Abstract: A heatsink comprising a heat exchange device having a plurality of heat exchange elements each having a surface boundary with respect to a heat transfer fluid, having successive elements or regions varying according to a fractal relationship. According to one embodiment, a noise spectrum due to fluid flow is wideband. According to another embodiment, surface boundary layers are disrupted to increase heat transfer. Flow-induced vortices may be generated at non-corresponding locations of the plurality of fractally varying heat exchange elements.

Abstract: A thin-plate loop heat pipe comprises a housing including a first housing plate and a second housing plate that are relatively covered and sealed together at edges. An evaporation chamber, a vapor channel, a condensation chamber, a liquid channel, a compensation chamber and an auxiliary fluid channel are formed between the first housing plate and the second housing plate. The compensation chamber stores a liquid-phase working medium. A first capillary structure divides the evaporation chamber into a first vapor chamber and a second vapor chamber. The second vapor chamber is located between the first vapor chamber and the compensation chamber, the second vapor chamber is separated from the compensation chamber by the first capillary structure, the first vapor chamber and the condensation chamber communicate with each other by the vapor channel, the second vapor chamber and the condensation chamber communicate with each other by the auxiliary fluid channel.

Abstract: A construction element of a null-energy system includes a body on which the construction element can further include a porous material compartment with porous material to store water and evaporate the stored water outwards from the porous material through a holding layer on the opposite side of the porous material compartment to the body. The null-energy system uses a construction element of null-energy system as embodied therein.

Abstract: A heat dissipation device includes a first casing and a second casing coupled to the first casing. The second casing includes a body having an inner surface and an outer surface opposite the inner surface, and a first portion and a second portion, each of the first and second portions having a different cross-sectional area. The heat dissipation device further includes a plurality of columns on the inner surface, and a first wick structure disposed on the inner surface and in the first portion and the second portion.

Abstract: A flat tube, a multi-channel heat exchanger, and an air conditioning and refrigeration system. The flat tube has n groups of flow channels extending in a length direction of the flat tube, and the n groups of flow channels are distributed to be spaced apart in a width direction of the flat tube; and a flow cross-sectional area of a first group of the flow channels is A1, . . . , a flow cross-sectional area of kth group of the flow channels is Ak, . . . , a flow cross-sectional area of an nth group of the flow channels is An, 1<k?n, Ak?1.2Ak-1, and k is an integer greater than 1.

Abstract: Methods and valves for providing a continuous flow of cooler fluid in a fluid circuit of a thermal control system between a cooler and automotive transmission such that free flow of cooler fluid between the cooler and transmission exists at vehicle start-up. Fluid flow to and from the cooler is bypassed in case of pressure increases in cooler lines or pressure differentials, for example cause by a blockage in the cooler, such that the cooler fluid flow bypasses the cooler and continues in the fluid circuit through a thermal element of the thermal control system and back to the transmission.

Abstract: A vapor chamber includes a shell body, a wick structure, a single-piece support structure and a working fluid. The shell body includes a first shell and a second shell. A chamber is formed between the first shell and the second shell. The wick structure is disposed in the chamber and attached on the shell body. The single-piece support structure is disposed in the chamber and between the first shell and the second shell, and includes support bodies and ribs. Each support body includes a hollow rod and an annular seat. Any adjacent two of the annular seats are connected by one of the ribs. The support body are arranged at an interval. The ribs are arranged along the support bodies to form hollow portions between each support body and each rib. The working fluid is disposed in the chamber.

Abstract: A cooling assembly for a motor vehicle, the cooling assembly having a primary heat exchanger comprising a pair of primary collector boxes, the primary collector boxes with primary header plates, the primary header plates being of essentially rectangular shape; a plurality of primary tubes stacked between the primary header plates; a secondary heat exchanger comprising a pair of secondary collector boxes with secondary header plates being of essentially rectangular shape; a plurality of secondary tubes stacked between the secondary collector boxes. The primary heat exchanger and the secondary heat exchanger are arranged in parallel, perpendicularly to each other so that the secondary header plates of the secondary heat exchanger at least partially overlap the stack of the primary tubes of the primary heat exchanger.

Abstract: Proposed is a compressor cooling system for cleaning a vehicle sensor, the system including: a rainwater sensor unit provided on a front window of a vehicle for detecting rainwater; a rainwater collection unit for collecting the rainwater flowing down to under the front window; a water pump unit connected to the rainwater collection unit for discharging the collected rainwater to an air compressor; and an air compressor cooling unit combined with the air compressor and having an inlet flow path and an outlet flow path inside, the discharged rainwater cooling the air compressor while flowing through the inlet flow path and the outlet flow path.

Abstract: An air-conditioning apparatus includes a refrigerant circuit and a controller. The refrigerant circuit includes a main circuit and a bypass circuit. The bypass circuit is connected, by a pipe, to each of a plurality of parallel outdoor heat exchangers via a defrosting refrigerant pressure-reducing device, a defrosting flow passage switching device, and a backflow prevention device. The controller switches a flow passage for use in introduction of refrigerant using the defrosting flow passage switching device, to select one of the plurality of parallel outdoor heat exchangers as a defrosting target to be defrosted; and supplies defrosting refrigerant whose pressure is reduced by the defrosting refrigerant pressure-reducing device to the selected one of the plurality of parallel outdoor heat exchangers.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled cooling structure includes a cooling main body having a condensation chamber and an evaporation chamber arranged vertically therein; a separation member arranged between and separating the condensation chamber and the evaporation chamber, and having a first through hole and a second through hole communicating with the condensation chamber and the evaporation chamber, a dimension of the first through hole being greater than that of the second through hole; a longitudinal partition board received in the condensation chamber and arranged between the first through hole and the second through hole and separating the condensation chamber into a first channel and a second channel; cooling fins extended from an outer perimeter of the cooling main body.

Abstract: A 3-way valve includes a central channel into which opens an inlet port, a first outlet port and a second outlet port. The 3-way valve has an adjustment device simultaneously ensuring the opening and the closing of the first port and the closing and the opening of the second port, so that the closing speed of the first port is faster than the opening speed of the second port.

Abstract: A heat exchanger has a first inlet in fluid communication with a tank that contains a first chemical solution of a known concentration, and a second inlet in fluid communication with a conduit. The conduit is in fluid communication with a process tool and conveys a second chemical solution from the process tool to the second inlet. The heat exchanger receives a quantity of the first chemical solution via the first inlet and a quantity of the second chemical solution via the second inlet, and adjusts a temperature of the received quantity of the first chemical solution to bring the temperature of the received quantity of the first chemical solution toward a temperature of the received quantity of the second chemical solution. The temperature-adjusted first chemical solution can be selectively provided to an analytic flow cell for verification and/or calibration of the flow cell.

Abstract: The heat sink with opposed elements providing a temperature gradient has first and second thermally conductive elements disposed diametrically opposite each other on opposite sides of a chamber filled with a thermally conductive phase change material (PCM). The first and second thermally conductive elements ascend vertically from a thermoconductive base of the PCM chamber, which is adapted for mounting on the case of a heat source, such as an electronic component that generates heat or has heat applied thereto from its surroundings during operation. The first thermally conductive element is maintained hotter than the second thermally conductive element to provide a temperature gradient across the PCM chamber. The PCM melts as heat is absorbed. Convection currents are induced in the melting PCM that facilitate heat absorption from the heat source while maintaining the heat sink at a relatively low temperature by dissipation of heat through the second thermally conductive element.

Abstract: A mouthfeel maintaining method of an ice cream machine is provided. The ice cream machine is equipped with a freezing cylinder, a stirring device, a main refrigeration system, and a control system. When the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is in a forming solid stage, the control system controls the ice cream machine to enter a mouthfeel maintaining state. The forming solid stage is: a stage from when all the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder is converted into all-solid ice cream until the preset hardness or the preset viscosity value is reached. The mouthfeel maintaining state is as follows that: the main refrigeration system refrigerates the ice cream material in the freezing cylinder according to the refrigeration capacity close to the lower limit refrigeration capacity. Moreover, the ice cream machine can discharge the all-solid ice cream in the freezing cylinder in the mouthfeel maintaining state.

Abstract: A stacked panel tube bundle for an air cooled steam condenser having two sets of condensing tubes, one set arranged above the other, the first (lower) set of tubes in direct fluid communication with a combined steam delivery/condensate collection manifold at a bottom end and in indirect fluid communication with a non-condensable collection manifold via an L-shaped extension member; the second (upper) set of tubes in direct fluid communication with the non-condensable collection manifold at the top, and in indirect fluid communication with the combined steam delivery/condensate collection manifold via an L-shaped extension member.

Abstract: A self-contained HVAC system is a single structure having a sequential arrangement of coupled housings. At least two housings are offset with respect to one another in two dimensions. HVAC components are disposed throughout and within the coupled housings. The HVAC components include operational components interconnected by electrical lines and fluid-carrying lines where the HVAC components are operable to generate at least one of heated air and cooled air.

Abstract: A method of controlling an HVACR unit in an HVACR system including an HVACR unit through which a process fluid is pumped to meet a temperature control demand includes monitoring, by a controller, a flowrate of the process fluid through the HVACR unit. When the flowrate of the process fluid is above a minimum flowrate threshold, the process fluid is provided to one or more terminals in the HVACR system according to the temperature control demand. A bypass flow of the process fluid through a bypass line is disabled by changing a state of a valve fluidly connected to the bypass line and one of the one or more terminals to a flow disabled state. When the flowrate of the process fluid is below the minimum flowrate threshold, the controller enables the bypass flow of the process fluid through the bypass line.

Abstract: Provided is a refrigerator that includes the following: a storage chamber having a space to store a preserved product; an oscillator that forms high frequency power; and oscillation electrode (24) and counter electrode (25) disposed facing each other and connected to the oscillator, oscillation electrode (24) and counter electrode (25) receiving the high frequency power from the oscillator to generate an electric field in the storage chamber. Oscillation electrode (24) and counter electrode (25) are provided at interval H that is shorter than a long side dimension of oscillation electrode (24).

Abstract: Systems and methods for inhibiting growth of fungi and other organisms in air treatment systems such as air conditioners, humidifiers, dehumidifiers, and air washers. A pair of electrodes are brought into contact with liquid collected by a collection subsystem of the air treatment system. One of the electrodes includes a bio-inhibiting conductor. Electrical current is caused to pass between the electrodes, causing the bio-inhibiting conductor to be released into the collected liquid.