and an optical system, which projects light output by the optical output structure.

Abstract: A projection display apparatus that can prevent deviation in the light quantity distribution of the projected image is provided. A projection display apparatus includes: a light source unit including a light emitting element; an image light generator modulating light from the light source unit to emit image light; a projecting unit projecting the image light; a polarization modulator on which the image light is made incident and that emits light in a particular polarization state; and a depolarizer arranged on the optical path between the light emitting element and the polarization modulator.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a display device includes a reflecting member and a display. The reflecting member has a reflecting surface and has an optical property that reflected light of parallel light incident on the reflecting surface is focused a focal point. The reflecting member is fixed to a couch top on which a user lies down. The display has a display surface for displaying an image. The display is fixed to the couch top so that the display surface is positioned between the focal point and the reflecting surface to face the reflecting surface.

Abstract: An image projection apparatus includes an image generation element to form an image using light emitted from a light source, a shift unit to shift a position of the image generation element when a pixel shift mode is set, circuitry to generate, when the pixel shift mode is set, images used for the pixel shift mode based on image data input to the image projection apparatus, perform keystone correction processing to the generated images, and cause the processed images to be projected as the image by reciprocally shifting the position of the image generation element, or to perform, when the pixel shift mode is not set, the keystone correction processing to image data input to the image projection apparatus to generate an image applied with the keystone correction processing, and project the generated image without shifting the position of the image generation element.

Abstract: A light source system and a projection system include a first laser array generating a red laser light; a second laser array generating a blue laser light; a beam-splitting plate located on a light path of the first and second laser arrays, for directing some of the red laser light and some of the blue laser light to a wavelength conversion device and directing some of the blue laser light to a light scattering device. The wavelength conversion device has wavelength conversion materials for receiving the blue laser light and producing a converted light, and for receiving and scattering the red laser light to form a first red light. The light scattering device has a scattering material for scattering the blue laser light to form a blue light. A light combining device forms a combined light from the converted light, the first red light and the blue light.

Abstract: A projection image display device includes: a light source that emits a blue illumination light; a phosphor that produces, in a region irradiated by the blue illumination light, a yellow illumination light including a component in a red band and a component in a green band from a portion of the blue illumination light and that reflects the blue illumination light and the yellow illumination light; and a filter that reflects a portion of the blue illumination light reflected by the phosphor toward the phosphor. The filter reflects the portion of the blue illumination light so as to be imaged at a position displaced from a region on a phosphor surface irradiated by the blue illumination light, and the phosphor produces a yellow illumination light also from the blue illumination light reflected by the filter.

Abstract: An optical system has a first optical axis on an incident side and a second optical axis on an exit side, and the first optical axis and the second optical axis are located at different positions. The optical system includes a reflection unit including a roof surface having a first reflection surface and a second reflection surface, and a third reflection surface parallel or orthogonal to a ridge line of the roof surface. The third reflection surface is different from the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface. The reflection unit is rotatable about the first optical axis.

Abstract: An illumination device includes a light source unit including a plurality of light source regions and outputting a first color light, a light branch element that reflects a light output from at least one light source region of the plurality of light source regions and branches the first color light into a first component and a second component traveling in different directions from each other, and a wavelength conversion element provided in an optical path of the second component and excited by the second component to output a fluorescent light containing a second color light. A position of the light branch element in an arrangement direction of the plurality of light source regions is adjustable.

Abstract: A projector and a light source module including a light emitting diode element, a pin connector, and two power cords are provided. The light emitting diode element has a first electrode and a second electrode. The pin connector is disposed on the light emitting diode element and has two connection pins, wherein each connection pin has a first connection end and a second connection end, and the two first connection ends respectively contact the first electrode and the second electrode. The two power cords are respectively connected to the first electrode and the second electrode through the two connection pins, wherein each power cord includes a joint and a wire connected to each other, each joint and the corresponding second connection end are mutually plugged along a first axial direction, each wire extends out from the corresponding joint along a second axial direction perpendicular to the first axial direction.

Abstract: An exposure method sequentially exposes a plurality of shot areas of a substrate. The method includes: (i) holding the substrate on a substrate holder such that a gap is formed along an edge of the substrate; (ii) exposing one of the shot areas, located near a center of the substrate, through a liquid of a liquid immersion area which covers only a portion of a surface of the substrate, while moving the substrate at a first scanning speed; and (iii) exposing an other one of the shot areas through the liquid of the liquid immersion area, while moving the substrate at a second scanning speed lower than the first scanning speed. The other one of the shot areas is located near the edge of the substrate and the gap is included in the liquid immersion area during the exposure of the other one of the shot areas.

Abstract: In a laser light source module, a light source disposed on a base with a temperature adjusting element therebetween is covered by an inner cover, and is hermetically sealed by an outer cover. A top plate of the inner cover divides the inside of the outer cover into upper and lower sections and covers the light source from above. Side plates cover the side portions of the light source. Partitioning grid plates are provided in a space between the top plate and the outer cover, the partitioning grid plates dividing the space into multiple spaces.

Abstract: A liquid crystal projector apparatus includes: a plurality of display elements configured to individually modulate light of color components different from one another; and a controller configured to control the individual temperatures of the plurality of display elements. When the temperature of the display element in which a temperature rise rate is slowest among the plurality of display elements does not reach a predetermined temperature, the controller controls so that the temperatures of other display elements stay within a predetermined range that takes as a reference the temperature of the display element in which the temperature rise rate is slowest.

Abstract: A wavelength converter includes a rotating device, a substrate rotated by the rotating device, and a wavelength conversion element and a plurality of fins provided on a first surface of the substrate, and the first surface is so provided as to face an opening of an air introduction channel through which air for cooling the wavelength conversion element is introduced.

Abstract: In a projection apparatus, the synchronization signal generation unit is configured to output synchronization signals for controlling timing of switching a color of light output from the light source unit, the synchronization signals including a synchronization signal used for turning off one of the first and second light-emitting elements in synchronization with the detection signal, and a synchronization signal used for turning on the other light-emitting element at a next period. The control unit is configured to set an interval during which power supplied to the first and second light-emitting elements of the light source unit is stopped at all periods, based on the synchronization signals.

Abstract: A display device (30) comprises a reflective display (38) arranged to render a first image viewable through a viewing surface and a projection means (31-37) arranged to render a second image viewable in reflection on the viewing surface, the reflective display (38) and the projection means (31-37) being mounted on a common frame.

Abstract: Provided is a projection-type image display device which by means of a projection lens (2) magnifies and projects an optical image formed by a light source and an image display element, wherein an error indicator (5) for indicating anomalies in the device is disposed on the rear surface opposite the front surface of a device housing (1) to which the projection lens (2) is attached. The projection-type image display device further includes an AC voltage monitor unit (12) for monitoring voltage waveforms supplied form an external power source and retaining voltage waveform data during the latest prescribed period in a memory, and reads out the voltage waveform data from the external power source retained in the memory and displays the voltage waveform data on the error indicator (5) as said anomalies.

Abstract: A lithography system may include a wafer stage. The wafer stage may include a wafer mounting part configured to carry a wafer and configured to oscillate along a plane that is parallel to a top surface of the wafer in a wafer exposure process. The wafer stage may further include a driving device configured to affect an oscillatory movement of the wafer mounting part in the wafer exposure process.