Abstract: Provided herein are 5-demethoxyfumagillol and its derivatives. Also provided herein are methods of making the 5-demethoxyfumagillol and derivatives. Also provided herein are biological activities of the 5-demethoxyfumagillol and derivatives and methods of using same for treating diseases.

Abstract: The present invention is for compositions and methods for managing the body weight of a subject using said compositions. Weight management, particularly weight gain and loss, is effectuated by producing a sensation of satiety in said subjects. The method of managing body weight includes administering the composition prior to food consumption, concurrent with food consumption, as replacement for food consumption and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A process for more efficiently producing propylene oxide from propylene, oxygen, and hydrogen with catalysts which comprise a noble metal and a titanosilicate having pores not smaller than a 12-membered oxygen ring. The process for propylene oxide production is characterized by reacting propylene, oxygen, and hydrogen in a solution comprising water, a nitrite compound, and an ammonium salt in the presence of a noble metal catalyst and a titanosilicate catalyst having pores not smaller than a 12-membered oxygen ring.

Abstract: A method of preparing an olefin comprising: reacting a polyol in the presence of a carboxylic acid, such that an olefin is produced by the deoxygenation of the polyol. The reacting step can comprise (a) providing a composition comprising the polyol, (b) heating the composition, and (c) introducing the carboxylic acid to the composition wherein the introducing step occurs prior to, at the same time as, or subsequent to the heating step. In one embodiment, the polyol is glycerol, the carboxylic acid is formic acid, and the olefin is allyl alcohol, which is produced at a yield of about 80% or greater.

Abstract: Compounds and compositions for the delivery of active agents are provided. Methods of administration and preparation are provided as well.

Abstract: A Process for production of 1-(3-(2-(1-benzothiophen-5-yl)ethoxy)propyl)azetidin-3-ol or salts thereof which comprises using as a starting compound as a (phenylthio)acetic acid derivative or salts thereof represented by the general formula: wherein X1 represents a halogen atom, is useful as a safe process for mass production of 1-(3-(2-(1-benzothiophen-5-yl)ethoxy)propyl)azetidin-3-ol or salts thereof which is useful as a remedy for disease of central and peripheral nerve.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides methods for purifying p-dioxanone. In embodiments, crude p-dioxanone may be contacted with at least one isocyanate-functionalized scavenger. The at least one isocyanate-functionalized scavenger may react with hydroxyl compounds present with the crude p-dioxanone to form reaction products, in embodiments polyurethanes and/or polyureas, which may then be removed. The p-dioxanone thus obtained is of greater purity than the starting crude p-dioxanone.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a dispersion of a quinoline derivative that is dispersed at a high concentration and has a small particle size. The method includes the steps of preparing a solution by dissolving an N-arylanthranilic acid derivative in an organosulfonic acid, heating the solution and obtaining a reaction liquid in which a quinoline derivative has been produced by a condensation ring-closing reaction, and obtaining a dispersion of the quinoline derivative by mixing the reaction liquid with an aqueous solution. The step of mixing the reaction liquid with an aqueous solution may be performed in a mixing field having a micro-channel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for gas-phase oxidation, in which a gaseous stream comprising an aromatic hydrocarbon and molecular oxygen is passed through two or more catalyst zones. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a catalyst system for gas-phase reaction using a preliminary zone.

Abstract: A method is provided for preventing, inhibiting or treating diseases or disorders associated with metabolism dysfunction or which are dependent upon the expression of a T3 regulated gene, wherein a compound as described in the general formula I below is administered in a therapeutically effective amount:

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing an alkyl sulfonyl or aryl sulfonyl protecting group from a primary or secondary amine by contacting an alkyl sulfonamide or an aryl sulfonamide with a Stage 0 or Stage I alkali metal-silica gel material in the presence of a solid proton source under conditions sufficient to form the corresponding amine. The invention also relates to a method for removing an alkyl sulfonyl or aryl sulfonyl protecting group from a primary or secondary amine by a) reacting an alkyl sulfonamide or an aryl sulfonamide with a Stage 0 or Stage I alkali metal-silica gel material, and b) subsequently reacting the reaction product from step a) with an electrophile or a proton source. Preferred Stage 0 or Stage I alkali metal-silica gel materials include Na, K2Na, and Na2K.

Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a catalyst for directly producing a lactide which is a cyclic ester used as a monomer for polylactides, and a method for directly producing a lactide using the catalyst, the method including the transesterification reaction between two molecules of an ester of lactic acid or a mixture containing the ester of lactic acid with a small amount of lactic acid and oligomer of lactic acid under an inert environment in the presence of a titanium-based catalyst or a catalyst mixture containing the titanium-based catalyst so as to produce lactide while simultaneously removing an alcohol (ROH) generated as a by-product.

Abstract: A drug effective for the treatment and prevention of psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, anxiety and related ailments thereof, depression, bipolar disorder and epilepsy. The drug antagonizes the action of group II metabotropic glutamate receptors and shows high activity in oral administration. A 2-amino-bicyclo[3.1.0]hexane-2,6-dicarboxylic ester derivative represented by formula [I] [wherein R1 and R2 are identical or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-10alkyl group or the like; X represents a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom; Y represents —OCHR3R4 or the like (wherein R3 and R4 are identical or different, and each represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-10alkyl group or the like; and n represents integer 1 or 2)], a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a hydrate thereof.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of the formula: in which n is an integer equal to or greater than 1; m is an integer equal to or greater than 1; R2 is selected from hydrogen and optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched; and R1, R3, and R4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from optionally substituted alkyl that is saturated or unsaturated, and branched or unbranched, wherein at least one of R1, R2, R3, or R4 is sulfurized or epoxidized. Also provided are compositions containing the compounds and methods of making both the compounds and compositions thereof.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of an 1,1-disubstituted oxirane is disclosed, wherein an organic sulphide is reacted in a polar solvent with an educt containing a leaving group attached to a primary or secondary carbon atom, and/or the sulfonium salt formed in this way is reacted with a ketone in presence of a base and a polar solvent. Oxiranes of the type obtained may be further converted into the corresponding ?-hydroxyketone or ?-aminoketone, either in one step by subjecting to aerobic oxidation in the presence of a transition metal catalyst, or in two steps by hydrolyzation in the presence of an aqueous acid to the corresponding dialcohol and subsequent selective oxidation. Further described are some novel epoxide intermediates. The ?-hydroxyketones and ?-aminoketones thus obtainable are useful inter alga as photoinitiators.

Abstract: The invention provides a process which enables, in preparation of acrolein by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of propylene in the presence of molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas or in preparation of acrylic acid by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of acrolein in the presence of molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas, using single kind of catalyst, to suppress occurrence of localized extraordinarily high temperature spots (hot spots) in the catalyst layer and can stably maintain high acrolein or acrylic acid yield for a long time. The process is characterized by use of an oxide catalyst containing molybdenum as an essential component and having relative standard deviation of its particle size in a range of 0.02 to 0.20.

Abstract: A process for producing a biaryl compound, characterized by reacting an arylhydrazine compound, hydrogen peroxide and an aryl compound. When the reaction is conducted in the presence of a given metal or a compound of the metal or in the presence of a metal oxide obtained by reacting the given metal or a compound of the metal with hydrogen peroxide, then the yield of the biaryl compound is improved.

Abstract: Method for the manufacture of organic acid esters of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural by reacting a fructose or glucose-containing starting material with an organic acid or its anhydride in the presence of a catalytic or sub-stoechiometric amount of solid acid catalyst. The catalysts are heterogeneous and may be employed in a continuous flow fixed bed reactor. The esters can be applied as a fuel or fuel additive.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to 4-(2-amino-1-hydroxyethyl)phenol derivatives of formula (I) as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising them, and their use in therapy as agonists of the BETA2 adrenergic receptor.

Abstract: The invention provides an improved method of synthesizing chemicals according to the ene reaction. The method addresses two problems that previously could not be addressed simultaneously, preventing charring of the reaction, and preventing gaseous degradation of the reagents. The method involves adding a boron bearing compound and an aromatic/antioxidant compound to the ene reaction. Combining these two compounds together inhibits charring and also causes an effect that neither compound can accomplish alone. The addition of these two compounds together also more effectively prevents either of the reagents from degrading than when either reagent is added alone. As a result the method reduces costs by reducing the amount of reagents needed for a synthesis and further reduces costs by eliminating the need to filter out char from the end products of the ene reaction. The method is particularly useful in the ene reaction synthesis of ASA from olefins and maleic anhydride.