Abstract: The mobile telephone detects bad data packets by decoding speech parameters represented by the packets and comparing those speech parameters against acceptable ranges of speech parameters. If the speech parameters do not lie within the acceptable ranges, the packets are discarded. This speech parameter-based detection of bad data packets is particularly useful in mobile telephones receiving variable rate data packets wherein an error in determining the rate of a packet results in the entire packet being decoded at an incorrect rate, thereby likely causing an annoying audible artifact in the decode speech signal. Such rate detection errors can occur even though a CRC or other conventional error detection check fails to detect the bad packet. In an exemplary implementation, the mobile telephone receives signals encoded with TIA/EIA/IS-95-A standards.

Abstract: A satellite direct radio broadcast system is provided which assembles bits of broadcast programs into prime rate increments, several of which are assembled into a frame. Frames are divided into symbols which are demultiplexed into alternating ones of a plurality of prime rate channels. The prime rate channels are demultiplexed onto a corresponding number of broadcast frequencies for transmission to a satellite. The satellite payload switches the symbols into time division multiplexed (TDM) data streams. The receivers process the TDM streams using service control headers (SCHs) provided therein by broadcast stations. The SCHs facilitate transmission of different service components within broadcast channel frames, association of a primary broadcast channel with one or more secondary broadcast channels on a frame-to-frame basis, and the transmission of multiframe bit streams, or auxiliary data throughout a broadcast channel that are independent of a service, in contiguous or non-contiguous frames.

Abstract: A Logical Switch Set (LSS) is provided comprising two or more switches that act as a single packet forwarding device with specific connection rules. The single packet forwarding device is a single logical unit. The LSS may be used as either a redundant switch set (RSS) or as a Load Sharing Switch Set (LSSS). The maximum throughput of the LSSS increases with each additional switch. A LSSS can only interconnect with the other devices via trunked links that contain at least one physical connection to each switch.

Abstract: A packet based high speed mesh forms a trunk cluster. The trunk cluster is constructed with a set of loosely coupled switches, a configuration protocol, trunked network interfaces, and optionally a reachablilty protocol. The trunk cluster provides a Logical LAN service. Each switch in the trunk cluster provides a single “shared LAN” by interconnecting two or more links. The edge devices attached to the links run a trunk configuration protocol. These attached edge devices view the trunked ports as if trunked ports are connected to a shared LAN with multiple other attached devices.

Abstract: An interactive data communication user is connected through a network to a multimedia response server. The user presses an appropriate keyboard or mouse clicks on an appropriately labeled button on a data page. An automatic call distribution device switches the session to a customer service queue for routing to the next available customer service representative. The customer service representative automatically places a internet based telephone call to the user. When the interactive session between the user and the customer service representative is completed, session control passes back to the data page server and a normal interactive session is resumed.

Abstract: An input-buffered multipoint switch having input channels and output channels includes multilevel request buffers, a data path multiplexer, and a scheduler. The switch has a distinct multilevel request buffer associated with each input channel and each request buffer has multiple request registers of a different request buffer priority. The request registers store data cell transfer requests that have been assigned quality of service (QoS) priorities, where the QoS priorities are related to packet source, destination, and/or application type. The multilevel request registers are linked in parallel to the scheduler to allow arbitration among requests of different input channels and different request buffer priority levels. The preferred arbitration process involves generating QoS priority-specific masks that reflect the output channels required by higher QoS priority requests and arbitrating among requests of the same QoS priority in QoS priority-specific multilevel schedulers.

Abstract: A low-diversity antenna diversity receiver suitable for TDMA PCS handset implementation employing two diversity branches. The receiver is capable of selecting a diversity scheme which is anticipated to give optimum signal reception among a plurality of diversity schemes installed on the receiver. This receiver, more conveniently termed multi-diversity receiver comprises a single conventional wireless digital receiver chain augmented with a few additional low-cost passive RF components and minor control circuits. A plurality of diversity algorithms, for example, selection diversity (SD), equal-gain combining (EGC) or interference-reduction combining (IRC) scheme, which are suitable for implementing on this multi-diversity receiver are also described. Simulation results showing performance of this multi-diversity receiver are also presented.

Abstract: In an ATM network, each logical subnetwork comprises a server for resolving an ATM address using layer-3 address of request message and routing a packet to the network by using a layer-3 address of the packet. A source client examines a layer-3 header of a packet to determine whether its mode of transmission is connection-oriented or connectionless, and transmits the packet, if it is connectionless, to the server for causing it to route the packet through the network, and transmits, if the packet is connection-oriented, an ATM address resolution request message to the server. The source client receives a reply message from the server containing a resolved ATM address, and transmits a signaling message containing the resolved ATM address to the network to establish a connection. Over the established connection, the source client transmits data packets.

Abstract: A method of clock recovery from a fast packet switched asynchronous network wherein a time stamp is transmitted over a network that has variable delay, involves maintaining an input counter at a sending device. The counter has a value dependent on an input clock. The value of the input counter is periodically transmitted over the network to a receiving device. A local counter at a receiving device has a value dependent on a local clock. The received value sample x.sub.i is compared with the local sample y.sub.i to derive the difference e.sub.i. The local clock frequency f.sub.j is adjusted such that the average of Emin.sub.j, where Emin.sub.j is the minimum of a block of error samples e.sub.i, remains close to a predetermined value, preferably zero. The clock recovery method is particularly suitable for MPEG2 video transmitted over ATM.

Abstract: In a communication system across an in-office PC system (10) and an in-enterprise LAN system (20), in order to perform a transmission of packet data from a DDTE (22) on the LAN side to a M-DTE (14) on the personal station side without a need of a provision of complicated means, when receiving packet data addressed to the M-DTE (14) from the DTE (22), a LAN side control unit (23) transmits a connection request including the incoming packet address to a PBX (11) of the in-office PC system (10), the PBX (11) notifies a PS (13) of the incoming signal for the packet address through a CS(12), and on the other hand, the M-DTE (14) connected to the PS (13) acknowledges the incoming signal through the PS (13) and the CS (12) when the packet address which received this notice corresponds to the M-DTE (14), thereby achieving a connection. After the connection, the control unit (23) transmits packet data to the M-DTE (14).

Abstract: In a wireless communication system, session timers are separately maintained by a communication device (101) and a system controller (104). When a portion of outbound data is sent to a base station (102) for transmission to the communication device, the base station creates at least one transmission time stamp which is then sent to the system controller (203). If a session has not been previously established, the system controller uses the at least one transmission time stamp to establish a session and initiate a session timer (204). If a session has been previously established, the system controller uses the at least one transmission time stamp to determine whether to continue the current session timer (709). This applies to inbound data as well. Furthermore, session timers can also be synchronized to paging acknowledgments (305), channel information messages (503) or channel access messages (602). In this manner, session timers are more accurately synchronized.

Abstract: The invention provides a method and system for identifying header information in a packet header, and for switching (and otherwise operating) on the packet in response thereto. A first set of header information recognizers operate in parallel on selected words of the packet header so as to recognize a header format for the packet header and to determine header information in response to that header format. A second set of header information recognizers operates on the header information to select a set of words from the packet header which are used for lookup for treatment of the packet. The same or similar header information is located in the packet header responsive to information which determines an encapsulation type for the packet, such as packets which use the IP version 4, IP version 6, or IPX protocols.

Abstract: A technique for more directly transmitting information between devices in different virtual local area networks ("VLANs") in a local area network ("LAN") is disclosed. A VLAN tag is used to forward a packet into the VLAN in which the destination device resides by attaching the VLAN tag associated with the destination device to each transmission. Devices that are not associated with the VLAN specified by the VLAN tag are thereby segregated from the packet and LAN background traffic overhead is reduced. To determine the appropriate VLAN tag the sending device transmits a NHRP query requesting connectivity information between the sender and receiver, and the receiver or an intermediary router responds with information including the VLAN tag of the receiver. Packets of data are then sent from the sending device to the receiving device with the VLAN tag of the receiver attached thereto so that a more direct connection is established with bridge hops replacing router hops.

Abstract: An ATM cell transmission route is formed by hierarchically connecting a plurality of buses for connecting at least one first device and a plurality of second devices, and an ATM cell is to be transmitted from a first device designed to transmit/receive ATM cells and connected to one of the plurality of buses. The first device generates an ATM cell transmission message by inserting the ATM cell into a message in a format depending on the bus, and outputs an address for designating a device as the destination of the ATM cell transmission message by using a bus identifier for identifying one of the plurality of buses and a device identifier for identifying one of the plurality of devices. The ATM cell transmission message is then written in the device designated by the address. With this operation, an ATM communication system having a simple arrangement can be provided.

Abstract: A ring switch for a ring network is provided. The ring switch includes at least one ring port that is coupleable to transport data packets in a ring network. Further, the ring switch includes at least one local port that is coupleable to at least one local area network. The ring switch also includes at least one address table that tracks the addresses of network devices associated with each port of the ring switch based on source addresses of data packets received at the ports of the ring switch. Data packets received at the at least one ring port that are not destined for a network device associated with any of the at least one local ports of the ring switch are switched to another ring switch coupled to the at least one ring port based on the at least one address table without the use of a token or encapsulating the packet.

Abstract: A data packet transmission system is disclosed. The system comprises a processor (178) having a memory block (202) and a communication controller (204). The processor (178) stores a data packet (205), a buffer descriptor array (206), and a header (208) in the memory block (202). The buffer descriptor array (206) has a first plurality of elements (206b, 206d, 206f, 206h, 206i), each indicating a respective segment (205a-205e) of the data packet (206), and a second plurality of elements (206a, 206c, 206e, 206g), each indicating the header (208). The processor (178) supplies the location of the buffer descriptor array (206) to the communication controller (204). In response, the communication controller (204) transmits a plurality of cells (222, 224, 226, 228), each cell including the header (208) and a segment of the data packet (205), to a destination system (180).

Abstract: A method for synchronizing a telecommunications connection in a mobile communications system including a database, at least one base station communicating with mobile stations on system channels which include control channels and traffic channels. Mobile stations communicate with other mobile stations using the base station and the system channels or communicate directly using a direct mode channel. Time slots and frame structures of the system channels are synchronized with time slots and frame structures of the direct mode channels.

Abstract: A method and a system for expanding the capacity for transmission of information in a data frame which comprises at least an information element and a control element. After the data frame is subjected to channel coding, a portion of the control element is either removed or replaced by a divided portion of the information to be transmitted in the data frame.

Abstract: An access platform pools a plurality of different signal processing resources, herein represented by different types of speech-coding algorithms. The access platform is coupled to the Internet, a local-exchange-carrier (LEC), and other communications facilities such as, but not limited to, a plurality of long-distance facilities provided by any one of a number of long distance carriers, e.g., AT&T. For each call through the access platform, one of the plurality of signal processing resources is allocated as a function of signal type either through signal detection or out-of-band signaling. For example, the access platform first determines if the call is an audio call or a non-audio (or data) call by detecting the type of signal. If the call is an audio call, the access platform switches in echo canceling resources. On the other hand, if the call is a data call, the access platform determines if a speech-coding algorithm is being used and, if necessary, switches in a compatible speech-coding resource.

Abstract: A cellular radio system in which a base station receiver can receive, on the reverse link, data from a mobile terminal in one of four control modes. In the first mode, the mobile terminal sends an independent user pilot, not synchronized with the base station, on the reverse link and the user data channel is synchronized to this independent user pilot. In the second mode, the mobile terminal slaves its user pilot to the pilot it receives from the base station and the user data channel is synchronized with this slaved user pilot. This second mode allows the user terminal to receive round trip delay information for purposes of geolocation and rapid reacquisition. In the third mode, the mobile terminal slaves its user pilot to the incoming base station pilot, as in the case of mode two, but the user data channel operates in the orthogonal mode using the ranging information received from the base station. The phase relationship between the user pilot channel and the user data channel is calibrated.