Abstract: A method for producing high purity terephthalic acid wherein a slurry having an acetic acid solvent and, dispersed therein, crude terephthalic acid crystals which has been prepared by subjecting a p-alkyl benzene to a liquid phase oxidation in a solvent of acetic acid is continuously converted to a water slurry by the mother liquid exchange, and then the resultant water slurry is subjected to a hydrogenation treatment, which comprises introducing the above acetic acid slurry to a tower having a center axis having a plurality of agitating blades at the top thereof, to form a region having a high concentration of terephthalic acid crystals in the tower through the sedimentation of the terephthalic acid crystals, supplying the water for substitution to the bottom of the tower in such a manner to form an upward water flow while generating a revolving flow of the high concentration region by the rotation of the agitation blade, to thereby subject said terephthalic acid crystals and said upward water flow to a coun

Abstract: The present invention provides a salt of the formula (I): wherein X represents divalent or trivalent residue of acyclic hydrocarbon having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or divalent or trivalent residue of hydrocarbon having 3 to 30 carbon atoms which contains monocyclic or bicyclic ring, wherein —CH2— in the hydrocarbon may be substituted with —O— and one or more hydrogen atom in X is optionally substituted with alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, hydroxyl group or cyano group; Q1 and Q2 each independently represent fluorine atom or perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; A+ represents organic counter ion; Y represents hydroxyl group, cyano group or methoxy group; and n shows 1 or 2. The present invention also provides a chemically amplified resist composition comprising the salt of the formula (I).

Abstract: The present invention relates to 2-aminomethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines of the general formula (I) in which the radicals R1 to R6 have the meaning indicated in the text. The compounds show phosphodiesterase V inhibition and can be employed for the treatment of conditions of the cardiovascular system and for the treatment of potency disorders.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an improved process for the hydrothermal conversion of coral into hydroxyapatite, a process for coating an object with hydroxyapatite, a process for coating an object with a divalent metal phosphate and uses of objects prepared by these processes. Following the processes according to the present invention, the resultant hydroxyapatite has greater strength and bioactivity than that of the coral prior to its conversion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aromatic diamide derivative represented by the general formula (I): [A1 is optionally substituted (C1-C8)alkylene group, (C3-C8)alkenylene group or the like, B is —O— or —N(R4)— (wherein R4 is H, (C1-C6)alkyl, halo(C1-C6)alkyl or the like), R1 is H, (C1-C6)alkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted heterocyclic group, or the like, R2 and R3 are each H, (C3-C6)cycloalkyl or —A2—R8 (A2 is —C(?O)—, —C(?S)— or —C(?NR9)—, R8 and R9 are each H, (C1-C6)alkyl or the like), Q1 to Q5 are each carbon or nitrogen, X and Y are each halogen, cyano, nitro, (C3-C6)cycloalkyl, optionally substituted phenyl, optionally substituted heterocyclic group, or the like, n is 0 to 4, m is 1 to 5, and Z1 and Z2 are each O or S] or a salt thereof, an agricultural and horticultural chemical, and a usage of the chemical.

Abstract: Process for the Production of 3-methylthiopropanal. A process for the production of 3-methylthiopropanal which reacting reaction medium comprising methyl mercaptan and acrolein in the presence of a catalyst comprising an organic base characterised in that the organic base is a N-alkyl morpholine compound.

Abstract: This invention provides a method for generating secondary phosphines from secondary phosphine oxides in the presence of a reducing agent, such as diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H), triisobutyldialuminoxane, triisobutylaluminum, tetraisobutyldialuminoxane, or another reducing agent comprising: (i) an R1R2AlH moiety, wherein R1 and R2 are each an alkyl species or oxygen, and wherein at least one of R1 or R2 comprises at least 2 carbon atoms, or (ii) an R1R2R3Al moiety, wherein R1, R2, and R3 are not hydrogen, and wherein at least one of R1, R2, and R3 is an alkyl species comprising a ?-hydrogen, not including triethylaluminum. Preferred reducing agents for the present invention include: diisobutylaluminum hydride, triisobutyldialiuminoxane, triisobutylaluminum, tetraisobutyldialuminoxane, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: A delivery system including a body construction (7) and at least one capsule (8) containing a pharmaceutical composition, the capsule having at least a first end and a second end. The body construction (7, 12, 34) has at least two locking parts (9, 10), each locking part (9, 10) having at least a first end and a second end, the first end of each locking part (9, 10) having a surface adapted to face and cover one of the at least first and second ends of the capsule (8). The diameter of at least one of the locking parts varies along its length between the first end and the second end, and the capsule (8) is mounted between the at least two locking parts. Also disclosed is a manufacturing process of a delivery system, the system including a body construction and at least one capsule containing a pharmaceutical composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the preparation of alkylene glycols from the corresponding alkylene oxide, such as ethylene glycol from ethylene oxide, in the presence of water, a catalyst and, optionally, carbon dioxide. The catalyst is a SALEN-type compound which contains an amino group and an oxy or hydroxy group connected by a hydrocarbon, such as an alkyl or an alkylaryl. The SALEN-type compounds may be Schiff bases, i.e., a condensate product of a primary amine with an aldehyde, ketone or an alcohol. The SALEN-type compound may be a mono or bis compound and may be complexed with a Group 4-14 metal, such as aluminum, tin, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt or platinum.

Abstract: Low melting ionic compounds of the general formula (cation) (R?SO4) in which R? is a branched or linear, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or alicyclic functionalized or non-functionalized hydrocarbon chain with 3-36 carbon atoms are provided. These compounds can serve as ionic liquids, e.g. as solvents or solvent additives in chemical reactions, as extraction agents or as heat carriers. The compounds comprise a cation and anionic sulfate ester.

Abstract: A method for producing aromatic amino compound (V): by synthesizing intermediate compound (IV): by the reaction of compound (I): H2N—R1 with a mixture of halogenated aryl compounds (II): Ar1—X and (III): Ar2—X in the presence of a noble metal catalyst, followed by eliminating the substituent R1 from the nitrogen atom in compound (IV) under an acidic condition or an alkaline condition or by addition of a reducing agent or an oxidizing agent. (R1: a substituent having 2 to 50 carbon atoms; Ar1 and Ar2: a substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon group or heterocyclic group having 6 to 50 carbon atoms and the same with or different from each other; and X: a halogen group). The aromatic amino compound useful as the charge transporting material can be produced efficiently at a great yield without using highly toxic raw materials.

Abstract: Novel materials for chromatographic separations, processes for their preparation, and separation devices containing the chromatographic materials. In particular, the novel materials are porous inorganic/organic hybrid monolith materials, which desirably may be surface modified, and which offer more efficient chromatographic separations than that known in the art.

Abstract: Processes for preparing cinacalcet are provided.

Abstract: A highly advantageous process for the preparation of 2-(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)-2-oxoacetic acid or a salt thereof is described. The process comprises subjecting 1-acetyl 3-hydroxyadamantane to liquid phase oxidation with permanganate to produce 2-(3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl)-2-oxoacetic acid or a salt thereof, with acidification to form the free acid when appropriate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simple and efficient method for producing high-purity 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene on an industrial scale. The method for producing 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene comprises reacting catechol with peroxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to pharmaceutically acceptable salts of guanylhydrazone-containing compounds, for example, Semapimod. The invention also relates to pharmaceutically acceptable compositions comprising the salts and methods for their use.

Abstract: This invention relates to organometallic precursor compounds represented by the formula (L)M(L?)2(NO) wherein M is a Group 6 metal, L is a substituted or unsubstituted anionic ligand and L? is the same or different and is a ? acceptor ligand, a process for producing the organometallic precursor compounds, and a method for producing a film, coating or powder from the organometallic precursor compounds.

Abstract: A method of producing a methacrylic acid ester which comprises carrying out an ester-exchange reaction between methyl methacrylate and an alcohol or a phenol while removing by-product methanol as an azeotropic mixture with methyl methacrylate from the reaction system under reflux conditions, by the use of a reaction apparatus equipped with a distillation column. A methacrylic acid ester is produced with a good productivity by controlling the reflux ratio.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions, formulations and medicaments comprising a bupropion salt, in particular, modified-release tablets comprising an effective amount of bupropion hydrobromide, and the use of the bupropion salt to prepare a medicament to treat a condition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process comprising using ionic liquids for the polycondensation of 1,3-propanediol reactants to produce polytrimethylene ether glycol and copolymers thereof.