Abstract: This invention comprises the use of diacetylene-containing polymers, e.g., olyamides containing reactive diacetylene groups that change their absorption in the visible spectrum with the application of strain as a strain sensing device in various organic matrix composites such as an epoxy laminated composite. The built in sensors in accordance with this invention will not affect the mechanical performance of the composite and will indicate strain without the need for extensive electronic equipment to measure the light pulse amplitude or phase before and after strain.

Abstract: The invention relates to the use of certain styrenated diphenylamine and hindered phenol compositions for the stabilization of polyether polyols.

Abstract: An alkoxybenzotriazole, in combination with mercaptobenzothiazole, tolyltriazole, benzotriazole, a substituted benzotriazole and/or 1-phenyl-5-mercaptotetrazole, is used to inhibit the corrosion of metallic surfaces, particularly copper surfaces, in contact with an aqueous system. Systems and compositions are also claimed.

Abstract: An efficient direct functionalization of nitrocubanes has been achieved by irradiation of a solution in an oxalyl halide to yield halogenated and halocarbonylated derivatives of nitrocubanes.

Abstract: An orthophosphate salt and sodium silicate, when used in a 3:1 ratio by weight, and in a concentration of 0.1 to 100 mg/L, are found to have a synergistic effect in controlling the corrosion of carbon steel in an aqueous system, e.g., a municipal water supply system. The synergistic combination is also useful in reducing lead solubility and leaching, and in stabilizing soluble iron and manganese and their reaction products.

Abstract: Solid ascorbic acid particles of less than 38 microns in size are shown to be effective antioxidants for substrates in which ascorbic acid is insoluble, such as animal and vegetable oils, essential oils, carotenoids, and the like, at weight concentrations of 0.02% and even at 0.005% or below. These particles are preferably prepared by wet milling ascorbic acid in a medium in which it is insoluble, until the size is less than 38 microns, and preferably less. Employment of such particles in a medium in which they are insoluble, as well as employment in the stabilization of fats, oils, and foods, is demonstrated.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting corrosion of metal surfaces in contact with an aqueous system, comprising contacting the metal surfaces with a telomer compound having the formula I: ##STR1## in which M is hydrogen or an alkali or alkaline earth metal ion, an ammonium ion or a quaternised amine radical; and n is an average integer ranging from 1 to 60.

Abstract: Aqueous aldehyde solutions for trapping hydrogen sulfide comprising 5 to 50% by weight of an aldehyde and 1 to 5% by weight, relative to the aldehyde solution of a formulation comprisinga) 10 to 80% by weight of a long-chain quaternary ammonium compound and 20 to 90% by weight of water or of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alcohol,b) 10 to 80% by weight of a condensation product of a C.sub.12 -C.sub.18 -fatty acid with a polyethylene polyamine of the formulaNH.sub.2 --(C.sub.2 H.sub.4 --NH).sub.x --C.sub.2 H.sub.4 --NH.sub.2in which x is 1, 2 or 3 and the molar ratio of fatty acid to basic nitrogen in the polyethylene polyamine is 3:1 to 3:2, and 20 to 90% by weight of water or of a C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 -alcohol, orc) 50 to 95% by weight of the fatty acid-polyethylene polyamine condensation product as defined in b) and 5 to 50% by weight of a nonionic or anionic surfactant.

Abstract: A coating composition that inhibits corrosion of metal substrates, a method of inhibiting corrosion of a metal substrate with a corrosion-inhibiting coating composition, and a metal article that resists corrosion are disclosed. The corrosion-inhibiting coating composition comprises: (a) a high molecular weight epoxy resin; (b) a phenolic resin; (c) an organic corrosion inhibitor having the general structural formula ##STR1## wherein each R is selected, independently, from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, alkylsulfonyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl, alkylphenyl, phenylalkyl, halo, cyano, nitro, carboxyl, carboxyalkyl, hydroxy, amino, and carbamoyl, and wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are selected, independently, from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, carboxyalkyl, carboxyl, phenyl, and phenylalkyl, and wherein at least one of the R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.

Abstract: Specific triazoles discovered to be useful as industrial fungicides are:1. .alpha.-n-butyl-.alpha.-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitrile2. .alpha.,.alpha.-diphenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitrile3. .alpha.-benzyl-.alpha.-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitrile4. .alpha.-n-butyl-.alpha.-2-methoxyphenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitrile5. .alpha.-n-butyl-.alpha.-4-fluorophenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitrile6. .alpha.-phenyl-.alpha.-(2-phenylethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitrile7. .alpha.-(4-fluorophenyl)-.alpha.-n-propyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1-propanenitri le8. .alpha.-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)ethyl]-.alpha.-phenyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-1- propanenitrile9. .alpha.-n-butyl-.alpha.

Abstract: A method of removing hydrogen sulfide from a sour gaseous stream in a contact zone by contacting the sour gaseous stream with a H.sub.2 S selective absorbent in an aqueous alkaline solution containing a polyvalent metal chelate at a pH of about 7 to about 10 wherein the polyvalent metal chelate is in one embodiment of the invention in the reduced or lower valence state in a contact zone and is oxidized to the oxidized or higher valence state in an oxidation zone so as to convert absorbed hydrogen sulfide, hydrosulfide and/or sulfide salts present in the contact zone to sulfur. In a second embodiment, the aqueous alkaline solution and H.sub.2 S selective absorbent in contact with the gaseous stream is a mixture containing a higher valence polyvalent metal chelate together with a lower valence polyvalent metal chelate.

Abstract: An efficient direct functionalization of nitrocubanes has been achieved by rradiation of a solution in an oxalyl halide to yield halogenated and halocarbonylated derivatives of nitrocubanes.

Abstract: An efficient direct functionalization of nitrocubanes has been achieved by rradiation of a solution in an oxalyl halide to yield halogenated and halocarbonylated derivatives of nitrocubanes.

Abstract: A vapor phase corrosion inhibitor-desiccant formulation comprising silica gel granules coated with a finely divided anhydrous molybdate selected from the group consisting of anhydrous sodium molybdate, anhydrous ammonium dimolybdate, and anhydrous amine molybdates having the structural formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an aliphatic hydrocarbon having up to 7 carbon atoms, and wherein R.sub.2 is either hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon having up to 7 carbon atoms with these anhydrous molybdates being provided in admixture with sodium nitrite and benzotriazole. The composite formulations of the present invention have been found to be particularly desirable as a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor when in contact with the environs of metals susceptible to corrosion including, for example, iron, aluminum, copper, and alloys such as alloys of iron, copper, and the like. The vapor phase corrosion inhibitors appear to exhibit improved properties when utilized as a powdered coating upon granular silica gel.

Abstract: A process of preparing an alkaline solution of Labiatae antioxidants essentially free of lipids by agitating a solvent extract of the herb with an aqueous alkaline lower-aliphatic alcoholic or polyol solution thereof, separating the aqueous phase from the insoluble phase, and removing the alcohol from the aqueous phase by distillation to give a stable product with an antioxidant strength of 0.2 or more, having a pH above about 8.4, and having less than 75% water, preferably in the presence of a water-immiscible solvent, and a stable aqueous antioxidant solution of a Labiatae extract, consisting essentially of essentially all of the antioxidant substances present in the herb, which is preferably rosemary, sage, or thyme, with an antioxidant strength of 0.2 or more, and less than about 75% water, preferably having a pH between about 8.4 and about 11.

Abstract: A method for preventing agglomeration of powder, characterized in that a polyvinyl pyrrolidone and/or a vinyl pyrrolidone-vinyl ester copolymer is incorporated as an anti-agglomeration agent to the powder.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and compositions useful for inhibiting corrosion of a corrodible metal resulting from contact of water and air with the metal. In this method, a stannous salt and a hydrocarbyl substituted succinimide of a polyethylene polyamine are added to the water in minor amounts and cooperatively reduce corrosion of the metal to a substantially zero rate. While the amount of each agent for an effective inhibition is minor, say in the range of from about 0.1 to 100 ppm, a relatively concentrated solution is required for addition to the water. Suitable solvent media include the lower alkanols and mixture thereof with or without added water. Isopropanol is preferred. The solvent component of the compositions also varies depending upon the particular imide and/or salt component employed and the concentration desired.

Abstract: A composition and method for inhibiting corrosion of ferrous metals in contact with an aqueous solution comprising adding to the system from 0.1 to 500 ppm of an aminohydroxysuccinic acid compound selected from group consisting of compounds of the generalized formulas: ##STR1## wherein R is H or C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, optionally substituted with --OH, --CO.sub.2 H, --SO.sub.3 H or phenyl, C.sub.4 C.sub.7 cycloalkyl, or phenyl which is optionally substituted with --OH, or --CO.sub.2 H, and R' is H, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, optionally substituted with --OH or CO.sub.2 H; and ##STR2## wherein R' is as above, and Z is selected from the group consisting of i) --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- wherein n is an integer from 2 to 10, ii) --(CH.sub.2).sub.2 --X--(CH.sub.2).sub.2 -- wherein X is --O--, --S--, --NR"--; wherein R" is selected from the group consisting of H, C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, carboxyallkyl, acyl, --C(O)OR"' wherein R"' is C.sub.1 C.sub.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for removing dissolved oxygen from aqueous systems, for example, boiler water systems for oil injection water or brine. The disclosed method uses a salt of a keto-gluconic acid, or a salt of a stereoisomer of a keto-gluconic acid, as the oxygen scavenger a metal containing compound which controls the rate of oxygen removal.

Abstract: Disclosed are compositions comprising the reaction product of maleic anhydride and at least one alkenylsuccinic anhydride. These compositions when hydrolyzed and neutralized are useful in not only imparting corrosion resistance to ferrous metal surfaces in contact with aqueous systems but also retard or prevent precipitation of alkaline earth salts of organic acids from the aqueous system.