Abstract: The invention relates to a structure for an anode of a magnetron and to a method for manufacturing the same. This structure has a cylindrical outer frame portion and a plurality of vanes which are integrally formed with the outer frame portion and which radially extend from the inside of the outer frame portion in the central direction of the cylindrical outer frame portion. Projecting portions of predetermined shapes are formed on the inner wall of the outer frame portion or on the vanes so as to be integrated with the outer frame portion or vanes.

Abstract: To permit dimming of a halogen incandescant lamp, or set of lamps connected to an electronic transformer circuit which receives operating voltage from a power network, rectifies the current supply and chops the rectified power to provide high-frequency alternating voltage for transformation to low voltage of the incandesent lamp, a non-current compensated choke having an inductance of at least 50 mH is connected in series between the rectifier output terminals and the rectifier system terminals, an oscillation start acceleration circuit including a CR circuit is connected in parallel with the starting circuit for the alternately operating transistors and a pair of symmetry resistors (R6,R7) are connected in parallel to symmetry defining capacitors (C6,C7), connected across the rectifier output terminals and a mid-point (M) of the oscillation transistors.

Abstract: A cathode structure of a magnetron which is used for microwave ovens, industrial microwave heating, and medical purposes is disclosed. One of two leads of the cathode structure of the magnetron, that is, one of a center lead and a side lead is tightly fitted into the spacer, and a metal fixing material is poured into the fitting portion and is fixed thereto. A hole of the spacer for inserting the other of the two leads has looseness with respect to the other of the two leads. The friction between the other of the two leads and the spacer is reduced, and even when the leads are made thin, the strength of the cathode structure is not reduced, and the production of extraneous sounds can be suppressed.

Abstract: A traveling-wave tube has coupled cells in a periodic arrangement defined between apertured irises separated by respective spacers. The spacers have dielectric waveguides terminating in lossly loads to attenuate RF frequencies above the upper limit of the frequency to be amplified by the tube.

Abstract: A circuit is disclosed for energizing electrical devices such as fluorescent lamps and other gas discharge luminescent devices. The circuit provides energizing signals for gaseous discharge tubes at a voltage sufficient to initiate ionization of the gases therein. The signals are characterized by frequencies in the range of from about 60 hertz to 30 megahertz. After ignition the circuit automatically reduces the voltages and currents of the devices to a level sufficient to maintain gas ionization, and save energy. The circuit also reduces shock hazard. A preferred wave shaping in the energizing circuit is disclosed which creates purer square and sine waves for reducing radio frequency interference and electromagnetic interference, and a "soft-on" circuit is disclosed which greatly reduces the voltages applied to the devices thereby increasing the life of the devices. An automatic and a manual dimming section are also disclosed which dim the light output for the devices.

Abstract: A lamp unit having a single-filament bulb disposed at a first focus of an ellipsoidal or like reflector which has a second focus disposed farther away therefrom than is the first focus. Disposed opposite the reflector, a converging lens has its focus in the vicinity of the second focus of the reflector. A lower beam shade is also disposed adjacent the second focus of the reflector for cutting off the rays that have been reflected from the bottom half of the reflector, so that the rays reflected from the top half of the reflector are allowed to impinge on the converging lens thereby to be thrown as a lower beam. In order to enable this lamp unit to emit an upper beam of optimum intensity distribution as well, the converging lens is made tiltable, or linearly movable, upwardly to an extent necessary to permit all the rays reflected by the reflector to fall on the converging lens. The shade may be displaced downwardly in step with the upward displacement of the lens.

Abstract: A power supply system for discharge lamps employs a current interruption circuit to control current flow through a discharge lamp. A power switch is connected in series with the lamp and controls the current level in the lamp by controlling lamp current on-time. The current on-time is maintained for a relatively very short time period allowing control of lamp current by controlling the integral of the lamp current or controlling the charge delivered to the lamp during each pulse rather than controlling peak current value. Since the voltage impressed across the lamp generally exceeds the conventional value observed when using a passive current limiting means, for example a series reactor, non radiative losses associated with operating the lamp are reduced.

Abstract: A modified impedance rapid start fluorescent lamp system is provided with interrupted cathode heating. This structure includes a circuit in parallel with one of the bimetal switches at each side of a cathode. The circuit includes a current limiting capacitor and bleeder resistor connected in parallel with each other and a third normally closed thermal bimetal switch.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp unit having a magnetic field generating means for improving the performance of the fluorescent lamp is disclosed. In a preferred embodiment the fluorescent lamp comprises four longitudinally extending leg portions disposed in substantially quadrangular columnar array and joined by three generally U-shaped portions disposed in different planes. In another embodiment of the invention the magnetic field generating means comprises a plurality of permanent magnets secured together to form a single columnar structure disposed within a centrally located region defined by the shape of lamp envelope.

Abstract: A cathode ray tube (3) (CRT) has a deflecting coil (1) surrounded by a funnel-like casing (4) of magnetic material. The deflecting coil generates a magnetic deflecting field (B) for the electron beam and a magnetic leakage field (BL) in the CRT environment. The leakage field is composed of a dipole field and a quadrupole field. To reduce the magnetic field strength in the CRT environment a magnetic compensation field which is counterdirected to the leakage field is generated. The compensation field is composed of a dipole field which is generated by a first compensation loop (7) and a quadrupole field which is generated by a second compensation loop (9). The first compensation loop (7) is substantially flat and at right angles to the magnetic deflecting field (B). The second compensation loop (9) is flat and at right angles to the longitudinal symmetrical axis (z) of the CRT and has an upper (9a) and a lower (9b) part which generate two mutually opposing dipole fields (DK2,DK3).

Abstract: A method of maintaining the operational characteristics of an IMPATT diode is shown to consist of the steps of sensing the peak diode voltage and using such voltage to control the current through the IMPATT diode so that the peak diode voltage is kept constant.

Abstract: Electronic flash equipment in the present including a Field Effect Transistor which is connected to a flash tube in series and a voltage control structure which controls the conductivity of the Field Effect Transistor by control of a voltage across the gate and the source of the Field Effect Transistor. A automatic light control and a high frequency repeating flash light radiation are realized by control of the voltage.

Abstract: A fluorescent lamp assembly for operation from a source of AC line voltage. The assembly includes a fluorescent lamp having an arc length not greater than about 120 mm and an envelope which includes at least one constricting portion located therein for constricting the plasma discharge to provide an increase in the lamp voltage. Also included is a lead-type ballasting means which comprises a capacitor in one embodiment connected in series with the lamp.

Abstract: A thin film electroluminescent display device energized with a rapid burst of pulses during a time less than the decay time of the phosphor yields substantially increased light output. Preferably, a burst of between two and forty pulses having a duration in the range between 5 and 20 microseconds and having alternating polarities is applied to the device. The pulse burst technique is advantageously applied to a dot matrix type EL display panel operating at a 60 Hz refresh rate. For a 512.times.256 element display panel, each row is addressed for approximately 65 microseconds, and four pulses of about 12-15 microseconds each are applied to the EL pixels during each row address time. The pulse burst technique provides increased brightness while minimizing the retained image problem.

Abstract: A fluorescent display tube drive apparatus of the type used with a vehicle instrument panel or the like. The apparatus includes a transparent electrode arranged opposite to anodes and filaments. Ac voltages are applied to the filaments for the emission of thermoelectrons and a pulsating voltage is applied to the transparent electrode to cause pulsation of the potential difference between the filaments and the transparent electrode, thereby causing the thermoelectrons to impinge uniformly on the anodes.

Abstract: A discharge reaction apparatus utilizing dynamic magnetic field for subjecting the surface of an object to a depositing or an etching process is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a member for generating dynamic magnetic field along the surface of an electrode and a member for limiting or forbidding the circulating motion of electron around the electrode.

Abstract: The output circuit according to the invention comprises a ring-shaped cavity formed by a waveguide with a section in the shape of an H that is turned back on itself. The output circuit comprises holes for coupling with the output cavity, these holes being evenly arranged on its internal cylindrical wall, and the said output circuit has at least one hole for coupling with a using circuit, set on its external cylindrical wall.

Abstract: An electron multiplier device consists of an insulating substrate having, a plurality of through-holes, a first secondary electron emission layer and a second secondary electron emission layer or a conductive layer, and a DC electric field is applied to the first secondary electron emission layer with respect to the second latter secondary electron emission layer or conductive layer.

Abstract: A video display apparatus includes a cathode ray tube and a high voltage transformer. The high voltage transformer incorporates a high voltage winding having a tap which provides a focus voltage for the electron gun assembly of the cathode ray tube. The transformer also includes a supply winding which provides power to the electron gun assembly drive circuit. The supply winding is wound to be closely coupled to the portion of the high voltage winding not associated with the generation of focus voltage so that increasing beam current produces nonuniform loading of the high voltage winding.

Abstract: An induction plasma system comprises a torch and an induction coil. A sample substance is injected into the plasma at an axial position that is adjustable while the plasma is being energized. The plasma-forming gas flows through the induction coil prior to passing through the plasma torch. A piezoelectric crystal is used for initiating the plasma. An oscillator network generates radio frequency power at a first frequency, and an output LC network that includes the induction coil is tuned to a second frequency higher than the first frequency. Means for maintaining constant power to the plasma includes an AC circuit for duty cycling AC power input to a DC power supply in response to a feedback signal relative to the rectified voltage. Thus a change in the rectified voltage effects an inverse change in the duty cycling such as to nullify the change in the rectified voltage.