Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for managing condensate of a fuel cell. The apparatus includes a first heater for applying heat to coolant of a fuel cell stack, a second heater for applying heat to the condensate produced in the fuel cell stack, and a controller that controls an operation of the second heater using residual power based on whether at least some of functions of the first heater are activated.

Abstract: Described are systems and methods for directly monitoring the conductivity of the coolant used to regulate the temperature of a fuel cell. The system includes a coolant loop that acts as a conduit for the coolant, an ion exchanger configured to deionize the coolant, and a conductivity sensor configured to output an electrical signal indicating a conductivity of the coolant. The system also includes a processor in communication with the conductivity sensor and a memory having instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to determine the conductivity of the coolant based on the electrical signal from the conductivity sensor and determine when the ion exchanger requires servicing based on the conductivity of the coolant.

Abstract: A working machine includes an auxiliary system carried by the working machine, one or more batteries and an onboard thermal transfer system. The one or more batteries power an electrical system of the working machine. The onboard thermal transfer system utilizes a coolant configured to remove at least a portion of heat generated by the one or more batteries during charging or discharging of the one or more batteries and using the coolant heated by the thermal transfer system to heat the auxiliary system.

Abstract: A method of producing a negative electrode includes at least the following (A) to (C): (A) mixing powder consisting of lithium titanate oxide particles, a binder, and a solvent to prepare a particle-dispersed liquid; (B) granulating powder consisting of graphite-based particles by using the particle-dispersed liquid to prepare wet granules; and (C) forming the wet granules into a negative electrode composite material layer to produce a negative electrode. The negative electrode composite material layer is formed so as to include the lithium titanate oxide particles in an amount not lower than 2 mass % and not higher than 15 mass % of the total amount of the graphite-based particles and the lithium titanate oxide particles.

Abstract: Provided are a photosensitive composition for pulse exposure including: a coloring material A; a photoradical polymerization initiator B; and a radically polymerizable compound C, in which a content of a radically polymerizable compound C1 having a weight-average molecular weight of 3000 or higher is 70 mass % or higher with respect to a total mass of the radically polymerizable compound C.

Abstract: A metal-gas battery including: a battery core including: a metal anode; a non-aqueous electrolyte; a porous cathode; and terminals for providing electrical power from the battery core. The metal-gas battery further including a gas generator configured to be activated by electrical power to generate a pressurized gas; and a gas container having an opening through which the generated gas can move from the gas container into the porous cathode to activate the battery core.

Abstract: Ionic liquids that can be used to solvate cyclic carbonate esters and halogenated analogues thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: A rechargeable lithium cell comprising: (a) a cathode having a cathode active material and a first electrolyte in ionic contact with the cathode active material; (b) an anode having an anode current collector but no anode active material and having no lithium metal when the cell is made; (c) an optional porous separator electronically separating the anode and the cathode; and (d) a second electrolyte, comprising a polymer electrolyte in ionic contact with the first electrolyte, wherein the polymer electrolyte is disposed substantially between the anode and the cathode, between the separator and the cathode, and/or between the separator and the anode. The polymer electrolyte substantially does not permeate into the anode or the cathode. Also provided is a method of preparing or operating such an anode-less lithium cell.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a casing for a battery pack and a battery pack. The casing has a receiving space and an opening in communication with the receiving space, the receiving space is formed by a wall portion of the casing, and the wall portion is formed from two or more stacked base plates, between which a plurality of cavities are formed. By forming a plurality of cavities in the wall portion, the casing for a battery pack provided by the present disclosure not only can improve the bearing capacity and the impact resistance of the casing, but also can achieve a thermal management of the battery assembly by filling the plurality of cavities with a phase change material or cooling liquid, which can further improve the mechanical property of the casing with a relatively light weight and relatively high reliability.

Abstract: A composite solid electrolyte includes: a solid electrolyte; and a protective layer on a surface of the solid electrolyte, wherein the protective layer comprises a compound of Formula 1 LixM1yM2zOt+x/2??Formula 1 wherein in Formula 1, M1 is an element having a Gibbs reaction energy of greater than 0 electron-volts per mole, M2 is an element of Groups 2 to 14, 0<x<1, 0<y<1, 0?z<1, and 0<t?1.

Abstract: A battery system for providing electric power to a vehicle includes an assembly having battery cells. The battery system also includes a shear wall that is arranged along a lateral side of the assembly to provide structural support. The shear wall is two-part, including a first element and a second element, both of which may be formed from sheet metal and welded together. The first element has a first flange extending away from the lateral side of the assembly, and the second element has a second flange. The first flange and the second flange are layered together to form an interface. The flanges are welded together at the interface, proximal to the assembly, to form a resulting flange that is thicker than either individual flange and that may be mounted to a frame member. The battery system may also include another shear wall on the opposite lateral side.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a solid-state electrochemical cell having a uniformly distributed solid-state electrolyte and methods of fabrication relating thereto. The method may include forming a plurality of apertures within the one or more solid-state electrodes; impregnating the one or more solid-state electrodes with a solid-state electrolyte precursor solution so as to fill the plurality of apertures and any other void or pores within the one or more electrodes with the solid-state electrolyte precursor solution; and heating the one or more electrodes so as to solidify the solid-state electrolyte precursor solution and to form the distributed solid-state electrolyte.

Abstract: A rail vehicle has a vehicle frame, supported on track undercarriages, and a vehicle superstructure with at least one driver's cabin. A motive drive is provided and has an electric motor supplied by an electric energy store. In this, it is provided that the energy store has a tempering by use of a liquid dielectric, and that the vehicle superstructure includes a compartment, separated from the driver's cabin, in which the electric energy store is arranged within at least one fire protection cabinet with a dielectric tank located there above.

Abstract: A fuel cell system and a control method using the same. The fuel cell system includes a propeller wing of a flying object and connected to a rotor, a main radiator and a sub-radiator arranged so that heat of cooling water is dissipated by a downdraft generated by rotation of the propeller wing, and a controller to provide the cooling water to one or both of the main radiator and the sub-radiator based on an operation mode of the flying object.

Abstract: A bifunctional catalyst and a preparation method therefor are provided. The bifunctional catalyst is prepared by providing carbon matrix, adding 0.01-10 mol/L platinum containing solution, 0.01-10 mol/L palladium containing solution, 0.01-10 mol/L silver containing solution, and 0.01-15 mol/L sodium citrate trihydrate solution to the carbon matrix for reacting at 20° C. to 80° C. for 0.5 h to 24 h to obtain a mixed solution, and adding reducing agent to the mixed solution for reacting for 0.5 h to 30 h, and centrifuging and drying so as to obtain the bifunctional catalyst.

Abstract: Methods are disclosed for manufacturing an electrode for use in a device such as a secondary battery. Electrodes may include a first layer having first active particles adhered together by a binder, a second layer having second active particles adhered together by a binder, and an interphase layer interposed between the first and second layers. In some examples, the interphase layer may include an interpenetration of the first and second particles, such that substantially discrete fingers of the first layer interlock with substantially discrete fingers of the second layer.

Abstract: A binder composition includes a dispersion medium and a group of binder particles. The group of binder particles is dispersed in the dispersion medium. The group of binder particles include a polymer material. The polymer material includes a constitutional unit originated from vinylidene difluoride. The group of binder particles has a number-based particle size distribution. The particle size distribution satisfies the following conditions: “0.19?X?0.26”, “0.69?Y?0.76”, and “0?Z?0.05”. Here, “X” represents a frequency of particles each having a particle size of less than or equal to 40 ?m. “Y” indicates a frequency of particles each having a particle size of more than 40 ?m and less than or equal to 110 ?m. “Z” indicates a frequency of particles each having a particle size of more than 110 ?m and less than or equal to 250 ?m.

Abstract: A device area includes at least a first layer of photoresist and a second layer of photoresist. First layer metrology targets are positioned at an edge of one of the sides of the first layer of the mat. The first layer metrology targets have a relaxed pitch less than a device pitch. Secondary electron and back-scattered electron images can be simultaneously obtained.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a stable and high-capacity neutral aqueous redox flow lithium battery based on redox-targeting reaction and belongs to the technical field of flow lithium batteries. The present disclosure solves the technical problem that an existing flow battery can only work at low current density. The flow lithium battery of the present disclosure includes a positive electrode storage tank and a negative electrode storage tank; the positive electrode storage tank is filled with a positive electrolyte; and the negative electrode storage tank is filled with a negative electrolyte. The flow lithium battery is characterized in that the positive electrolyte includes a salt containing [Fe(CN)6]4? and/or [Fe(CN)6]3?, and the positive electrode storage tank is further filled with LFP particles and/or FP particles. The flow lithium battery of the present disclosure has wide application prospects in the field of large-scale energy storage.

Abstract: A method and a system for using flow cell batteries with mixed Fe/V electrolytes are provided. An exemplary method includes flowing an anolyte through a first channel in an electrochemical cell, wherein the first channel is formed in the space between an anode current collector and an ion exchange membrane. A catholyte is flowed through a second channel in the electrochemical cell, wherein the second channel is formed in the space between a cathode current collector and the ion exchange membrane, wherein the first channel and the second channel are separated by an ion exchange membrane, and wherein the catholyte includes a mixed electrolyte including both iron and vanadium ions. Ions are flowed through the ion exchange membrane to oxidize the anolyte and reduce the catholyte. An electric current is generated between the anode current collector and the cathode current collector.