Abstract: A measuring device serves to determine an active channel from a plurality of channels of known frequencies. In this context, it comprises a processor (11) which, in turn, comprises a transform unit (20). This transform unit (20) is embodied to transform the signal which contains the active channel or a signal (30) derived from this signal into a signal in the frequency domain (31). The processor (11) further contains a detection unit (28), which is embodied to detect the active channel in the signal in the frequency domain (31).

Abstract: A mobile communication system which consists of a plurality of MANETs and nodes, which comprises a transceiver at each node. Each transceiver is a combination of a hopping transmitter operating according to a predetermined hopping sequence and rate and a wideband reference receiver, that can simultaneously receive at once, the whole operating band assigned to the system. Each transceiver further includes a circuitry for reallocating simultaneously receiving channels, dynamically spread over a wideband frequency range and circuitry for determining transmission hopping patterns to use the least possible number of frequencies according to the active population status of nodes that belong to the plurality of MANETs.

Abstract: A method of watermarking a video signal includes encoding the video signal using at least one encoding parameter that is time-varied according to a watermarking pattern. The parameter affects information lost while encoding the signal. The parameter may be a quantization factor corresponding to a particular coefficient of an encoding transform. The parameter may be an element of a quantization matrix corresponding to a particular coefficient in a block DCT transform. The method may be implemented in devices with limited processing resources by means of a software update. The method enables the devices to imprint an encoded signal with a robust watermark, which may survive subsequent decompression and recompression. Alternatively, a video signal may be watermarked by modifying a magnitude of a non-dc spatial frequency component in a manner which varies with time according to a watermarking pattern. Corresponding watermark detection methods and watermarking devices also are disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method and an apparatus for obtaining the Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) information of a CCCH, wherein the method for obtaining the HARQ information of the CCCH comprises: a base station receiving a request message from a Radio Network Controller (RNC), wherein the request message is used to indicate the HARQ information used by the CCCH; the base station obtaining the HARQ information used by the CCCH according to the request message. According to the present invention, the base station obtains the HARQ information of the CCCH according to the message from the radio network controller, thus which is convenient for both the base station and a UE to know exactly the corresponding relationship between the CCCH logical channel and the HARQ used by the CCCH logical channel, thereby guaranteeing Node B to perform decoding correctly and improving the reception success rate of signal and data.

Abstract: Apparatus having related methods and computer programs comprises an input circuit and one or more output circuits; a forwarding engine to transfer packets to the output circuits; and a rate limiting circuit to selectively pass packets from the input circuit to the forwarding engine, the rate limiting circuit comprising a counter to keep a count, an increment circuit to increment the count when the input circuit receives a packet, a decrement circuit to decrement the count by a decrement amount, an action circuit to perform action(s) based on the count and count threshold(s), and a configuration register to store a sampling flag, wherein when the sampling flag is set, the decrement amount is set to zero and the actions include sending a packet to a predetermined destination, and setting the count to zero, when the count exceeds a count threshold.

Abstract: A flow control sender includes an ingress port with one or more Class Groups (CG) defined including a shared buffer pool, a shared counter per ingress port per CG tracking an amount of the shared buffer pool utilized by each CG, an ingress port utilization counter per ingress port tracking an amount of the shared buffer pool utilized by the ingress port, and a controller computing a dynamic threshold for each CG, comparing the dynamic threshold of each CG with the ingress port utilization counter, and determining a particular CG experiencing congestion when the ingress port utilization counter is greater than the dynamic threshold for the particular CG. A flow control receiver ceases transmission of data packets to the particular CG experiencing congestion and allows transmission of the data packets corresponding to other CGs.

Abstract: The present invention is directed, in various embodiments, to a hardware supported duplication token for arbitrating active and standby module states, a weighted state of health exchange for identifying unhealthy module states and relative module health states, and a packet sequence number synchronization technique for maintaining desired levels of synchronization between the active and standby modules.

Abstract: A communication system capable of improving a TCP transmission efficiency includes a transmitter for transmitting data packets; a receiver connected to the transmitter, and for receiving the data packets and transmitting to the transmitter response signals with respect to the received data packets; and a multiplexer for multiplexing and transmitting to the transmitter the response signals transmitted from the receiver, and transmitting the transmitted data packets from the transmitter to a corresponding receiver, the multiplexer provided with a queue status monitor for monitoring queue statuses of the transmitted data packets and/or response signals, and a congestion control adjuster instructing the receiver to hold or compress the response signals based on the monitored queue status. Accordingly, the communication system can carry out efficient TCP congestion control by reducing a load of the TCP congestion control of the transmitters and receivers.

Abstract: A system for reliably broadcasting a data packet under an ad-hoc network environment including a determining unit for determining whether or not at least one node receiving the broadcast data packet is a relay node, a comparing unit for comparing a first relay node sequence number contained in a management packet which the node transmits with a second relay node sequence number stored in a neighbor table of the node, and a control unit for determining whether or not the data packet is retransmitted to the node according to a result of the comparison of the comparing unit. By comparing the second relay node sequence number stored in the neighbor table of the node which has broadcast the data packet with the first relay node sequence numbers transmitted through a Hello packet, it is possible to check whether or not the data packet is lost during broadcasting, and thus it is possible to reduce a loss factor of the data packet which is generated during broadcasting.

Abstract: A system utilization rate managing device that realizes a management of a system performance and an optimization of the number of operating nodes of different performances and architectures is provided. A node maximum-performance setter of a processing device files a maximum performance of each node constituting an external system into a node maximum-performance memory section of a memory device. A resource utilization rate acquirer acquires a resource utilization rate of each node, and gives it to a virtual utilization rate calculation section. The virtual utilization rate calculation section calculates a virtual utilization rate of the system from the maximum performance of each node retained in a node maximum-performance memory section and the resource utilization rate of each node, and gives the virtual utilization rate to an output section. The output section outputs the virtual utilization rate to an output device.

Abstract: A system and method manages Quality-of-Service (QoS) in a network by allocating resources, such as available network bandwidth. The network devices transmit and receive data traffic streams, each of which includes QoS parameters, including a priority level and bandwidth allocation. The method includes choosing which existing QoS allocations are pre-empted, notifying original requesters of pre-empted allocations, and re-establishing pre-empted allocations with appropriate modifications. If a new QoS request cannot be accommodated due to the previous allocations to lower-priority requesters, the existing lower-priority allocations are released until enough allocations are released to accommodate the new request. Once the new request is allocated, the pre-empted configurations may be reallocated.

Abstract: An intelligent congestion feedback apparatus and method thereof includes a source endpoint transmitting data packets, and a destination endpoint receiving the data packets, and a timer in the destination endpoint set to zero. An intermediate node detects congestion between the source endpoint and the destination endpoint. Upon congestion detection, the intermediate node marks the data packets transmitted to the destination endpoint indicative of congestion. Upon receipt of the marked data packets, the timer begins reverse counting from a preset time value to zero and a feedback loop is turned-on between the destination endpoint and the source endpoint to transmit congestion notification (CN) messages to the source endpoint contributing to the congestion.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention provides a method of operating a switch in a communications network. The method includes storing a set of routings for each port in the switch. When a packet is received at a port in the switch, the set of routings corresponding to the port at which the packet was received is accessed. A port from which to forward the packet from the switch is determined in accordance with the set of routings. The packet is then duly forwarded over the network from the port as determined by the routings.

Abstract: A communications device including a port that is capable of communicating with a user device, a controller connected to the port, a power line modem connected to the controller, and a network modem connected to the controller.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for reducing the bandwidth of MPEG transport streams during transmission over a packet-switched network. The system and method identifies characteristics of a plurality of media fragments disposed within each of a plurality of packets of a transport stream, and aggregates the characteristics into a summary value for each of the packets. The summary value is correlated to a priority weighting identifiable by a network element. Each of the packets is marked with the priority weighting, so that the packets may be selectively dropped by a network element in accordance with their priority weightings to reduce the bandwidth of the transport stream.

Abstract: When voice over Internet Protocol (IP) capabilities are added to a conventional network of voice switches, an IP network is normally used to replace individual trunks between voice switches and to replace telephone lines between telephones and their serving voice switches. As a result, calls across the upgraded network often pass across a series of IP hops. Accordingly, the problem of replacing a series of IP hops by a single hop, to avoid degradation of end-to-end voice quality due to repeated packetization/depacketization sequences and associated functions such as compression/decompression, is addressed.

Abstract: Techniques for multiple protocol cross layer customized QoS propagation and mapping are described herein. In one embodiment of the invention, a first QoS code of a packet is determined, the packet having a first encapsulation layer and a second encapsulation layer, the first QoS code being included within the first encapsulation of the packet. From application of a first cross layer QoS map to the first QoS code, determining that the second encapsulation layer of the packet should be used in determining a QoS classification. The reference point to the second encapsulation layer is stored. The QoS classification is determined with use of the reference point. A representation of the QoS classification is stored in a QoS descriptor and the QoS descriptor is used to influence processing of the packet. Other methods and apparatuses are also described.

Abstract: In a method for configuration of a compressed mode in a mobile radiocommunication system, a configuration of a compressed mode defined using the parameters for the compressed mode. The parameters include a transmission gap length (TBVL) and a transmission gap pattern length (TGPL). The transmission gaps are defined in a first transmission time structure specific to a first system and determined relative to a second transmission time structure specific to a second system to permit measures for the second system to be taken in the first system. For each reference configuration, if the duration of the TPGL is such that the transmission gaps occur periodically with fixed position in said second structure, then the TGL is selected to be sufficiently large so that two transmission gaps occur in two of the positions, the closest of which overlap each other with an overlap duration long enough to carry out a measure.

Abstract: Voice clauses are divided and transmitted as packet data in divided clause units in a transmission side. The voice data is outputted as voice based on the received packet data in clause units in a receipt side. Thus, the meaning of speech is even able to be recognized in a deteriorated communication path environment.

Abstract: An intelligent fabric congestion control apparatus and method are provided to receive data packets from source endpoints and output the data packets to destination endpoints. The apparatus and method include a counter, a timer, and a controller. The counter increments from a preset value when a data packet is received at an egress queue and decrements when the data packet is output from the egress queue. The timer starts timing in response to the incrementing of the counter from the preset value. The controller performs one of resetting the timer when the counter is decremented to the preset value prior to the timer reaching a first threshold, and detecting a persistent congestion when the timer reaches the first threshold.