Abstract: In order to prevent air leaking into a ICE cooling system wherein the coolant is boiled and condensed in a radiator or condenser in a manner that the rate of condensation can be increased to the point of lowering the pressure within the system to a sub-atmospheric level and thus lower the boiling point of the coolant, special seals are provided between the cylinder head and cylinder block (by way of example) which hermetically seal same against the invasion of contaminating air, while, when the engine is stopped, coolant is admitted to fill the system. To purge any air or like non-condensible which finds its way into the system, coolant is pumped in to overfill same during engine warm up.

Abstract: An air intake side secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine having an air intake system using a carburetor and an air intake side secondary air supply passage leading to the downstream of the carburetor, and equipped with a fuel increment control system. The system includes an oxygen concentration sensor producing an output signal whose level is substantially proportional to an oxygen concentration of the exhaust gas, and an open/close valve disposed in the air intake side secondary air supply passage controlled in accordance the output signal of the oxygen concentration sensor. The system is adapted close the open/close valve continously to stop the air/fuel ratio control when an operation of the fuel increment control system is detected.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling movement of a throttle valve in response to a change in the position of an accelerator pedal. The apparatus includes a control circuit powered from a power source through an ignition switch for determining a value corresponding to a setting of the position of the throttle valve. A throttle actuator is connected to the control circuit for moving the throttle valve to the determined setting. A device is provided to retain the control circuit powered from the power source until the throttle actuator returns the throttle valve to its closed position after the ignition switch is turned off.

Abstract: In order to permit return of coolant condensate from a radiator to the coolant jacket in which liquid coolant is boiled and the vapor used as a vehicle for removing heat from highly heated engine structure, and simultaneous boiling point control via varying the amount of liquid coolant present in the radiator, a dual pump arrangement is provided. The first returns the liquid condensate to the radiator while the second moves coolant between the radiator and a reservoir. In some embodiments the pump arrangements are mechanically driven by the engine in order to improve response to demands for coolant movement and thus ensure rapid control of deviations from required conditions.

Abstract: The so called air intake side secondary air supply system for an internal combustion engine having a choke valve in an intake air passage supplies an air intake side secondary air into the intake air passage so that the air-fuel ratio is feedback controlled. During a period of cold operation of the engine in which the choke valve is actuated to close the intake air passage, the supply of the air intake side secondary air is stopped to enrich the air-fuel ratio upon detection of a no-load operating condition of the engine such as in the case where clutch is disengaged or in the case where the shift position of the transmission is the neutral position or the parking position.

Abstract: A viewing angle color sensitive lighting accessory comprising a sheet member capable of transmitting light, emitting from a visible light source, forwardly towards an area from which light is to be perceived, at least one optical interference multilayer coating on the sheet member and a reflector secured to the sheet member and extending around the light source. The coating has a transmittance which is a function of wavelength and angle of incidence, and in most instances, of state of polarization of the visible light thereto so that the light perceived from the light source has a particular coloration and, if desired, polarization at a particular viewing angle to the coating. The light source may be, for example, an incandescent light source or a light guide, or any other luminaire. The means securing the sheet member to the reflector preferably removably secures the sheet member thereto.

Abstract: An engine compression braking system for an internal combustion engine is provided which utilized a combination of a hydraulic reset mechanism and a lash take-up device. The mechanism and take-up device assure that the engine exhaust valves are closed, or substantially closed, prior to the normal opening of the exhaust valves during the power stroke of the engine drive pistons without adversely affecting the retarding horsepower produced by the engine during a braking mode.

Abstract: In an evaporative cooling system including a coolant jacket of an engine, a condenser, a lower tank connected to the lower portion of the condenser and conduit means connecting these parts in this order to form a coolant circulation circuit, there is provided a capacity variable tank which is fluidly connected to the lower tank to temporarily capture therein air remaining in the coolant circulation circuit under operation of the cooling system.

Abstract: In order to rapidly bring the temperature of the coolant in the coolant jacket of an evaporative type cooling system to a derived target value, both the rate of heat exchange between the condenser or radiator of the system and the surrounding ambient atmospheric air and the amount of coolant in the cooling circuit are varied in a manner to change the pressure and therefore the boiling point of the coolant. With the invention coolant is positively pumped to and from a reservoir which is maintained at atmospheric pressure, into and out of a cooling circuit which is hermetically sealed during engine operation via a valve and conduit arrangement which includes only two electromagnetic valves and associated conduits. A reversible pump is utilized to pump the coolant to and from the reservoir. The coolant is permitted to pass unrestrictedly through the pump when the pump is not operating due to a pressure differential between the cooling circuit and the reservoir.

Abstract: Apparatus for lighting the interior of a conventional metal mailbox having a rectangular bottom, a curved top and side section, a closed rear end, an open front end, a hinged cover pivoted about the horizontal base and having at its top a latch which when the cover is closed against the open front end of the box couples with a matching latch mounted at the top of the front end of the mailbox, the apparatus comprising an incandescent lamp having two terminals mounted in a socket depending from the top of the mailbox, a dry cell battery contained within an insulated case mounted beneath the bottom of the mailbox, a push button on-off switch having two terminals mounted on the latch at the front end of the mailbox, an insulated line connecting one terminal of the battery to one terminal of the on-off switch, and a second insulated line connecting the other terminal of the on-off switch to one terminal of the incandescent lamp, the other terminal of the battery being connected to the other terminal of the incande

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling a cylinder head of an engine which includes a cylinder head cover in the form of a plate adapted to fully cover an upper open surface of the cylinder head, an upper wall of the cylinder head having an insert hole for inserting an ignition plug fitting and removing tool, the insert hole being formed on an inner wall thereof with an inclined guide groove for guiding the ignition plug fitting and removing tool, an oil passage formed in the cylinder head cover, one end of the oil passage being opened at a side portion of the cylinder head cover and the other end being branched such that the branched ends extend around a plug seat in the cylinder head, a recess formed around the plug seat in the cylinder head, covers covering the recesses, and nozzles each disposed between the recesses and the other end of the oil passage with one end of each nozzle connecting with the other end of the oil passage and the other end extending into an associated recess whereby lubricating oil pumped up from

Abstract: A system for cooling internal combustion engines, in which there is provided a main cooling water line, a by-pass cooling water line and a motor-driven valve mechanism for regulating the mixture ratio of the water from the above two cooling water lines. The operation of the motor-driven valve mechanism is controlled by an electric control circuit which receives the signal from a water temperature sensor positioned close to the water inlet to the engine and generates the control signal to be transmitted to the motor. The motor-driven valve has a spool which makes an up-down movement or a rotary movement to regulate the mixture ratio of water.

Abstract: An engine coolant system contains a thermostat in a horizontally disposed line from the engine and a horizontally disposed air vent or bypass passage located above the thermostat to bleed air from the system. The bypass system contains a buoyant valve having a duckbill-like shape that pivots to one position by buoyancy in response to coolant flow to seal an air vent opening to the radiator, or to a return non-buoyant position permitting the bleed of air; one embodiment providing a valve with a buoyant insert as well as a weight insert; a second embodiment consisting entirely of a material buoyant in the conventional engine coolant.

Abstract: The combustion, especially a lean mixture, in an internal combustion engine is improved by providing an additional air introducing device. The device comprises an air by-pass pipe introducing additional air independently from the airflow through an intake manifold and having its outlet in the manifold at the vicinity of an intake valve and an air by-pass valve for adjusting the flow rate of the additional air through the by-pass pipe according to operational conductions of the engine. As a consequence, during the suction stroke of a cylinder, additional air, stagnated in the vicinity of the intake valve, is at first drawn in and then an air-fuel mixture supplied by a fuel injector is supplied to the cylinder. Accordingly, the stratification of combustible fluid is performed within the cylinder, in which an ignition plug is exposed to an upper phase formed by the mixture.

Abstract: An adjustable throttle linkage for use in an outboard motor having a pivotable throttle valve, and a throttle lever for controlling the position of the throttle valve. The adjustable throttle linkage comprises a connecting link having opposite ends, one end being connected to the throttle lever. The other end of the connecting link is adjustably connected to a control member in turn connected to the throttle valve. The apparatus for adjustably connecting includes a yoke connected to the control member, and the yoke includes a body having a first portion including a central bore adapted to house the threaded portion of the connecting link. The yoke includes a slot including opposed surfaces and housing a thumb wheel, the thumb wheel being threaded onto the threaded portion of the connecting link such that threaded movement of the thumb wheel on the connecting link causes movement of the yoke with respect to the connecting link.

Abstract: A known feature of internal combustion engines is that the cooling-water pump has an impeller which is rigidly connected with a squirrel cage rotor and which is driven without physical contact via the rotatory field of rotating permanent magnets. If such an engine is additionally provided with a flywheel generator, construction of the cooling-water pump is greatly simplified according to this invention, as the permanent magnets of the flywheel generator are simultaneously utilized for driving the impeller, and the water pump is positioned in a concentric recess of the flywheel, thereby saving space.

Abstract: This invention discloses apparatus for controlling the throttle of an aircraft engine so that it is either in the fully automatic electronic fuel control mode or in the completely manual mode while using a single throttle lever. In the event of a power failure in the aircraft, automatic reversion to the manual throttle control mode of operation is provided. The apparatus for achieving this consists of an outer housing shell having a lever arm extending radially therefrom, the outermost end of the lever arm being pinned to a source of translational motion such as provided by a push rod attached to the manual throttle lever. Within one end of the outer housing shell there is an output spool having on its outward facing end a boring sized to accommodate the throttle shaft of the engine fuel metering system. An input spool is mounted for rotation within the second end of the outer housing shell. The outward facing end of the input spool is secured by a shaft to the electronic fuel control equipment.

Abstract: A miniature flashlight with solderless connections for electrical circuitry capable of illuminating a lamp by the squeezing of a flexible case holding said circuitry. The circuitry includes a spring switch arm capable of being depressed by squeezing said flexible case to achieve electrical communication between two batteries and complete the battery circuit in order to illuminate the lamp. The spring switch arm having a portion thereof in continuous contact with a positive terminal of one battery and having a portion being centrally hinged so that upon squeezing said flexible case the spring switch arm is limited in its bending to a portion between said hinge portion and a free end thereof to prevent inadvertent lighting of the lamp. The spring switch arm will slightly move against the positive terminal when pivoted whereby to self-clean the terminal during use. The batteries, lamp and spring switch arm are held by an insulative cartridge that holds the batteries in side-by-side relationship.

Abstract: A cylinder head for a multicylinder DOHC internal combustion engine comprises an upper deck for supporting a pair of spaced camshafts for driving intake and exhaust valves and having spark plug wells equal in number to the cylinders in the engine. The upper deck is integrally formed with a row or tubular columns for surrounding the respective spark plugs. Each neighboring columns are connected together by means of a connecting rib extending longitudinally of the engine for impart a rigidity to the cylinder head effective to resist against the tendency of a cylinder head to warp in a direction longitudinally of the engine.

Abstract: An apparatus responsive to a change in the position of an accelerator pedal for controlling movement of a throttle valve situated within an induction passage. The induction passage has an auxiliary passage bypassing the throttle valve. A control valve is situated for movement within the auxiliary passage for controlling air flow through the auxiliary passage. The apparatus includes a control circuit which forces the throttle valve to move to its closed position and at the same time moves the control valve to permit air flow through the auxiliary passage when a failure occurs in the operation of the control circuit.