Abstract: A network enables a transfer path to be formed between nodes in the network so as to transfer frames. A terminal for transmitting frames located outside the transfer path, upon transmitting a frame through the transfer path, writes the transfer path selection information related to the transfer path and the output line information related to the output line from the terminating node of the transfer path in the frame according to the destination information set in the frame and transmits the frame to the destination. The starting node of the transfer path decides the transfer path used for transferring the frame according to the transfer path selection information set in the frame to transmit the frame while the terminating node of the transfer path decides the output line used to output the frame according to the output line set in the frame, thereby transmitting the frame to the output line.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention disclose a method of domain supervision in a label switched network, including: designating one or more OAM domains on an LSP in the label switched network, determining an ingress node and an egress node of each OAM domain, inserting in-domain OAM frames containing supervision information at the ingress node of each OAM domain, receiving and parsing the in-domain OAM frames by the egress node of each OAM domain, and managing an OAM domain according to the supervision information contained in an in-domain OAM frame of the OAM domain. Furthermore, embodiments of the present invention also disclose a method of domain protection in a label switched network through adding a detection frame, such as Connectivity Verification (CV) frame, Fast Failure Detection (FFD) frame or the like, into an in-domain OAM frame.

Abstract: A radio access network includes a transport network layer; a radio network layer having a layer 2 network for communicating between entities within the radio network layer by exchanging datagrams having a predetermined format used only within the radio network layer. Accordingly, the present invention provides for a true decoupling at layer 2 between the radio network layer and the transport network layer. Addressing at layer 2 can enable both connectionless and connection oriented using an overlay connectivity model. Layer 2 in the radio network layer is implemented as an Ethernet network.

Abstract: A wireless communication system using a media access control (MAC) layer comprising a subscriber unit system and a base station system. The base station system is configured to receive a request for a communication service, dynamically select between a first portion of the MAC layer corresponding to a first wireless transmission link using a licensed radio frequency and a second portion of the MAC layer corresponding to a second wireless transmission link using an unlicensed radio frequency, and exchange communications for the communication service over the selected one of the first portion and the second portion of the MAC layer. The subscriber unit system is configured to transmit the request for the communication service to the base station system and exchange the communications for the communication service over the selected one of the first portion and the second portion of the MAC layer.

Abstract: A system and method automates the process of objectively measuring the subjective quality of packetized telecommunication signals as a function of network quality-of-service (QoS) parameters, implementation choices, and other related parameters. Computer-based simulation may be used in conjunction with objective quality measurement algorithms and pre-recorded reference or test signals. A system (300) employing this simulation method does not require the use of human subjects in subjective quality evaluation. The system and method are applicable to various types of telecommunication signals such as, for example, voice, video, audio, and multimedia.

Abstract: A forward link design is provided employing CDMA (code division multiple access) technologies in which time division multiplexing is employed between data and control information on the forward link to service multiple users per slot. Another forward link design employing CDMA (code division multiple access) technologies is provided in which code division multiplexing between data and control information is employed on the forward link to service multiple users per slot, which is preferably backwards compatible with legacy standards such as IS2000A. A reverse link design is also provided.

Abstract: A network processor that has multiple processing elements, each supporting multiple simultaneous program threads with access to shared resources in an interface. Packet data is received from high-speed ports in segments and each segment is assigned to one of the program threads. Each packet may be assigned to a single program thread, two program threads—one for header segment processing and the other for handling payload segment(s)—or a different program thread for segment of data in a packet. Dedicated inputs for ready status and sequence numbers provide assistance needed for receiving the packet data over a high speed port. The dedicated inputs are used to monitor ready flags from the high speed ports on a cycle-by-cycle basis. The sequence numbers are used by the assigned threads to maintain ordering of segments within a packet, as well as to order the writes of the complete packets to transmit queues.

Abstract: Techniques are described for automatically establishing network tunnels among a set of routers. For example, the techniques allow a routing protocol, such as the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP), to be extended to generate routing advertisements that direct a receiving device to automatically establish a particular type of tunnel, e.g., a Resource Reservation Protocol with Traffic Engineering extensions (RSVP-TE) Label Switched Path (LSP), and automatically direct particular network traffic onto the tunnel. A method comprises receiving a routing advertisement from a network device, wherein the routing advertisement includes a destination reachable by the network device, and a tunnel attribute that specifies a type of network tunnel to be established to the network device for forwarding traffic to the destination, automatically establishing a network tunnel to the network device in accordance with the tunnel attribute, and forwarding network traffic to the destination using the established network tunnel.

Abstract: Extra traffic paths are provided in a communication network including at least two protection channels associated to respective transmission channels. Each protection channel admits an active state for carrying, in the presence of a failure in the associated transmission channel, traffic to be carried by the associated transmission channel, and a stand-by state, wherein the protection channel is adapted to carry extra traffic. The protection channels are run in a sub-network connection protection scheme, whereby one of the protection channels in its stand-by state is adapted to ensure recovery of extra traffic carried by the other protection channel while the other protection channel is switched to its active state or is subject to failure.

Abstract: Techniques to support adaptive multi-rate (AMR) coded data in a cdma2000 communication system. A number of AMR modes are defined for speech information (of various rates), silence descriptor (SID) (of various types), and blank frame. The speech and SID data are provided in frames conforming to frame formats defined by the cdma2000 system. A CRC is used for each AMR frame (e.g., 12-bit CRC for speech and 8-bit CRC for SID). The AMR data and CRC bits are further coded with a convolutional encoder. Blind rate detection is used to detect the frame rate of the transmitted AMR frames. To support blind rate detection, the number of bits provided to the CRC generator is different for each blind rate to be detected. If two or more blind rates have the same number of bits (such as for SID), then format bits are provided to distinguish between these rates.

Abstract: A packet switching network system for use in transferring information that is in the form of packets and including an originating device and a destination device for communicating therebetween through a packet switching network, the originating device including a sending device having a first buffer with a predetermined first buffer size, the first buffer being used to store information that is to be sent to the destination unit, the sending device for sending a request packet including the first buffer size, through the packet switching network, to the destination device, the destination device including a receiving device having a second buffer with a predetermined second buffer size, the second buffer size being used for storing information that is received from the originating device, the receiving device for receiving a request packet including the first buffer size from the originating device, determining whether or not the received first buffer size is supported by the destination device, and according

Abstract: Disclosed is a display device using a demultiplexer. The demultiplexer sequentially samples the data current that is time-divided and applied by a data driver, and holds it to the data lines. Since the demultiplexer is to sample the data currents corresponding to N data lines during one horizontal period when performing 1:N demultiplexing, the data current corresponding to one data line is sampled during the 1/N horizontal period. In the present invention, a signal line coupled between the demultiplexer and the data driver is precharged with the current before coupling a precharge circuit to a sample/hold circuit and sampling the data current. The precharge current is M times the data current where M is a real number greater than 1.

Abstract: A method for multiplexing digital data, wherein a packet of digital data is simultaneously sent from front to rear and from rear to front. Additionally, a method for multiplexing digital data, wherein a packet of digital data is simultaneously sent from the beginning of the packet towards the end and from the end towards the beginning. Additionally, a method for multiplexing digital data, wherein simultaneously a packet of digital data is sent and the same packet is sent backwards.

Abstract: A method of transmitting data from a sender to a number of recipients in a system with a multilayer protocol architecture, in which the data are divided for organizational purposes into data packets having header data and payload data, a transmitting and/or receiving unit and a communication system. The transmission of data in the form of a point-to-multipoint transmission over a general channel, in particular in a mobile radio system, is carried out by adding to packet data which are being sent to multicast groups control data for the identification of a specific multicast group.

Abstract: An HDLC accelerator includes a deframer and framer to respectively accelerate the deframing and framing processes for PPP packets. The deframer includes an input interface unit, a detection unit, a conversion unit, and an output interface unit. The input interface unit receives a packet of data to be deframed. The detection unit evaluates each data byte to detect for special bytes (e.g., flag, escape, and invalid bytes). The conversion unit deframes the received data by removing flag and escape bytes, “un-escaping” the data byte following each escape byte, providing a header word for each flag byte, and checking each deframed packet based on a frame check sequence (FCS) value associated with the packet. The output interface unit provides deframed data and may further perform byte alignment in providing the deframed data. A state control unit provides control signals indicative of specific tasks to be performed for deframing.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for reducing the average delay associated with sending a packet from one environment to another via a store and forward buffer are disclosed. According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for processing transmission units received over a first network connection includes receiving a first transmission unit on the first network connection, storing the first transmission unit in a buffer, and determining when contents of the buffer meet a plurality of criteria. The method also includes sending a backpressure over the first network connection when it is determined that the contents of the buffer meet the plurality of criteria. In one embodiment, determining when the contents of the buffer meet a plurality of criteria includes determining when the contents of the buffer are of an amount that exceeds a threshold and determining when the contents of the buffer include at least one full packet.

Abstract: In some embodiments of the present invention, asynchronous network nodes and synchronous network nodes coexist on a shared media network.

Abstract: A system, method and computer readable medium are provided for monitoring functionality of multiple network interfaces and providing fault recovery. The network interfaces are grouped into nodes and a monitoring address is assigned to each of the network interfaces such that the monitoring address for each of the network interfaces is on a different subnet than the monitoring addresses for all of the other network interfaces in the same node as that network interface. According to the method, each of the network interfaces is assigned one or more recovery addresses that each are different than its monitoring address. A monitoring message is periodically sent to each of the network interfaces via the monitoring addresses in order to determine the functionality of the network interfaces. If no monitoring message is received within a predetermined period, a recovery operation is performed for one of the network interfaces using one or more recovery addresses of the one network interface.

Abstract: A network device includes a memory and a packet forwarding engine. The memory stores a multicast list table, tag descriptor data and layer 2 (L2) encapsulation data. The packet forwarding engine receives a first pointer to an entry in the multicast list table, the entry including a second pointer to the tag descriptor data. The packet forwarding engine utilizes the second pointer to retrieve the tag descriptor data, the tag descriptor data including a third pointer to the encapsulation data. The packet forwarding engine constructs a packet header utilizing the retrieved encapsulation data and appends the packet header to a packet payload for forwarding out of the packet forwarding engine.

Abstract: Method and apparatus providing connection-oriented services for packet switched data communications networks. Directory services include distributed discovery of MAC addresses and protocol alias addresses. Topology services include a link state topology exchange among switches, which provides each switch with a complete topology graph of the network. This enables an access switch receiving a data packet to determine a complete path from a source end system to a destination end system. Another service includes resolution of broadcast frames to unicast frames, in order to reduce the amount of broadcast traffic. Policy restrictions may be applied prior to connection setup. Path determination services enable multiple paths from a source to a destination. Connection management includes source routed mapping of connections on the desired path.