Abstract: A process wherein an incineration grate is tempered by a medium that flows therethrough. The grate has a number of hollow plates made of sheet metal. Each plate lies on the next underlying plate. A connection pipe is arranged on one side of each plate and a discharge pipe is arranged on the other side of each plate for the flowing medium. The individual plates are crossed by a plurality of tubular elements which open on the top side of the plates. Primary air is supplied to the materials to be incinerated through the tubular elements. Primary air supply is individually dosed to each tubular element.

Abstract: An incineration plant includes a heat exchanger arranged in a flue gas flow following a reduction stage for nitrogen oxides and in front of a flue gas dust collector, and a heat transfer medium circuit for absorbing heat from the heat exchanger in the flue gas flow. The heat exchanger is connected to the heat transfer medium circuit such that the heat transfer medium conducted in the circuit is admitted to the heat exchanger. The heat transfer medium circuit has at least one additional heat exchanger for absorbing heat from the heat transfer medium. A feed water preheater is arranged in the heat transfer medium circuit.

Abstract: This invention relates to a natural gas fire water boiler having a spirally wrapped finned heat exchanger surrounding a burner. The center of the heat exchanger being plugged by a core having a constantly reducing diameter truncated cone top.

Abstract: An incinerator comprises a feeding plate, a first combustion chamber, a second combustion chamber, a curved duct, an air exhausting device, a water screen device, and a water tank. The feeding plate is provided on the underside thereof with a vibrating device for causing the feeding plate to vibrate so as to move trash gradually into the first combustion chamber in which trash is incinerated to produce ash and exhaust fume which is then burned completely in the second combustion chamber. When the exhaust fume is passed through the water screen located in the curved duct, ash contained in the exhaust fume is washed away and deposited in the water tank which is provided therein with a device for removing ash that is deposited in the water tank.

Abstract: The present invention provides a relatively compact and highly robust waste-to-energy conversion system and apparatus which has the advantage of complete or substantially complete conversion of a wide range of waste streams into useful gas and a stable, nonleachable solid product at a single location with greatly reduced air pollution to meet air quality standards. The gas may be utilized in a combustion process to generate electricity and the solid product can be suitable for various commercial applications. Alternatively, the solid product stream, which is a safe, stable material, may be disposed of without special considerations as hazardous material. In one embodiment of the invention, the conversion system includes an arc plasma furnace directly coupled to a joule heated melter.

Abstract: Furnace combustion in a multi-stage or variable input furnace is controlled by operating the furnace in a high fire mode at furnace start-up until the temperature of the products of combustion, or a temperature corresponding to the products of combustion, equals or exceeds a selected temperature. A temperature sensor, preferably a thermostat, is located downstream of the furnace zone of combustion (e.g., in a flue collector box at an outlet from the heat exchanger). The thermostat provides an indication of the products of combustion temperature and has a set point corresponding to the selected temperature. When the products of combustion temperature is less than the selected temperature, the thermostat contacts remain closed. The furnace is operated in the high fire mode while the thermostat contacts remain closed in response to a demand for heating, irrespective of whether the demand is for first stage or second stage heating.

Abstract: A combustion apparatus includes a combustion chamber having a bottom portion, and a blower for supplying air. An air blowing section is provided at a lower portion of the combustion chamber and blows out the air supplied from the blower toward the bottom portion. As a result, air is moved toward the bottom portion in the center portion of the lower portion of the combustion chamber in a radius direction and combustion gas rises upwardly along a wall of the combustion chamber. Therefore, a maximum combustion temperature portion is confined in the vicinity of the bottom portion by a forced air flow. Also, the combustion temperature in the lower portion of the combustion apparatus is high and that in the upper portion thereof is low. That is, the combustion temperature distribution is inverted, compared to that in the conventional combustion apparatus.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for detecting an abnormality of a fluidized bed boiler is characterized in that an abnormality of the fluidized bed boiler is detected on the basis of a physical quantity related to a condition change of a gas existing in a space defined by a pressure vessel and the fluidized bed boiler accommodated within the pressure vessel.

Abstract: A method of destructively distilling an organic material in particulate form wherein the particulates are introduced through an inlet into one end of an inner rotating kiln ganged to and coaxial with an outer rotating kiln. The inner and outer kilns define a cylindrical annular space with the inlet being positioned in registry with the axis of rotation of the ganged kilns. During operation, the temperature of the wall of the inner rotary kiln at the inlet is not less than about 500.degree. C. to heat the particulate material to a temperature in the range of from about 200.degree. C. to about 900.degree. C. in a pyrolyzing atmosphere to reduce the particulate material as it moves from the one end toward the other end.

Abstract: An improved access laundry appliance is provided for a cabinet defining an enclosed compartment. A cylindrical drum is rotatably mounted within the compartment and forms a fabric enclosure for containing laundry therein. The drum has an uncovered drum access opening through which laundry may be placed into and removed from the fabric enclosure. The cabinet has exterior front and top cabinet surfaces formed by cabinet front and top walls and includes a cabinet access opening therein adjacent the drum access opening providing direct communication through the cabinet and the drum access opening into the fabric enclosure. The cabinet access opening is formed at least partially in the cabinet front wall and at least partially in the cabinet top wall and has a perimeter extending therearound. The perimeter extends between first and second substantially vertical planes which are spaced apart from one another.

Abstract: A method of treating solid residue resulting from combustion of a sulfur-containing fuel in the hearth of a boiler having a circulating fluidized bed, in which method limestone is inserted into the hearth so as to make it possible to absorb the resulting sulfur dioxide in the form of calcium sulfate CaSO.sub.4, the method further including the following steps:1) prior to being inserted into the hearth, the fuel is ground down to less than 100 microns;2) prior to being inserted into the hearth, the limestone is ground down to a grain-size centered in the range 100 microns to 150 microns, with a maximum of 1 mm;3) at the base of the hearth, the combustion residue is collected, which residue includes lime and calcium sulfate resulting from taking up the sulfur dioxide SO.sub.2 evolved by the combustion, and the residue is subjected to heat treatment in a reactor, in which both solid matter based on lime CaO, and also a gaseous mixture containing, in particular, sulfur dioxide SO.sub.

Abstract: An installation for the batchwise destruction of noxious materials is described. The noxious material is fed batchwise into a combustion furnace holding a burning coal bed which induces combustion or detonation and also serves as damper for explosion fragments. Burning combustion gases are withdrawn from the upper part of the furnace and conducted while burning to a gas/solid separator. Optionally the burnt out combustion gases are bubbled through water or aqueous solution for the absorption of poisonous gas components and an essentially clean carbon dioxide/air mixture is discharged to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A furnace includes a decomposition chamber configured to form a fire pit for controlled decomposition of combustible waste material, a preheat chamber connected to and located generally above the decomposition chamber, and an afterburn chamber operably connected to an outlet on the decomposition chamber. The decomposition chamber includes an inlet for allowing controlled input of air to the decomposition chamber to create an oxygen-starved environment. The outlet is positioned generally opposite the inlet on the decomposition chamber and adjacent the fire pit such that the gases from the preheat chamber and the decomposition chamber flow generally across the decomposition chamber and through the burning/decomposing waste materials in the fire pit. The afterburn chamber chamber operates with a vacuum such that the gases and vapors from the preheat chamber and the decomposition chamber are drawn through the fire pit such that they are treated by the hot decomposing matter in the fire pit.

Abstract: A method and configuration suited to feeding a water-containing fuel such as peat or brown coal into a pressurized space such as a pressurized dryer or a high-pressure gasifier. A fuel with a high moisture content requires drying in a dryer prior to gasification or combustion. In the dryer, the fuel is dewatered, whereby the separated water is discharged as steam from the dryer. The generated steam is separated from the fuel flow exiting the dryer and it can be routed as injection steam to a gas turbine. When a portion of the steam extracted from the fuel flow exiting the dryer is fed into the fuel entering the dryer or to a heat exchanger, which is employed for heating the fuel flow, a fuel of higher moisture content can be fed into the dryer, or alternatively, the moisture content of the fuel can be increased to improve the feed of the fuel. The method imparts no reduction of the economy of the energy generation process.

Abstract: Toxic wastes and other contaminants are removed from soil which is fed through a passage in an agitating means into a retort (10, 110) where the soil is agitated and brought into contact with the retort walls (11, 111, 111A) (at a temperature preferably above 500.degree. C.) to cause the toxic wastes or contaminates to be desorbed. The "off-gases" from the soil may be mixed with air/fuel in a combustion chamber (31, 131), to heat the retort; may be burnt in a secondary burner (40) to preheat and/or dry the soil feed; or be condensed in a condenser (41) and stored.

Abstract: A system for pyrolysis of hydrocarbon constituents of waste material including a treatment unit featuring a retort with a ellipsoidal cross-section forming a first retort half and a second retort half, the material to be treated being selectively deposited in only one half of the retort at a time during any given period of system operation, to avoid abrasion and wear of the half not in use, thus effectively doubling the life of the retort component. Another feature of a treatment unit according to the invention is a heat reclamation arrangement that introduces gases that have first been combusted to supply heat energy to the retort through a conduit directly into the interior of the retort, to improve the efficiency with which pyrolysis takes place. Further, the treatment unit has an exhaust and cleaning arrangement to render gases produced during pyrolysis substantially free of pollutants such that the gases can be vented to the atmosphere.

Abstract: The gas from combustion or gasification of fossil fuel contains flyash and other particulate. The flyash is separated from the gas in a plurality of standleg moving granular-bed filter modules. Each module includes a dipleg through which the bed media flows into the standleg. The bed media forms a first filter bed having an upper mass having a first frusto-conical surface in a frusto-conical member at the entrance to the standleg and a lower mass having a second frusto-conical surface of substantially greater area than the first surface after it passes through the standleg. A second filter media bed may be formed above the first filter media bed. The gas is fed tangentially into the module above the first surface. The flyash is captured on the first frusto-conical surface and within the bed mass. The processed gas flows out through the second frusto-conical surface and then through the second filter bed, if present.

Abstract: A freezing apparatus comprising: a container having an opening at the top thereof; a cover removably positionable over the opening; and a cooling unit which includes a cooling element and an air circulating fan. The cover has a port provided therein for receiving the cooling element and air circulation fan.

Abstract: A waste material such as waste tires is incinerated by dry distillation and gasification in gasification and combustion furnaces. The waste material in the gasification furnace is determined as having been ignited when the temperature of a combustible gas in the combustion furnace is detected by a temperature sensor as having reached a temperature at which the combustible gas is capable of spontaneous combustion within a predetermined time period after an igniting nozzle stops supplying combustion flames to the waste material in the gasification furnace. If the waste material is not determined as having been ignited, then the igniting nozzle is controlled to supply combustion flames again to the waste material in the gasification furnace.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, a method for supplying solid material such as hot carbonaceous material from a pyrolyzer or reactor to a furnace, is provided comprising providing a screw conveyor for receiving the solid carbonaceous material from the pyrolyzer or reactor preferably from above the conveyor and transporting it along its length to a vaned rotor preferably positioned on the axle of the screw conveyor preferably substantially near the end of the screw conveyor for supplying the carbonaceous material to the furnace.