Abstract: Electrostatographic developer compositions for use in developing electrostatic latent images wherein the triboelectric charging potential of functional polymers employed in the carrier materials are controlled through chemical alteration by aminolysis of ester functions. The controlled variation of the triboelectric behavior of functional polymers by aminolysis provides a means of attaining optimum triboelectric responses in development systems.

Abstract: Novel developers in which the toner and carrier or toner and a carrier coating comprise substantially the same composition. Methods of using the novel developers are also disclosed.

Abstract: Electrostatographic developer compositions for use in developing electrostatic latent images wherein the triboelectric charging potential of functional polymers employed in the toner materials are controlled through chemical alteration by aminolysis of ester functions. The controlled variation of the triboelectric behavior of functional polymers by aminolysis provides a means of attaining optimum triboelectric responses in development systems.

Abstract: Processes for producing colored toner particles are provided comprising mixing a monomer, a colorant and an initiator to form an oil soluble organic phase; dispersing this oil soluble phase in controlled size between 5 to 20 microns in a water phase, employing a suspending agent, for example polyvinyl alcohol; polymerizing, employing conventional suspension polymerization techniques; introducing a second monomer which is allowed to diffuse into the first polymer and consequently swells the polymer; introducing a water soluble initiator; and heating this reaction mixture to effect a polymerization of the second monomer and form the desired toner.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for electrostatic copying in which the original document is transported on a conductive grounded plate to several processing stations. The document is positioned with its image or front side on the surface of the plate. At a charging station, the back side of the document receives a uniform electrostatic charge which, in the image regions, leaks off through the plate to provide a latent electrostatic image. The document is then transported to a developing station for development of the latent image with toner and then to a transfer station where the toner is transferred to a final support material and fused to such material. Residual toner is then removed at a cleaning station.

Abstract: Electrostatographic developer compositions for use in developing electrostatic latent images wherein the triboelectric charging potential of functional polymers employed in the carrier materials are controlled through chemical alteration by acylation of hydroxyl and amino functions. The controlled variation of the triboelectric behavior of functional polymers by acylation provides a means of attaining optimum triboelectric responses in development systems.

Abstract: Development of electrostatic charge patterns (e.g., electrostatic latent images) carried on a support is accomplished in an electrographic process in which during development, an electrical field which is greater than the electrical breakdown value of the developer (i.e., greater than the maximum electrical field that the developer can support without undergoing electrical breakdown) is established across the developer in the development area. The process enables development of high quality, large solid-area images at high processing rates.

Abstract: A coating composition, useful for preventing offset of toner to a heated fuser roll, comprises a dispersion of(A) a perfluoroolefin polymer of a fluorosurfactant; and(B) a carrier such as silicone oil:Said composition, when continuously applied to the uncoated metal fuser roll, increases the wear life of that roll to the wear life of the metallic surface of the roll and considerably extends the release life.

Abstract: A novel yellow developer system is provided which employs a Yellow 97 toner in combination with a carrier coated with resin containing copper tetra-4-(octadecylsulfonomido) phthalocyanine. This developer is found to yield prints of exceptional quality and provides long developer life. Processes employing this developer in a color electrophotographic process are also disclosed.

Abstract: Electrostatographic developer compositions for use in developing electrostatic latent images wherein the triboelectric charging potential of functional polymers employed in the toner materials are controlled through chemical alteration of active hydrogen containing materials by silylation. The controlled variation of the triboelectric behavior of functional polymers by silylation provides a means of attaining optimum triboelectric responses in development systems.

Abstract: Carrier particles for use in an electrophotographic process are prepared by applying a mixture of a perfluoro acid and polyvinylidene fluoride to the surface of the carrier particle. The resulting carriers are long lived, abrasion resistant and capable of imparting a high triboelectric charge to electroscopic powders mixed therewith.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pitch impregnant composition comprising coal tar pitch, oxidized, or unoxidized petroleum pitch with stearic acid, and particulated metallic pigments including copper, aluminum, steel, silver, iron, tin, nickel and zinc metals and copper-zinc alloys. The process comprises forcing the molten impregnant composition into the surface of the porous article preferably by imposing pressure on the impregnant composition while the article to be treated is immersed therein. Articles so treated exhibit a metallic surface appearance.

Abstract: A contact fuser assembly for use in an electrostatic reproducing apparatus including an internally heated fuser roll structure comprising a rigid, thermally conductive core which is coated during operation of the assembly with a thin layer of a normally solid thermally stable material with subsequent application of a liquid release agent to the coated core. In the preferred embodiment of the invention the coating material comprises a fluorocarbon telomer such as Vydax 1000 and the liquid release agent comprises a liquid silicone oil.

Abstract: Polyarylsiloxanes are used on fusing devices in photocopiers to fix particulate thermoplastic toner to a substrate while the toner is in a fused state. The polyarylsiloxanes can be continuously applied in minimal thicknesses on the fusing device to form a thermally stable, renewable, self-cleaning layer having excellent toner release properties. A preferred polyarylsiloxane is polyphenylmethyl dimethyl siloxane.

Abstract: Method is disclosed for developing electrostatic latent images, utilizing a developer supply unit formed of a liquid repellent layer having a thickness in the range of 3.mu. to 400.mu. (preferably 5.mu. to 330.mu.), and a substrate, and having uniformly distributed pores disposed therethrough. A liquid developer is supplied to the back surface of this unit, and an exposing unit is disposed to form electrostatic latent images onto the front surface of the developer supply unit. As a result, the liquid developer applied to the back surface of the liquid repellent layer is distributed on the front surface by the action of the electric field established by the latent image.

Abstract: A novel yellow developer system is provided which employs a Yellow 29 toner in combination with a carrier coated with resin containing copper tetra-4-(octadecylsulfonomido) phthalocyanine. This developer is found to yield prints of exceptional quality and provides long developer life. Processes employing this developer in a color electrophotographic process are also disclosed.

Abstract: A novel magenta developer system is provided which employs a 2,9-dimethylquinacridone pigment and a resin toner in combination with a carrier coated with resin containing copper tetra-4-(octadecylsulfonomido) phthalocyanine. Thus, a magenta developer is provided for the first time which is capable of employing a coated conventional carrier, thereby simplifying the color electrophotographic process. Color electrophotographic process employing this developer are also disclosed.

Abstract: Carrier particles for use in an electrophotographic process are prepared by coating a particulate matrix with an ion exchange resin dispersed in a polymeric binder. The resulting coated carrier particles are long lived and depending upon the choice of ion exchange resin can be used to impart a positive or negative triboelectric charge of the magnitude desired to electroscopic powders mixed therewith.

Abstract: A carrier particle for electrostatographic developer mixtures comprising a core having a thin, wear-resistant coating of a polysulfone. The carrier coating is durable and resistant to mechanical degradation. The carrier particle is used in conjunction with finely-divided toner particles to develop electrostatic latent images.

Abstract: A method for facilitating the removal or preventing the adherence of residual oil in oil tankers and other vessels or containers, on the surfaces of oil spill cleanup equipment such as skimmers and booms, and on sucker rods or other surfaces in oil wells, by coating surfaces contacting the oil with a film of a polymer that prevents or reduces oil adherence. Materials effective in reducing oil adherence are oleophobic films formed by complexing a polyacrylamide or carboxymethylcellulose in the presence of water with salts of polyvalent metals such as aluminum, chromium and iron.