Abstract: One embodiment of the present invention provides a system that asynchronously controls sending data items from a sender to a receiver. This system includes a set of sending FIFOs, a set of receiving FIFOs, as well as a shared data path between the sender and the receiver. The system also includes a set of control paths that operate in parallel between the sender and the receiver, wherein a given control path controls the transmission of data items between a corresponding sending FIFO and a corresponding receiving FIFO through the shared data path. The system further includes a round-robin scheduling mechanism which activates one control path at a time in a predetermined sequence. An activated control path asynchronously controls the sending of a data item from a corresponding sending FIFO to a corresponding receiving FIFO.

Abstract: Techniques described use Generic Framing Procedure (GFP) to transport data across an optical transport network between near and far Fiber Channel (FC) or Fiber Connectivity (FICON) local area optical networks. Each FC/FICON edge node (FCE) on an edge of the optical transport network has multiple modes for processing FC/FICON frames transported across the optical transport network. The techniques include receiving, at a near FCE from a far FCE, a GFP control plane message that includes a mode field that holds data that indicates a far mode, wherein the far mode is used at the far FCE. It is determined whether a near mode used by the near FCE matches the far mode based on the mode field. If it is determined that they do not match, then an alert is caused. These techniques allow software to utilize existing GFP chips in FCE that use optional processing, such as distance extension.

Abstract: In a network relaying method and device at a time of distributing data from a server to a client by multicast, join/leave information transmitted by the client to a multicast group is discriminated, the join/leave information of the client is processed into multicast join/leave notifying information and the multicast join/leave notifying information is transferred to the server.

Abstract: A method for transmitting data from a sender node to a receiver node in a wireless network including (a) sampling a main network frequency and at least one backup frequency, (b) transmitting a message on the main network frequency without using a multiple access protocol, (c) transmitting the message on the main network frequency, using the multiple access protocol exchange, if an acknowledgement is not received, (d) transmitting the message on at least one backup frequency, using a multiple access protocol, if the main network frequency is busy after (c), (e) repeating (c) and (d) for a predefined number of time slots, until an acknowledgement is received, (f) transmitting the message on each backup frequency, using the multiple access protocol, until an acknowledgment is received, and (g) performing an exponential backoff and subsequent transmission of the message if an acknowledgement is still not received after (a) through (f).

Abstract: A decoder device is provided which is able to output audio and video in sync without a counter synchronized with a clock reference value. The decoder device retrieves PES and PCR from TS, and decides the timing of an audio output section and a video output section, referring to PTS appended to the PES. A local counter output section counts in a predetermined count-up cycle without an adjustment control on the PCR. A PCR & local-counter list management section generates a table paring up a counter value, when the PCR is received, with the PCR. The audio & video output sections calculate a latency time of an access unit, using both a first difference, which is between a counter value, when PTS is referred to, and the counter value in the table, and of a second difference, which is between PTS of PES and the PCR in the table.

Abstract: A sub-network system includes line modules configured to receive bridged traffic signals over individual corresponding channels. The line modules are grouped into sets at a lower protection layer and an upper protection layer. The line modules are activated/deactivated based on different upper and lower protection schemes associated with the upper and lower protection layers. The sub-network also includes state maps associated with each of the line modules. The state maps store state data that activates and deactivates the line modules. The state maps are updated in accordance with the upper protection scheme to perform inter-leg switching between a first line module and a second line module. A network control module interconnected with the line modules performs inter-leg switching by updating the state data in the state maps for corresponding line modules in associated working and protection legs.

Abstract: A packet switched communications system and method for transmitting synchronous data from a source module (4) to a terminating module (8) over a network comprising plurality of modules (4, 5, 7, 8) interconnected via transmission links (2, 6, 9). Each module operates with a clock of nominal frequency that is not synchronized with the clocks of the other module(s) and has a single input and one or more outputs. The method includes determining the phase difference between the input clock and the output clock of each module, and transmitting the phase difference to the terminating module (8) in the network. The received accumulated phase difference at the terminating module (8) is used to lock the output clock at the terminating module to the input clock at the source module.

Abstract: A method of minimizing jitter in a system for rate adapting a data signal for transport through a synchronous network. A phase difference is measured between a data clock synchronous with the data signal and a local clock of the synchronous network. A timing reference (F) indicative of a frequency difference between the asynchronous data signal and the local clock is measured using the measured phase difference. Calculation of the timing reference includes compensating ambiguity in the measured phase difference.

Abstract: Protection switching in an Ethernet packet-switched network includes establishing first and second virtual circuits. The first virtual circuit carries packet traffic associated with a different service instance from packet traffic carried by the second virtual circuit. Packet traffic of the first virtual circuit is transmitted from a source network element to a sink network element through a first Ethernet tunnel. Packet traffic of the second virtual circuit is transmitted from the same source network element to the same sink network element through a second Ethernet tunnel. The second Ethernet tunnel is a different path through the Ethernet packet-switched network from the first Ethernet tunnel. During a protection switch, the first virtual circuit is switched from the first Ethernet tunnel to the second Ethernet tunnel. After the switch, packet traffic of the first virtual circuit and packet traffic of the second virtual circuit are transmitted over the second Ethernet tunnel.

Abstract: An Ethernet adapter is disclosed. The Ethernet adapter comprises a plurality of layers for allowing the adapter to receive and transmit packets from and to a processor. The plurality of layers include a demultiplexing mechanism to allow for partitioning of the processor. A Host Ethernet Adapter (HEA) is an integrated Ethernet adapter providing a new approach to Ethernet and TCP acceleration. A set of TCP/IP acceleration features have been introduced in a toolkit approach: Servers TCP/IP stacks use these accelerators when and as required. The interface between the server and the network interface controller has been streamlined by bypassing the PCI bus. The HEA supports network virtualization. The HEA can be shared by multiple OSs providing the essential isolation and protection without affecting its performance.

Abstract: A method for recognizing LMI type automatically by a DTE includes: while communicating with a DCE for a first time or when a LMI protocol type at the DCE is changed during a communication process, the DTE generating different status enquiry messages with the frame formats of all LMI protocol types supported by the DTE, and sending the different status enquiry messages to the DCE simultaneously; after receiving the first status response message from the DCE, the DTE recognizing and recording LMI protocol type of the current response message, and then communicating with the DCE through the messages generated with the frame format of the LMI protocol type. With this method, the DTE can automatically recognize and match the LMI protocol type currently used at DCE. Therefore, normal communication between DTE and DCE is ensured, system reliability and stability is improved, meanwhile operation and management of the system is facilitated.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a telecommunications node (60) that is able to handle IP-traffic and to terminate telecommunications traffic. The node includes a forwarding functionality with a number of forwarding engines (65). The node includes means for creating internal IP-hosts (61) for terminating IP-traffic within the node (60), each of which IP-host is attached to an IP-port (83) of a forwarding engine (65). The IP-hosts are each assigned an individual IP-address, which makes it possible to forward IP-traffic to the IP-hosts (61) by means of using the IP-address as a destination address for the IP-traffic. Information relating to the IP-addresses of the internal IP-hosts (61) is included in forwarding tables of the forwarding engines (65). It is possible to perform load distribution of terminating IP-traffic based on the IP-addresses of the internal IP-hosts.

Abstract: A frame fragmentation method for digital communications over error prone channels is presented. The technique maximizes data throughput based on the bit error rate and frame overhead. The technique can be used to determine optimum fragmentation thresholds for wireless links that are characterized by significant bit error rates.

Abstract: In the QoS control system of the wireless LAN network including the wireless LAN access points, and the wireless LAN terminals to be connected thereto, the wireless LAN access point authenticates the user on the basis of the recorded user's authentication information when the user carries out the authentication request from the wireless LAN terminal. The wireless LAN access point is connected to the servers to notify the wireless LAN access point of the information for identifying the wireless LAN terminal and the recorded user's QoS service content through the communication network. The wireless LAN access point and the wireless LAN terminal carry out the priority control in accordance with the priority information of the QoS service from the server. Even when the terminal to be used is changed, if the same user logs onto the certificate server by using the same authentication information, the same QoS service can be offered consistently.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a telecommunications node (1a) that is able to handle IP-traffic and to terminate telecommunications traffic, which node includes means for simple and effective load distribution between resources (40-43) in the node. The inventive telecommunications node (1a) includes board internal IP-subnets (45, 46) with associated subnet interfaces (45a, 46a) having interface addresses and a distributed forwarding engine structure where every device board (10, 11a, 12a) associated with the handling of IP-traffic is provided with a forwarding engine (20-22). Each board internal IP-subnet (45, 46) is associated with at least one predetermined node resource (40-43) for processing telecommunications traffic, thereby enabling a resource manager (49) to perform load distribution by ordering a destination address for a selected stream of IP-traffic, which is to terminate in the node, to be based on the interface address associated with a selected board internal IP-subnet (45, 46).

Abstract: A retry algorithm determines the maximum number of transmissions and retransmissions that may be attempted for the frame in the head of a transmit queue or transmit buffer that needs to be transmitted across a communications link. The algorithm attempts to achieve a constant delay for each packet in frame by taking into account the number of frames residing in the transmit queue, the number of transmit opportunities elapsed between the arrivals of two successive frames in the transmit queue s, as well as the buffering capabilities of both the transmitting and receiving sides. The transmission and retransmission control technique provides for a way of managing the TX and RX buffers with a size that is suitable for the application being used and the underlying transport network. The number of retries is adapted to incoming and outgoing data rate changes in order to provide a fixed delay wireless link transport and maximize effective channel utilization.