Abstract: A burner (10) for the combustion of fuel comprises a passage (32) through which in operation a mixed flow of fuel and air passes for primary combustion at it's outlet. Two further annular passages (34, 36), concentric with and radially outward of the passage (32), are provided through which supplementary flows of air pass to support the primary combustion. The outlets of the two annular passages (34, 36) diverge to discharge the supplementary flows of air at an angle to the mixed flow of fuel and air. Members (62) are provided in the annular passage which obstruct the discharge of the supplementary flow of air. Furnace gases circulate in the region downstream of the obstruction members (62). Circulation of the furnace gases delays the mixing of the fuel and air mixture with the supplementary air flows to reduce the nitrogen oxides produced.

Abstract: In a scrap conveyor for feeding a scrap to a processing furnace such as an arc furnace, etc, while pre-heating the scrap by an exhaust gas from the processing furnace, the periphery of the scrap conveyor is covered with a gas seal cover, a flue is disposed above the scrap conveyed, an exhaust gas passage portion is disposed below the scrap conveyor, and an exhaust gas suction duct opening to the exhaust gas passage portion through an exhaust gas suction space is disposed. In the conveyor, an exhaust gas flow passage for allowing the exhaust gas inside the flue to pass through the scrap from its surface layer to its lower layer is formed inside the layer of the scrap, so that pre-heating of the scrap can be efficiently effected throughout the whole layer of the scrap.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a furnace intended for the thermal treatment of solid materials, comprising a rotary element (1) in which said solid materials circulate longitudinally, and a means (9) for heating said materials, which extends longitudinally in the furnace, the solid materials moving forward through about two lengths inside the rotary element (1). According to the invention, the heating means (9) is stationary, intended for channelling the solid materials and for preheating them. More specifically, the heating means (9) is arranged coaxially and inside the rotary element (1) so that, in the axial zone delimited by the heating means, the solid materials exhibit the highest temperatures.

Abstract: The invention relates to an afterburner for various incinerators, said afterburner (3) including a housing portion provided with a smoke delivering pipe (2) for carrying the smokes coming from an incinerator firing chamber (1) into the afterburner chamber. The chamber (3) is provided with a burner (7), for example an oil burner or a gas burner. The chamber (3) is further fitted with a smoke dispensing box (9), whereby the particles not yet incinerated are recycled back into the fling chamber (1) and the flue gases are delivered into a flue gas scrubber (12). Between the afterburner (3) and the smoke dispensing box (9) is a wall (16) including a perforated section.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a method of use for an air-moving appliance for personal use, in particular a hair dryer or a hot-air curling brush, comprising a body (10) and a two-dimensional air discharge means (12) which includes a series of air exit apertures (14) and carries a series of hair pickup elements (16) arranged adjacent to each other. Downward ends (18) of the hair pickup elements (16) lie on a substantially concave surface.

Abstract: Fluid-cooled grate bars and grates for use in a combustion furnace such as a garbage incineration plant and a process for cooling the grate bars and grates. The grate bar has a duct defined therewithin for guiding a coolant supplied by a fluid-cooling apparatus. The primary coolant is preferably water. Steam formation is prevented by pressurizing the water. Additional or replacement coolant such, for example, as air may be employed for the grate bars and grates.

Abstract: This invention incinerates bio-active, or any solid wastes with high organic contents and a major recoverable liquid component, at an extremely high temperature with minimum added fuel, air pollution, space, time and labor. This invention removes the liquid components through a separate route from the combustion zone, maintains a very high incineration temperature for a complete oxidation of dried solid by minimizing the exhaust gas volume, excess combustion air, the exit exhaust gas temperature and the heat loss with a use of a matched pair of high-temperature ceramic heat recuperators which have very large surface area per mass.

Abstract: A method of incinerating wastes while controlling the production of dioxins wherein water vapor or water is sprayed in the main combustion zone of an incinerator. An apparatus for practicing the method of waste incineration, including a line for supplying main combustion air, either alone or together with a line for supplying recycled combustion gas, to the incinerator from below its hearth, is provided with a line for supplying water vapor or water in communication with the line or lines.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved coal injection and coal feed system for use with a coal-fired firetube boiler. More specifically, the coal injection system of the present invention comprises an educator and a coal delivery tube. The coal feed system of the present invention comprises a coal hopper, gyratable bin, gyration device, discharge plenum and feed conveyor.

Abstract: The reactor (1) that is used to melt combustion residues incorporates a vertical partition wall (4) that incorporates return flow openings (7) and an overflow (6), wherein foamed slag is produced in the chamber (3) by the injection of gases through base nozzles (10) and the foam collapses in the second chamber (5) or the return flow channel. The liquid slag is drawn off through the taphole (11) after the desired conversion.

Abstract: A lump breaker apparatus mounted to an airlock of an economizer ash hopper for breaking up ash clinkers accumulated on a grating disposed in the airlock to maintain the passage of ash through the grating of the airlock. The apparatus comprising a pneumatic cylinder having a rod extending therefrom with a ramming plate connected to a distal end thereof and slidably disposed on the grating of the airlock, a mounting assembly for mounting the cylinder to the airlock and a seal assembly for providing a slidable seal about the rod. The ramming plate reciprocally movable from a retracted position to an extended position along the grating to impact the ash clinkers on the grating of the airlock with sufficient force to fragment such ash clinkers and to permit the passage of some ash clinkers through the grating.

Abstract: This invention related to aprocessing device such as a calciner or the like. The processing vessel is vertical with concentric cylindrical inner and outer walls, closely spaced and heated for rapid thermal processing, with strong boiling, evaporating, fluidizing and gasifying feed. This vigorous action is helping the steady gravitational movement of feed through the vessel. A top inlet for feed and a bottom outlet for residue are provided. Means for preventing air infiltration and means for controlling flow and keeping vessel filled during processing are provided. Any number of outlets for steam, boiling hot water, fluidized and gasified material at various heights of the vessel. Some material require addition of catalysts to bring about a chemical change and reduction in a pyrolitic process.

Abstract: A high temperature furnace and method for thermally decomposing solid combustible fuels into usable products to provide a source of heat to a selected area is disclosed. Solid combustible fuel, such as waste automobile tires, are introduced into a reaction vessel or combustion chamber which is defined by an outer wall. The reaction vessel has an upper portion and a lower portion with a central partition dividing the lower portion into compartments. Each compartment holds a fuel bed having a selected height wherein the sold fuel accumulates as it is being decomposed. Each compartment also has a bottom opening. Air ducts located along the outer wall of the reaction vessel and in the central partition supply pressurized air to the interior of the reaction vessel. An exhaust duct which communicates with the upper portion of the reaction vessel is supplied for venting off combustion or pyrolysis products from the reaction vessel to the selected area.

Abstract: A cogeneration apparatus comprising: a transporting structure, including a support frame, for transporting the cogeneration apparatus; an electrical generator, mountable on the support frame, for generating an electrical current; a driver, mountable on the support frame, for driving the electrical generator, said driver producing an exhaust gas when operated; and a heat recovery assembly, mountable on the support frame, for recovering heat from the exhaust gas. A novel valve and a novel boiler system preferred for use in the inventive cogeneration apparatus are also provided.

Abstract: A smokeless mobile agricultural field burner for burning agricultural waste products, mainly rice straw, in the field without releasing excessive air pollution into the environment. The burner consists of a main structure, either self-propelled or towed, that serves as a burn chamber. The sides, top and rear of the main structure are enclosed, while the front and bottom are open, allowing fire to come into contact with the ground to provide sterilization benefits to the soil thereby helping to control soil contamination. Destruction of the waste products is facilitated by a series of primary burners in the burn chamber. Smoke, debris and ash resulting from the primary burn are channeled through the interior of the burner into exhaust ducts by air currents generated by a blower mounted on the outside of the main structure. Once in the exhaust ducts the smoke and debris is destroyed by a set of afterburners, then allowed to escape to an exhaust chamber.

Abstract: Waste disposal system (10) is provided comprising first combustion chamber (40) for incinerating waste material to produce ash and exhaust containing gases and particulate matter. Waste disposal system (10) also has includes second combustion chamber (60) for firing the exhaust containing gases and particulate matter. The waste disposal system of the present invention also includes a plurality of subsystems working in cooperation with first (40) and second (60) combustion chambers, and control system (220) to control the plurality of subsystems to ensure the desired level of incineration of the waste in the first and second combustion chambers. Control system (220) includes a plurality of sensors to measure conditions throughout waste disposal system (10), and controller (221) to continuously monitor the measured conditions and to compare each of the measured conditions to a predetermined performance range.

Abstract: A high efficiency furnace having a heat exchanger and an inducer fan housing attached to the flue gases exit of the heat exchanger to draw flue gases out of the exchanger and force the gases out of the furnace under pressure through a venting system. A condensate return channel is provided for directing condensate developed in the vent system back into the inducer housing where it its removed from the furnace by a drain.

Abstract: An improved kiln for the calcination of a powder comprises a directly heated rotary kiln in which at least a part of the inner circumferential wall is equipped with a plurality of protrusions. The protrusions are shaped so that the powder is substantially not lifted during operation of the kiln. In a preferred embodiment the protrusions have the shape of a triangular prism and are positioned within the kiln so as to pass through the powder in the manner of a plough. Preferably the top face of the prism is an isosceles triangle in which the equal angles are greater than the angle of repose of the powder for which the kiln is designed.

Abstract: When burning problematic fuels, the hot flue gas produced is held physically separate from the superheater (4) of the plant, a part of the hot flue gas being made to flow towards a heat exchanger (3), in which an energy carrier is heated and transfers the heat to the superheater (4). In this manner, problems due to high-temperature corrosion are avoided.

Abstract: A cloud or dispersion of a particulate flux is formed in a combustion zone for the purpose of capturing metallic vapor from the combustion gas by formation of a eutectic of the metal and the flux, as a melt on at least the surfaces of the dispersed flux particles. The flux particles are heated within the combustion zone to a temperature sufficient to form the eutectic melt. The preferred flux particles utilized in the invention include conventional metallurgical fluxes, e.g. calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate and magnesium carbonate.