Abstract: An engine control system having a feedback control circuit for providing a correction factor corresponding to a deviation between actual and target values of at least one condition to be controlled. The feedback control circuit includes a memory with a potentiometer having a resistor and a wiper movable in sliding contact with the resistor. A reversible motor is drivingly connected to the wiper for moving the wiper on the resistor. There is provided a motor drive circuit for rotating the reversible motor in one or reverse direction in accordance with the deviation so as to permit the wiper to tap off a resistance corresponding to the deviation.

Abstract: Exhaust gas recirculation system including an intake pressure operated control valve for controlling the amount of exhaust gas recirculated to the intake system and a suction pressure adjusting valve of a duty factor solenoid type for determining the suction pressure applied to the control valve. A control circuit is provided for applying an operating signal to the pressure adjusting valve. The control circuit is associated with a memory device having memories of duty factors adapted to be applied to the pressure adjusting valve and corresponding to various combinations of engine speed and engine intake pressure. The memory device further includes memories on duty factors with which the control valve starts to open under various intake suction pressure, and memories on compensation factors under various engine temperatures so that the duty factors are modified under a cold engine temperature in accordance with the intake suction pressure and the engine temperature.

Abstract: An improved flow-type carburetor for an internal combustion engine comprising an exhaust gas conduit and port for introducing exhaust gas into the area of the carburetor defined between the venturi and the throttle valve and two or more ports for introducing additional air into the area of the carburetor between the venturi and throttle valve.

Abstract: A 2-cycle opposed cylinder internal combustion engine of simultaneous ignition type for portable machines such as grass trimmer. Two cylinders are provided at their same sides with intake ports and exhaust ports. In each cylinder, the intake port and the exhaust port are arranged in a side-by-side relation in the direction of axis of the cylinder. Namely, exhaust port which is heated to high temperature is arranged near the intake port which is cooled during the operation of the engine. In consequence, the temperature of the portion around the exhaust port is lowered while the temperature of the portion around the intake port is raised to uniformalize the temperature distribution in the cylinder to eliminate various problems attributable to non-uniform temperature distribution in the cylinder.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine for a vehicle has an exhaust gas recirculation system for returning exhaust gases to the engine intake passage. The carburetion system for the engine includes a fuel enrichment valve. A control suction air line from the intake passage operates a regulating valve which controls the exhaust gas recirculation valve as well as the fuel enrichment valve. The flow resistance through the control suction air line is controlled by a prescribed control factor, which factor may depend upon the engine temperature alone or supplemented by engine speed, engine load (suction pressure), or atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: The RPM bias valve combines a first fluid signal which varies inversely with the throttle position or with other engine conditions and a second fluid signal which varies with engine speed to produce a modulated output signal which varies as a function of both. A pressure responsive diaphragm (68) separates a first signal chamber (62) and a modulated output signal chamber (66). The diaphragm is also biased by an extension spring (90) which is connected with a cam follower (104). The position of the cam follower, hence, the biasing force or pressure applied by the extension spring, is controlled by a cam (102) and a rolling diaphragm (106) which is operated upon by the second fluid signal. A first valve (70) selectively connects the first and modulated signal chambers to reduce the vacuum in the modulated output signal chamber when the pressure responsive diaphragm (68) is out of its equilibrium position in one direction.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having an exhaust gas recirculation system provided with a recirculation control valve. An abnormality detecting circuit is provided to detect that the control valve is held open beyond a desired position position for more than a certain time due for example to a stick in the valve actuating mechanism so as to increase a charge of intake mixture in an idling operation or shutt-off the exhaust gas recirculation.

Abstract: An apparatus is proposed for controlling the exhaust recirculation rate in an internal combustion engine, in particular an engine with auto-ignition, which includes preferably one mixture valve in the area of the discharge opening of the exhaust recirculation line and which is characterized in that the control is accomplished via the mixture valve position ahead of the inlet valves in accordance with the concentration of at least one component of the air-exhaust gas mixture and/or at least one component of the exhaust gas. Thus it is possible to operate the engine with a relatively emission-free exhaust. An exhaust gas reservoir is further provided, with which peaks in the exhaust gas concentration due to a dynamic driving mode can be intercepted. Finally, it is also proposed that the exhaust recirculation be realized solely via a pressure, which can be controlled in open-loop or closed-loop fashion, in the exhaust line by means of a valve.

Abstract: The invention contemplates a continuously circulating pumped flow of diesel-engine fuel, involving thermodynamic coupling to the engine's coolant-circulation system (a) while the engine is operating and (b) involving selectively available thermodynamic coupling to an externally supplied electric-heater element during periods of engine shut-down. To assure fuel circulation during such operation of the heater element, a rectifier taps the external electric supply to provide pump excitation and thus not to drain the charge on the storage battery associated with the engine.

Abstract: A two stroke internal combustion engine with piston and cylinder has a crankshaft having peripheral gears and a cam both affixed to the same crankshaft throw. A trough is in the engine crankcase whereby the gears pass through lubrication.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas recirculation system for an internal combustion engine having an intake manifold in which a throttle valve is disposed and an exhaust gas conduit provided with a particle trap for accumulatively catching particles entrained by exhaust gas discharged from the engine, a control valve apparatus which is disposed in a recirculation passage and connected to the intake manifold downstream of the throttle valve and to the exhaust gas conduit upstream of the particle trap. The control valve apparatus comprises a first control means which is adapted for controlling the exhaust gas recirculation on the basis of the vacuum pressure prevailing in the intake manifold downstream of the throttle valve, and a second control means which is adapted for cooperating with the first control means to maintain optimum exhaust gas recirculation despite an increase in the pressure of the exhaust gas caused by clogging of the particle trap.

Abstract: The invention solves the problem of improving the preparation of an air-fuel mixture for the combustion processes thereof by its additional whirling and gasification.The method according to the invention consists in the creation of turbulence and gasification of the mixture by exhaust gases collected directly from the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder in which a working stroke is being performed, whereby the flow to the co-operating cylinder in which a suction stroke is being performed is controlled by the duration of opening the suction valve.The system for the creation of turbulence and gasification of the air-fuel mixture according to the invention has conduits (10, 14) connecting alternately a combustion chamber (9, 13) of a cylinder (1, 2) with exhaust ducts (22) in faces of seats (12, 16) of suction valves (3, 5), whereby the inlets of the conduits (10, 14) are provided with an insert (17) with a throttle nozzle (18) or with an insert (19) with more than one throttle nozzle (20).

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine, two opposed pistons of equal radius are slidably mounted in a cylinder and respectively connected to cranks of unequal throws mounted for rotation at oppositely disposed cylinder ends in a common crankcase. The pistons are adjustable in opposing linear travel to define a flexible cylinder-head, the relative piston positions of piston proximity establishing a range of compressions therebetween correspondable to the respective compression-ignitions of a plurality of available fluid fuels. The cranks are gear connected and similarly offset from the cylinder's longitudinal centerline to eliminate dead centers, produce higher combustion pressures at more effective crank angles, and coordinate the pistons' relative linear speeds in exhaust, air intake, fuel injection, compression and power production in two cycle operation of the engine.

Abstract: The high pressures in the combustion chambers of split cycle internal combustion engines require higher voltages to be applied to spark plugs than are utilized in conventional Otto cycle engines, with the result that the working life of the spark plugs is shortened. The present invention overcomes this difficulty by directing into the combustion chamber a pilot charge consisting of a spark-ignitable fuel in admixture with compressed air at a pressure below 2000 kPa, followed, after the pilot charge has been ignited, by a main charge of fuel and compressed air at a pressure higher than 2000 kPa.

Abstract: A vacuum modulating chamber of a vacuum control valve is communicated with a diaphragm chamber of a EGR valve for controlling an amount of exhaust gas to be recirculated into combustion chambers of an engine, so that a modulated negative pressure is applied thereto. The chamber is provided with a diaphragm deflected responding to the negative pressure in the chamber. The vacuum control valve is further provided with a cam member and a spring which urges the diaphragm in one direction so as to change a value at which the pressure in the vacuum modulating chamber is controlled, wherein a diameter of the cam member is larger than that of the diaphragm.

Abstract: An electronic engine control system has a pressure sensor communicating both to the intake manifold and the ambient air via a valve means selectively introducing either the intake vacuum or the ambient air into the pressure sensor. The control system further includes a valve control means for controlling the operation of the valve means for selectively communicating the pressure sensor to the intake manifold and the ambient air. The valve control means is incorporated in a controller for determining the control value and adapted to produce a control signal to be supplied to the valve means in order to electrically control the valve motion.

Abstract: Exhaust emissions are reduced, fuel consumption is improved for internal-combustion engines, and the number of cold starts reduced by storing heat energy from the operation of the engine in a heat-storage reservoir filled with a change-of-state heat-storage material. Absorbed heat energy is released back to the engine's intake manifold to maintain elevated engine temperature between uses and starting up of the engine.

Abstract: A porting and scavenging system for a two-cycle internal combustion engine that permits a more compact arrangement. The engine employs scavenging passages that lie on opposite sides of a plane passing through the cylinder axis and the center of the exhaust ports. These scavenging passages are arcuate in cross-sections perpendicular to the cylinder axis and their centers lie on the plane but are offset from the cylinder axis to the side opposite the exhaust ports. In addition, the scavenge passages extend at an angle to the cylinder axis so that their outlets into the cylinders disposed further from the exhaust ports than their inlets from the crankcase. This arrangement not only improves compactness but significantly improves scavenging.

Abstract: A two stroke oscillating piston engine comprising cylinder sections provided with feed chambers for additional fresh air. The two outer rings, acting as pistons, draw in fresh air through intake ports and force that air to enter combustion chambers through communication ducts and ports. The middle ring is intended for the fresh gas supply of the combustion chambers. The radial grooves for fresh air are provided at a shorter distance from the ports than the radial grooves for fresh gas. Burnt and expanded gas is first exhausted from the combustion chambers by fresh gas; then the combustion chambers are filled with fresh gas and fresh air. Thus, exhausting unburnt gas together with burnt gas is avoided and improved combustion is provided in the combustion chambers.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine and method of operating it that improves combustion efficiency, fuel economy and exhaust emission during low speed running. The engine is equipped with a relatively conventional main induction system and an auxiliary induction system having a substantially smaller cross sectional area for delivering a charge to the chambers of the engine at a high velocity to improve turbulence and combustion efficiency. A control valve arrangement is incorporated so that the idle and low speed requirements are supplied through the auxiliary induction system and the medium and higher load charge requirements are supplied primarily through the main induction system. An exhaust gas recirculating system is incorporated for reintroducing exhaust gases to the combustion chamber so as to reduce the emissions of nitrous oxide.