Abstract: An EGR apparatus of a diesel engine having a particulate trapper means for preventing the particulate matter included in the exhaust gas from entering the engine cylinders.The EGR apparatus has two valve means, one disposed in the EGR passage for controlling the flow of the recirculated gas, the other being disposed in the intake passage for throttling the fresh air. When the engine is in an idle condition, one valve is opened and the other valve is closed, thereby improving the performance of the engine in the idle condition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an internal combustion engine comprising a crankcase, a cylinder extending from the crankcase and having an inlet port, a piston located in the cylinder, a transfer passage located between the crankcase and the cylinder inlet port, a fuel pump adapted to communicate with a source of fuel for normal operation, a carburetor having an air induction passage communicating with the crankcase and including a venturi, which carburetor also includes a float bowl communicating with the fuel pump and a high speed nozzle communicating between the float bowl and the venturi, a low speed fuel nozzle communicating with the transfer passage adjacent the inlet port, and a fuel line communicating between the float bowl and the low speed nozzle and including therein check valve means preventing flow from the transfer passage to the float bowl and permitting flow from the float bowl to the transfer passage, which fuel line also includes fuel flow metering means.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus are proposed for determining and controlling an exhaust gas recirculation rate in internal combustion engines (Diesel engines), wherein an adjusting member in the exhaust gas recirculation line is adjusted by a regulator in order to attain precise regulation of the exhaust gas quantity recirculated to the aspirated air zone. The regulator is supplied with the exhaust gas temperature (T4) measured at a given time as the load signal for the engine. The comparison value of the regulator is then either an actual value of the exhaust gas recirculation rate, ascertained by means of effective temperature measurements in the intake zone of the engine, or a set-point differential temperature which is produced by means of measuring the aspirated air quantity at a given time and the rpm.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an outboard motor comprising a cylinder, a crankcase extending from the cylinder and including an upper portion having a bearing and a lower portion having a drainage outlet, a transfer passage extending between the cylinder and the crankcase, a drains return inlet in one of the cylinder and the transfer passage, a fuel supply system including an inlet manifold communicable with the cylinder and having a drains outlet and a carburetor communicating with the inlet manifold and having a drainage outlet, an overboard drain, and a valve and conduit system selectively operable for communicating the overboard drain with each of the manifold drains outlet, the crankcase drains outlet, and the carburetor drainage outlet, for communicating the crankcase bearing and the drains return inlet with the manifold drains outlet and the crankcase drains outlet, and for closing the carburetor drainage outlet.

Abstract: Several embodiments of fuel injection controls for two-cycle crankcase compression internal combustion engines. In each embodiment, the fuel injection is controlled by measuring the amount of air inducted through measurement of the pressure generated in the crankcase. In each embodiment, abnormal pressure variations in the crankcase not due to the amount of air inducted are eliminated by measuring the pressures at predetermined crankshaft angles. In some embodiments, this is done through the use of a valving arrangement and in other embodiments, this is done electronically.

Abstract: A crankcase supercharged four cycle engine (10) includes an outside air inlet port (22) positioned so that upon each expansion stroke of the piston (11) a charge of pressurized air is fed to the crankcase (15), and hence through a one-way valve (25) and nozzle (26) into an enclosed surge tank (28). A tuning pipe (30) disposed within the surge tank has an inlet (31) at the nozzle outlet and provides a tuned passage which connects for discharge through a valved port (20, 21) into the engine cylinder (12). On one downward stroke of the piston, air from the outside air inlet port is compressed into the crankcase and is forced through the one-way valve and nozzle to provide a charge of compressed air which is trapped within the surge tank and tuning pipe. On the next downward stroke of the piston, another charge of compressed air is forced through the nozzle and into the tuning pipe inlet.

Abstract: An electronic fuel injection control system for an internal combustion engine, includes means for correcting the valve opening of the exhaust gas recirculation valve by the use of a correction coefficient so as to maintain the recirculating quantity of exhaust gases at a constant ratio with respect to the total intake air quantity, irrespective of changes in the ambient atmospheric pressure, and means for correcting the injection period for fuel being supplied to the engine as a function of atmospheric absolute pressure and intake pipe absolute pressure, whereby the air/fuel ratio of the mixture is maintained at an optimum value against changes in the atmospheric pressure, even when exhaust gas recirculation is effected.

Abstract: A fuel supply apparatus for internal combustion engines having a fuel injection pump for supplying a regulatable fuel injection quantity, a ventilation apparatus of the fuel injection pump, a fuel quantity meter and exhaust gas recirculation in accordance with fuel quantity. In the ventilation or overflow line for the pump interior pressure, there is a ventilation valve which responds at least when the pump interior pressure has attained a pressure value which results at an engine rpm outside the exhaust gas test range. In this case, the overflow line of the fuel injection pump is connected with the fuel supply container. At a lower rpm which is within the exhaust gas test range, the ventilation valve may be switched such that a connection is established with the pump inflow downstream of the fuel quantity meter. The ventilation valve may also be embodied as a magnetic valve which is actuated by pressure switches exposed to the pump interior pressure.

Abstract: A control installation for the feedback of exhaust gases, in which two adjusting valves are built into the feedback line in parallel to one another; the two adjusting valves are controlled by a three-way electric shifting valve which is actuated by a pressure sensor connected to the suction line, in such a manner that at lower engine loads, only one adjusting valve is opened whereas at higher engine loads, both adjusting valves are opened.

Abstract: In a valve in head two-cycle internal combustion engine, a slave piston and a power piston reciprocate in a pair of parallel cylinders. Valve opened and closed intake and exhaust ports respectively communicate with the slave piston and power piston cylinders. The engine head centrally contains a combustion chamber overlying a portion of both cylinders and communicating therewith through a valve opened and closed combustion inlet port and a combustion outlet port, respectively communicating with the slave cylinder and power cylinder so that a fuel rich mixture, when ignited in the combustion chamber, mixes with and burns air compressed in the power cylinder. An engine head supported rocker arm and shaft assembly, driven by a cam shaft, opens and closes the valves in sequence with the reciprocating pistons.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and to a port-controlled two-stroke internal combustion engine in which the cross-sections of the intake and outlet are so constructed in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the cylinder that in the case of an upward or downward movement of the piston, the noise-generating intake and outlet pressure gradients and amplitudes are reduced by the gradual opening of the particular intake and outlet, the piston lower edge and intakes having special constructions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for improving the performance and efficiency of a two-cycle internal combustion engine are described wherein the backflow combustion mixture gasses are captured at the reed valve and directed through a uni-directional passageway and injected back into the incoming air stream in the incoming air boot ahead of the carburetor so that the proper air-to-fuel mixture may be maintained by the carburetor. Recirculation of the backflow combustion mixture gasses as mentioned above increases the performance and the efficiency of a two-cycle internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A method and an arrangement for controlling exhaust return quantities of an automatic-ignition, internal combustion engine comprising a camshaft-driven piston injection pump and an exhaust control element in an exhaust return pipe. Pressure pulses occurring in an output pressure line of the injection pump during the injection-active delivery stroke are directly or indirectly detected as regards their pulse duration as the injection duration T.sub.E and their pulse intervals as the injection period T.sub.P. A certain injection stroke or a certain quantity of fuel to be injected per work cycle may be assigned, pump-specific, to each pair of values of these quantities through a known pump stroke curve. To control the return quantity of exhaust in dependence upon the quantity of fuel injected, the dependence between the pairs of values of T.sub.E, T.sub.P on the one hand, and control quantities for the return quantities of exhaust on the other hand, are stored in an at least two-dimensional identification field.

Abstract: A method and a system for electronically controlling the quantity of fuel being supplied to an internal combustion engine equipped with an exhaust gas recirculation control system. A plurality of sets of basic values of fuel quantity are stored beforehand, which are set as a function of at least two parameters indicative of operating conditions of the engine, for selection in response to the rate of recirculation of exhaust gases being effected by the exhaust gas recirculation control system. Read from a selected set of basic values of fuel quantity is a basic value of fuel quantity which corresponds to actual values of the above at least two parameters detected, and a quantity of fuel is supplied to the engine, which corresponds to the read basic value of fuel quantity.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation control method for controlling the recirculation of exhaust gases through an exhaust gas recirculating passageway communicating an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine for vehicles and an intake passage of same, in response to operating conditions of the engine. The range of the exhaust gas recirculation effecting region of the engine, which is determined by the engine rotational speed and another engine operation parameter indicative of intake air quantity, is varied in response to changes in the vehicle speed.

Abstract: An electronic fuel injection control system for an internal combustion engine, includes means for maintaining the recirculating quantity of exhaust gases at a constant ratio with respect to the total intake air quantity, irrespective of changes in the ambient atmospheric pressure, and means for correcting the injection period for fuel being supplied to the engine by the use of a correction coefficient determined as a function of atmospheric absolute pressure and intake pipe absolute pressure, whereby the air/fuel ratio of the mixture is maintained at an optimum value against changes in the atmospheric pressure, even when exhaust gas recirculation is effected.

Abstract: An electronic fuel injection control system for an internal combustion engine includes means for controlling the exhaust gas recirculation valve by using a plurality of different sets of predetermined valve opening command values which are functions of ambient atmospheric pressure and other parameters of operating condition of the engine, and are set such that the exhaust gas recirculating rate can be maintained constant irrespective of changes in the atmospheric pressure, by the use of these command values, and means for correcting the injection period for fuel being supplied to the engine in dependence upon ambient atmospheric pressure and intake pipe absolute pressure, whereby the air/fuel ratio of the mixture is maintained at an optimum value against changes in the ambient atmospheric pressure even when the exhaust gas recirculation is effected.

Abstract: Combustion control in a spark ignited internal combustion engine for inhibition of incipient detonation, or knock, is provided by the addition of exhaust gases or other diluent gases to the intake manifold of the engine prior to opening of the intake valve. The addition of this diluent gas causes a prestratification of the charge entering the combustion chamber of the engine. Upon compression and ignition of the charge, the diluent gas inhibits spontaneous combustion of the portions of the charge furthest away from the site of ignition of the charge, thereby preventing one cause of incipient detonation. This combustion control allows the engine to operate on much lower octane fuel than would be possible without prestratification.

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation system is applied to an internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber and an exhaust passage conducting exhaust gas from the combustion chamber to the atmosphere. The system includes a first mechanism provided to recirculate the exhaust gas through the combustion chamber. A second mechanism is associated with the first mechanism to adjustably determine the percentage of the exhaust gas recirculated. A sensor detects the average pressure in the exhaust passage. In response to the detected exhaust pressure, a third mechanism controls the second mechanism in such a manner that the percentage of the exhaust gas recirculated is independent of the variations in the average pressure in the exhaust passage.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas recirculation control system in which a fuel injection quantity is determined on the basis of engine speed and engine load, a throttle-closed range is determined on the basis of engine speed and fuel injection quantity. An exhaust gas recirculation control valve has an electromagnetically operable valve actuator, the duty cycle of which is controlled by a control signal. The duty cycle of the valve actuator is variable in accordance with engine operational condition either in or out of the throttle-closed range. An electromagnetically operated actuator is associated with the throttle valve for controlling the operation of the latter. The actuator is operable between a throttle-open position and a throttle-closed position to operate the throttle valve depending on whether the engine operation conditions are within or out of the throttle-closed range.