Abstract: The process, and product thereof, in which castable compositions comprising mixtures of 5-15% (by weight) of (1) a monomer or prepolymer mixture of castor oil and a dicarboxylic acid or urethane and (2) a vinyl copolymer mixture such as styrene and divinyl benzene with suitable cross-linking agents are made into highly useful products composed of simultaneously formed interpenetrating polymer networks. This process consists of first raising the temperature of the mixture to initiate polymerization of the vinyl copolymer, then, following phase separation and phase inversion but before gelation occurs, forming a product from the composition and thereafter heating the formed product to effect completion of the polymerization and crosslinking reactions.

Abstract: Process for polymerizing olefinic hydrocarbons at a temperature from 0.degree. to 90.degree. C., preferably from 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. in the presence of a catalyst containing aluminum oxide and, per part by weight thereof, boron oxide in a proportion of 0.01 to 1, preferably 0.07 to 0.15 part by weight and halogen in a proportion of 0.5 to 20%, preferably 4 to 12%, said catalyst resulting from the reaction of an aluminum compound of formula AlX.sub.y R.sub.(3-y) where X is halogen, R is a hydrocarbon radical and y is selected from 1, 3/2, 2 and 3, with a carrier containing aluminum oxide and boron oxide in a proportion to aluminum oxide from 1 to 100%.

Abstract: A solution of butyl rubber in an inert solution such as n-hexane is halogenated in a continuous process using bromine chloride vapor and high intensity mixing means for both the halogenation and subsequent neutralization steps. Adjustment of the mole ratio of bromine chloride to isoprene, where an isobutylene-isoprene butyl copolymer is used, to less than about 1.5 to 1 prevents overhalogenation and significant molecular weight loss, while the use of bromine chloride vapor results in improved process safety.The doubly halogenated product, containing both bromine and chlorine in its structure can be vulcanized in the absence of sulfur, e.g., with zinc oxide. It is particularly useful in rubber compositions where the singly halogenated product is employed, but demonstrates product performance advantages compared to both brominated butyl rubber and chlorinated butyl rubber.

Abstract: When an elastomeric copolymer of a C.sub.4 or C.sub.5 conjugated diene and an aromatic vinyl compound is brominated in latex while keeping the uniformity of the latex until the amount of bormine combined with the copolymer reaches 0.5-15% by weight, the resulting brominated conjugated diene-aromatic vinyl compound rubber contains 3-80% by weight of a toluene-insoluble fraction formed by the bromination and has a high green strength and a good processability. A vulcanized rubber obtained from said brominated rubber has a high modulus of elasticity and a high tensile strength. When an anionic surfactant is used as an emulsifier, the uniformity of the above-mentioned latex can be kept by adjusting the pH value of the bromination reaction system to 9 or highter, preferably 10 or higher, during the reaction or by auxiliarily adding a nonionic surfactant. When a cationic or nonionic surfactant is used as an emulsifier, regulation of pH is unnecessary.

Abstract: An anionic polymerization is carried out by polymerizing a monomer for anionic polymerization in a solvent in the presence of a polymerization initiator after preparing a polymerization system by an operation (I) adding a solution of an organometallic compound in a polymerization system of a solvent or a combination of a solvent and an inert gas and an operation (II) removing excess of the unreacted organometallic compound, before charging the monomer and the polymerization initiator.

Abstract: This invention relates to cross-linkable film-forming compositions which contain a polymer with pendant isocyano groups and a nickel oligomerization catalyst and to the use of the compositions in ambient temperature-cure finishes.

Abstract: This invention relates to cross-linkable film-forming compositions which contain a polymer with pendant isocyano groups and a trialkylborane cross-linking agent and to the use of the compositions in ambient temperature-cure finishes.

Abstract: A glass composition for effecting crosslinking of a polycarboxylic acid cement and cement compositions formed therefrom. The glass is of the aluminoborate type and comprises 40 to 75 mole % boric oxide, not more than 60 mole % zinc oxide, not more than 50 mole % calcium oxide and not more than 20 mole % alumina. Cements formed from the glasses have a wide range of applications including structural cements, dental filler and orthopaedic cements.

Abstract: A polymer is described which has particular utility as an additive imparting wet an dry strength to a paper base. The polymer is formed by the reaction of a polymer of an N,N-disubstituted vinyl-benzyl amine or homologue thereof with an epihalohydrin.

Abstract: A vulcanizable fluorinated rubber composition comprising a fluorinated rubber containing --CH.sub.2 --CF.sub.2 -- units in the polymeric chain, a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator as the essential components, characterized in that the vulcanizing agent is a fluorine-containing polyhydroxy aliphatic compound.

Abstract: The preparation of a branched, radial block copolymer having improved falling weight impact properties, and having trimodal distribution of molecular structure in the arms of the block copolymer is described.

Abstract: The preparation of a branched, radial block copolymer having improved falling weight impact properties, and having trimodal distribution of molecular structure in the arms of the block copolymer is described.

Abstract: The preparation of a branched, radial block copolymer having improved falling weight impact properties, and having monomodal distribution of molecular structure in the arms of the block copolymer is described.

Abstract: A process for the continuous washing of printed dye-fixed, web-shaped textile material, e.g. woven or knit fabrics formed of natural and/or synthetic fibers, on a full-width washing machine which involves first moistening the textile material, allowing the textile material to dwell in a folded condition, the dewatering of the textile material and immediately thereafter subjecting the textile material to an intensive throughflow from the outside toward the inside of a washing material on a rotating sieve drum. In this process in order to promote the swelling of the printing paste or the like, the textile material dwells in a cold liquor and then a film detachable from the textile material which covers the textile material is removed mechanically and thereafter the textile material is subjected to the intensive throughflow with a hot liquid on the sieve drum.

Abstract: An improved process for preparing rubber reinforced styrenic resins which are composite systems containing a copolymer of styrene and unsaturated nitrile together with copolymers of acrylates and conjugated diolefins.

Abstract: Polyurethane resins with an excellent weather resistance are provided by the reaction of polyols with trifunctional isocyanates which are expressed by the following general formula: ##STR1## (R=a remnant of divalent hydrocarbon group with carbon number of 2 or 3) The reaction between a polyol and a trifunctional isocyanate is effectuated at an NCO/OH mole percentage of 0.5 to 2.0, and adjustments are made so that the concentration of carbamide group will be 5.times.10.sup.-4 to 50.times.10.sup.-4 moles per gram of the reaction product, and that the bridging parameter will be 150 to 1,500.The resins may be used to best advantage as polyurethane resin coatings excelling in weather resistance.

Abstract: A method of crosslinking poly-.alpha.-olefin series resins, comprising the steps of subjecting a resin composition to graft reaction under a volume ratio of oxygen to the resin composition set at less than 0.1 and at temperatures ranging between the thermal decomposition temperature of the radical generating agent and 230.degree. C., said composition comprising at least one kind of poly-.alpha.-olefin series resin of polypropylene series resin, poly(butene-1) series resin or poly(4-methyl pentene-1) series resin; a radical generating agent of dibenzoyl peroxide or t-butyl perbenzoate; and a silane compound having the general formula of RR'SiY.sub.

Abstract: The use of C.sub.10 to C.sub.14 alkanoic acids, especially lauric acid, as a processing aid in the vulcanization of polychloroprene rubbers by heating in the presence of magnesium oxide, zinc oxide and thiophosphoric-N,N',N"-trimethyltriamide. Also the manufacture of pre-formed mixtures of the acid and the amide in the ratio of 0.5:1 to 2:1 for use in this process.The use of these acids overcome the technical problem of blooming on storage which is obtained when the more usual stearic acid is used in the process.

Abstract: Aluminum cyclopentadienyl compounds can be used to synthesize a variety of organic molecules containing the cyclopentadiene group, e.g., substituted cyclopentadiene compounds, polymer molecules with cyclopentadiene pendant groups, and polymer molecules with cyclopentadiene terminal groups.

Abstract: Polymers of esters of acrylic acid having an average chain length of about 6 to about 30 mers are prepared by an anionic polymerization reaction, carried out in the presence of a catalytic amount of an alkoxide anion. These polymers, their hydrolysis products, and their derivatives have a wide variety of applications, including among others use as components in films, coatings, fibers, impregnants, adhesives, and binders, and use as modifiers, plasticizers, melt flow improvers, and leveling agents.