Abstract: A methane microporous carbon adsorbent comprising a thermally-treated CVD carbon having a shape in the form of a negative replica of a crystalline zeolite has a BET specific surface area, a micropore volume, a micropore to mesopore volume ratio, a stored methane value and a methane delivered value and a sequential carbon synthesis method for forming the methane microporous carbon adsorbent. Introducing an organic precursor gas for a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) period to a crystalline zeolite that is maintained at a CVD temperature forms the carbon-zeolite composite. Introducing a non-reactive gas for a thermal treatment period to the carbon-zeolite composite maintained at a thermal treatment temperature forms the thermally-treated carbon-zeolite composite. Introducing an aqueous strong mineral acid mixture to the thermally-treated carbon-zeolite composite forms the methane microporous carbon adsorbent.

Abstract: Methods of concurrently forming ammonia and solid carbon products include reacting a carbon oxide, nitrogen, and a reducing agent at preselected reaction conditions in the presence of a catalyst to form a solid carbon product entrained in a tail gas mixture comprising water and ammonia; separating entrained solid carbon product from the tail gas mixture; and recovering water and ammonia from the tail gas mixture. Systems for forming ammonia and solid carbon products from a gaseous source containing carbon oxides include mixing means for mixing the gaseous source with a reducing agent, reactor means for reacting at least a portion of the gaseous source with the reducing agent in the presence of a catalyst to produce the solid carbon products and a tail gas mixture comprising the ammonia, and solid separation means for separating the solid carbon products from the tail gas mixture.

Abstract: The present application is generally directed to ultrapure synthetic carbon materials having both high surface area and high porosity, ultrapure polymer gels and devices containing the same. The disclosed ultrapure synthetic carbon materials find utility in any number of devices, for example, in electric double layer capacitance devices and batteries. Methods for making ultrapure synthetic carbon materials and ultrapure polymer gels are also disclosed.

Abstract: A novel microporous carbon molecular sieve may be used as the basis for carbon adsorbent pellets that have discrete areas of carbonized binder and of carbonized precursor, macropores having an average pore diameter greater than or equal to 1 micrometer and a total macroporosity of at least 30 percent, both as measured by mercury porosimetry, and micropores that are capable of selectively admitting a C2-C3 alkene and excluding a C2-C3 alkane, and a total microporosity ranging from 10 percent to 30 percent. The pellets may be prepared by pyrolyzing a pellet structure comprising a carbon forming, non-melting binder and a non-porous gel type sulfonated polystyrene precursor at a temperature ranging from 500° C. to 1000° C., under an inert atmosphere and other conditions suitable to form the described pellets. The pellets are particularly useful in pressure swing and temperature swing adsorption processes to separate C2-C3 alkane/alkene mixtures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for capturing carbon dioxide CO2 by carbonation in a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) carbonation reactor wherein temperature profile is adjusted by recirculation of solid fractions of metal oxide MeO and metal carbonate MeCO3 to the CFB carbonation reactor. Also a system recirculating the metal oxide MeO and metal carbonate MeCO3 is provided by the invention.

Abstract: A method of making carbon black. Such method is described including generating a plasma by subjecting a plasma gas to a plasma arc, mixing a feedstock material with the plasma gas and combining the mixture in a reactor at a given reactor temperature to produce carbon black, wherein the feedstock is mixed with the plasma gas outside of the area occupied by the plasma arc. The carbon black produced by such process is also described.

Abstract: The invention in its various embodiments is directed to methods and equipment for generating an activated sorbent from a sorbent precursor with the addition of certain chemicals that enhance the effectiveness of the activated sorbent. The invention in its various embodiments is also directed to the methods and equipment for generating some of the chemicals that are added to the raw carbonaceous material or activated sorbent to enhance its effectiveness. The invention in its various embodiments is also directed to methods and equipment for generating certain chemicals that can be added to a gas stream to convert a given gaseous pollutant to a form that is more easily removed from the gas stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing a hollow carbon structure. The method includes a step of calcining a solid component separated after a cracking reaction of a heavy hydrocarbon fraction; and a step of performing an acid treatment or base treatment on the solid component calcined in the above-described step. The present invention provides a method of preparing a hollow carbon structure which may be used to separate carbon dioxide, to remove a sulfur compound, and as a carrier of various substances by performing various pre-processes on carbon generated on a surface of a spent catalyst which is used in a cracking reaction of a heavy hydrocarbon fraction.

Abstract: A CVD single crystal diamond material suitable for use in, or as, an optical device or element. It is suitable for use in a wide range of optical applications such as, for example, optical windows, laser windows, optical reflectors, optical refractors and gratings, and etalons. The CVD diamond material is produced by a CVD method in the presence of a controlled low level of nitrogen to control the development of crystal defects and thus achieve a diamond material having key characteristics for optical applications.

Abstract: A nanospike hybrid carbon black product includes a plurality of carbon black aggregates. Each of the carbon black aggregates has a surface with a plurality of carbon nanospike formed thereon. The carbon nanospikes may each have a length between about 5 nm and 100 nm, and a width between about 5 nm and about 50 nm. A method for manufacturing the nanospike hybrid carbon black product includes the steps of injecting a primary carbon feedstock into a carbon black reactor, and combusting the carbon feedstock under a predetermined high temperature in the carbon black reactor to form carbon black aggregates. A catalyst is then deposited on surfaces of the carbon black aggregates. A secondary carbon feedstock is injected into the carbon black reactor, and reacted with the catalyst to grow carbon nanospikes on the surfaces of the carbon black aggregates.

Abstract: Provided is a method for preparing a stable amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC), which can be obtained either in suspension or as a powder. The method comprises stepwise combination of a soluble calcium salt, a soluble carbonate, a first and second stabilizer, and a water miscible organic solvent as described herein. The present invention further relates to stable ACC suspensions and dry powders produced by the method of the present invention.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a carbon catalyst according to the present invention includes: a first step S2 involving heating a raw material containing a resin and a metal to carbonize the resin so that a carbon catalyst is obtained; a second step S3 involving subjecting the carbon catalyst to a treatment for removing the metal; and a third step S4 involving subjecting the carbon catalyst that has been subjected to the treatment to a heat treatment to improve an activity of the carbon catalyst.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified biochar and the use of the biochar as a soil amendment. The modified biochar can be produced by contacting biochar with an acid-containing solution obtained from an acid containing stream produced in a pyrolysis process, which produces biochar. In accordance with one aspect, a cellulose-containing biomass is pyrolyzed to generate a gaseous organic acid-containing stream, which is condensed to produce an organic acid-containing solution. The biochar is then modified by contact with the organic acid-containing solution.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a carbon material, the method utilizing a cellulosic material and enables the carbon material, which retains the shape of the cellulosic material, to be produced in high yield. The method for producing a carbon material is characterized by comprising the steps of: allowing a cellulosic material and/or a regenerated cellulosic material to adsorb a sulfonic acid; and heating the cellulosic material and/or the regenerated cellulosic material which has adsorbed the sulfonic acid at a temperature of 600-2800° C. in an inert gas atmosphere.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method of carbonaceous material for a negative electrode of lithium ion capacitors, wherein the carbonaceous material is obtained from plant-derived char as a source, potassium and iron are sufficiently removed, and an average particle diameter thereof is small; and a carbonaceous material for a negative electrode of lithium ion capacitors. The object can be solved by a method for manufacturing a carbonaceous material having an average diameter of 3 to 30 ?m, for a negative electrode of lithium ion capacitors comprising the steps of: (1) heating plant-derived char having an average particle diameter of 100 to 10000 ?m at 500° C. to 1250° C. under an inert gas atmosphere containing a halogen compound to demineralize in a gas-phase, (2) pulverizing a carbon precursor obtained by the demineralization in a gas-phase, (3) calcining the pulverized carbon precursor at less than 1100° C. under a non-oxidizing gas atmosphere.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing calcium carbonate using a direct carbonation reaction. The method includes dissolving fuel gas desulfurization gypsum into an ammonia solution, performing a filtering process after making a carbonation reaction by feeding carbon dioxide into the ammonia solution in which the fuel gas desulfurization gypsum is dissolved, and performing a filtering process after precipitating the calcium carbonate by maintaining a filtered solution in a stationary state.

Abstract: A process for removing acid gases from a hydrocarbonaceous fluid stream or an oxygen-comprising fluid stream in which the fluid stream is contacted with an aqueous solution which is essentially free from inorganic basic salts and comprises (i) at least one amine and (ii) at least one metal salt of an aminocarboxylic acid and/or an aminosulfonic acid. Conjoint use of the aminocarboxylic and/or aminosulfonic salt reduces the coabsorption of hydrocarbons or oxygen without significantly impairing the absorption rate at which acid gases are absorbed, without significantly reducing the absorption capacity of the solution for acid gases, and without significantly increasing the energy demand required for regeneration.

Abstract: Using a method and installation for separating acid components, dust and tar from hot gases of gasification installations, an economical method using a corresponding installation is to be created, which enables acid compounds HF, HCl, H2S, dust and tar to be reliably separated in the highest possible temperature range. The aim is achieved in that the media flow leaving the gasification at above 700° C. is fed with additives to a desulfurization process and subsequently to a combined cyclone 9 having associated filter cartridges 17 in a common vessel 8, and the gas is withdrawn for further use downstream of the filter cartridges.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for carbonizing carbon dioxide, comprising the step of contacting carbon dioxide with a solution of chelating agent or a solution of substance which exhibits chelating properties under dynamic conditions to generate oxygen and carbon particles. The method of the invention is significantly more economical and convenient and do not cause harm to the environments. The invention also exhibits a novel and unique feature that elemental carbon and oxygen are generated as final products under normal room temperature and atmosphere, and the carbon can be recovered as an energy source.

Abstract: The present patent application discloses a novel sol-gel process to synthesize a nano-porous solid carbon material—suitable for use in electrodes in energy storage applications—from a combination of liquid reagents that undergo a polymerization reaction to form a matrix.