Abstract: A method and apparatus for controlling a drilling operation involving the rotation of a bottom-hole assembly carried by a drillstring. In one embodiment, an integrated, closed-loop rigsite analysis system is provided for acquiring and analyzing real-time mud logging and downhole data, and displaying in real-time values of one or more operator-controllable parameters, along with dynamic critical values of at least one controllable operating parameter, thereby enabling an operator to modulate such parameter on a real-time basis to optimize operation. The integrated information is derived by intelligent combination of data into meaningful and useable information that can be displayed in an informative manner.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of estimating formation properties by analyzing acoustic waves that are emitted from and received by a bottom hole assembly. A bottom hole assembly may be deployed in a borehole to estimate formation properties. From the bottom hole assembly, a source signal may be emitted and at least one signal may be received by one or more receivers in the bottom hole assembly. Analysis of the frequency dependent characteristics of the received signal allows the estimation of the formation properties of interest, including pore pressure. The formation properties of interest may be used to monitor a wellbore pressure safety margin and to optimize drilling and weight.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of coordinating and stabilizing the delivery of wind generated power, such as to a power grid, so as to avoid sudden surges and spikes, despite wind speed fluctuations and oscillations. The method preferably uses a plurality of windmill stations, including a number of immediate use stations, energy storage stations, and hybrid stations, wherein energy can be used directly by the power grid, and stored for later use when demand is high or wind availability is low. The method contemplates forming an energy delivery schedule, to coordinate the use of direct energy and energy from storage, based on daily wind speed forecasts, which help to predict the resulting wind power availability levels for the upcoming day. The schedule preferably sets a reduced number of constant power output periods during the day, during which time energy delivery levels remain substantially constant, despite fluctuations and oscillations in wind speed and wind power availability levels.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention provide methods for correlating well logs. More specifically, but not by way of limitation, in an embodiment of the present invention, data from two or more overlapping logs may be generated by a well logging device and a model for the apparent compliance of the elongate member (e.g. the drill string), which controls the position of the logging device, may be combined to correlate the log data.

Abstract: A method for correcting a characteristic curve having values corresponding to displacement between a magnetic sensor element and a magnetic ruler of a sensor within a displacement range includes determining whether the characteristic curve has a jump discontinuity by comparing a first value at a first range end to a second value at a second range end and by comparing values between the range ends. Upon determining that the characteristic curve has a jump discontinuity, the method further includes determining the magnitude of the jump discontinuity, defining a decision threshold lying between the first and second values, identifying the values within the range which are lower than the decision threshold, and offsetting the identified values by the magnitude of the jump discontinuity such that the characteristic curve is corrected to eliminate the jump discontinuity, whereby subsequent measurements made by the MR sensor take into account the jump discontinuity magnitude offset.

Abstract: A method of determining formation density in a cased hole environment using a logging tool having a gamma ray source, a long spacing detector, and a short spacing detector that includes developing one or more cased hole calibration relationships that utilize differences between scattered gamma rays observed by short spacing detectors and scattered gamma rays observed by long spacing detectors to determine corrected formation density values, and using the cased hole calibration relationships and scattered gamma ray measurements obtained by the long spacing detector and the short spacing detector to determine the formation density. An associated article of manufacture and computerized well logging system are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides an interactive system for controlling seismic data acquisition. A central controller controls seismic sources, detectors and receivers. A user/operator is provided one or more views of the operational components over a graphical user interface and is provided software to change parameters associated with the components. A second controller might be located in a seismic source vehicle. There exists two-way data and audio communication between the two controllers for providing dual control of the system. A field operator, relays information to and receives information from the central operator and controller. Together, the operators make decisions for selecting and operating system components.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of estimating formation properties by analyzing acoustic waves that are emitted from and received by a bottom hole assembly. A bottom hole assembly may be deployed in a borehole to estimate formation properties. From the bottom hole assembly, a source signal may be emitted and at least one signal may be received by one or more receivers in the bottom hole assembly. Analysis of the frequency dependent characteristics of the received signal allows the estimation of the formation properties of interest, including pore pressure. The formation properties of interest may be used to monitor a wellbore pressure safety margin and to optimize drilling mud weight.

Abstract: A dimension of a conductive material in a semiconductor wafer is determined by a computer that treats as identical (a) volume of the conductive material which is proportional to an effective surface area of sidewalls of an insulative trench and (b) volume of the conductive material derived from geometry based on a predetermined amount by which width of a conductive trench (if present) in the conductive material differs from width of the insulative trench. In some embodiments, the computer computes the effective surface area as the product of trench depth and a layout parameter, either or both of which may be partially or wholly empirically determined from a test wafer containing several topographies. The computer computes the dimension assuming one topography and validates the assumption if a predetermined condition is met. If the condition is not met, the computer re-computes the dimension, assuming another topography.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present invention include a method and system for overlaying orthorectified aerial images with map information tied to a state plane coordinate system. Computer media storing a computer program implementing an embodiment of the method of the present invention is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method and system for monitoring fluid flow, such as fluid flow through pipelines or similar conduits for delivering natural gas, crude oil, and other similar liquid or gas energy commodities, relies on the measurement of acoustic waves generated by the fluid, thus allowing for monitoring of the flow rate without direct access to the fluid. Furthermore, the method and system allows for estimation of the operational dynamics of components or facilities of the production, transportation, storage, and distribution systems for the energy commodities.

Abstract: A controllable seismic source is used in a seismic-while-drilling system for obtaining VSP data. Coded information is sent downhole about the signal generated by said controllable source. The information about the seismic source is used for reconstructing the source waveform and processing the VSP data. Optionally, a reference signal measured at one depth of the BHA is used for processing of signals at subsequent depths.

Abstract: A computer implemented method for forming an optimum stochastic model representative of the spatial distribution, in a heterogeneous underground zone, of physical quantities such as permeability and porosity, based upon measured dynamic data, representative of fluid displacements in a medium, using a continuous distribution parameterization technique is disclosed. The method has application for elaboration of an underground reservoir model by simulating the configuration of various heterogeneities: permeability, porosity, fractures, channels, etc.

Abstract: A method for predicting pore pressure is described which initially involves obtaining, for one point in a volume of Earth, a value of pore pressure and one or more seismic attributes. A relationship is determined between the value of pore pressure and the seismic attribute, for example by use of a neural network. Seismic data is then obtained for the volume of earth and the same attributes as selected above when determining relationship are extracted from the seismic data for another point in the volume. The extracted seismic attributes are then used as inputs to the previously determined relationship to produce as an output, a prediction of pore pressure at the other point. The seismic attributes are frequency related seismic attributes and include for example instantaneous frequency, weighted mean frequency, instantaneous pseudo-quality factor, instantaneous dominant frequency, instantaneous bandwidth, instantaneous phase, effective bandwidth, peak frequency, envelope and energy half time.

Abstract: A multicomponent induction logging tool is used on a MWD bottomhole assembly. Multifrequency focusing that accounts for the finite, nonzero, conductivity of the mandrel is applied. Using separation of modes, the principal components and relative dip angles in an anisotropic medium are determined. The results are used for reservoir navigation in anisotropic media.

Abstract: A multicomponent induction logging tool is used on a MWD bottomhole assembly. Multifrequency focusing that accounts for the finite, nonzero, conductivity of the mandrel is applied. Using separation of modes, the principal components and relative dip angles in an anisotropic medium are determined. The results are used for reservoir navigation in anisotropic media.

Abstract: Methods of characterizing subsurface conditions in a selected geographic region previously associated as a whole with a specific subsurface material characteristic reference profile such as from a USDA-NRCS soil survey. The method includes deploying a sensing tool at selected positions within the geographic region to determine a depth-referenced subsurface material characteristic such as soil type or strata, comparing the determined subsurface material characteristic to the subsurface material characteristic reference profile associated with the geographic region to determine a correlation between the subsurface material characteristic reference profile and the depth-referenced subsurface material characteristic, and then deciding whether to deploy the tool at another position, and at what optimum position to deploy the tool, by considering the correlation.

Abstract: A calibration system is provided for calibrating frequency domain reflectometers in the field by using both the scattering parameters of the multi-port junction determined at the factory and changing the offset and gain terms used in generating a complex reflection coefficient by using internal calibrated loads so that heavy, cumbersome external calibrated transmission lines are not required. In one embodiment the internal calibrated loads include RLC circuits and in another embodiment the internal calibrated loads include attenuators. Further, retesting or recalibration does not necessitate reconnecting the cable under test, which may remain connected to the reflectometer's test port throughout the procedure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a wind energy generating and storing system comprising methods and apparatuses for providing energy dedicated for immediate use and energy storage, to provide electrical power on an uninterrupted and continuous basis, to locations remote from an electrical power grid. In a large application, the invention contemplates having a predetermined number of windmills dedicated for immediate use, and a predetermined number of windmills dedicated for energy storage, as compressed air energy in one or more high pressure tanks. A hybrid windmill having the ability to simultaneously switch between energy for immediate use and energy storage can also be provided.

Abstract: A method for determining the composition of a fluid by using measured properties of the fluid. One embodiment of the method of the current invention generally comprises: selecting a fluid property that has a response to fluid composition that is linear, or can be approximated as linear; measuring the selected fluid property at a series of specific time intervals; and plotting the measured property as a function of the selected property. In effect, plotting the measured property as a function of fluid composition in an arbitrary set of units. This allows for a in-situ qualitative evaluation of fluid composition by measuring a fluid property that has a known linear relationship to fluid composition. Another embodiment of the present invention further comprises, establishing the endpoints of contamination and plotting the measured properties through these endpoints. Once the endpoints have been established a quantitative evaluation of the fluid composition can be performed.