Abstract: The disclosure concerns a press roll for pressing a web passing through a nip between the press roll and an 2 associated roll, particularly in a paper making machine. The press roll includes a rigid inner shell and flexible, elastic outer shell which rotates around the inner shell. An outwardly pressurized elongate pressure ledge is placed in the inner shell at the nip to produce an elongated nip and to be pressurized in opposition to the associated roll at the nip. In an alternate embodiment, the pressure ledge has a pressurized, outwardly facing recess facing the outer shell. A drive roll drives the outer shell to rotate around the inner shell. Recesses in the inner shell carry lubricant for lubricating the rotation thereof.

Abstract: Certain copolymers with lower alkyl quaternary ammonium salts of 1-acryloyl-4-methyl piperazine, particularly copolymers containing acrylamide, give outstanding results as fine and filler retention agents used in the manufacture of paper.

Abstract: The formation of slag is minimized and the removability of slag is greatly increased, in connection with the furnace burning of black liquor, by applying to the surfaces where slag tends to form a substance which, under black liquor furnace conditions, reacts with the sodium sulfide content of the black liquor ash to oxidize said sodium sulfide and to be itself reduced, such substances preferably comprising sodium persulfate, manganese dioxide, cupric oxide and ferric oxide and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A blowhead apparatus including a blowhead arm and a blowhead body having at least one blowhead therein. The blowhead body is removably connected to the blowhead arm. The blowhead includes a retaining member, a seating member mounted on a sealed bearing, and a sealing ring having a seating surface mating with a seating surface on the seating member. A fluid system for supplying high and low pressure air includes a sealed pilot operated shuttle valve for controlling the high and low pressure air, a pilot valve for controlling the shuttle valve, and an on-off valve for the low pressure air.

Abstract: Various CVD processes are known whereby glass particles are flowed toward or over a substrate on which they are to be deposited. Because the substrate is cooler than the stream in which the particles are flowing, the thermophoretic force directs the particles toward the substrate. In accordance with the invention a beam of laser light is propagated over the surface in the vicinity of the stream of particles. The particles and/or a component within the stream absorbs the laser energy to induce within the stream of particles a temperature gradient whereby temperature increases with increased distance from the substrate surface.

Abstract: A process of producing cooking liquor for addition to a digester for enhancement of the yield derived from kraft pulping of wood chips in which a portion of the black liquor is treated with lime under certain conditions and then reused as cooking liquor. The causticizing of the black liquor results in the generation of polysulfide ions and allows, through the formation of calcium-organo complexes, for the carryover of soluble calcium with the black liquor. The presence of calcium ions synergistically enhances the effectiveness of polysulfide such that the use of the new cooking liquor results in pulp yield increases of several percentage points for the same lignin content when compared to conventional kraft pulping.

Abstract: A drive system for arcuately oscillating the gob guiding units of the delivery system of a rotating table type glassware forming machine. The drive means includes a drive shaft having a crank and associated crank roller at one end, the roller being operatively situated within a crank box on one of the gob guiding units. Rotating of the drive shaft causes oscillatory motion of the gob guiding unit. A connecting link is provided to transfer this motion to other gob guiding units.

Abstract: A continuous process of removing silica from spent pulping liquors (black liquors) which have been obtained by the alkaline digestion of annual plants. The spent liquor is preconcentrated and contacted with a CO.sub.2 -containing gas. The CO.sub.2 -containing gas is supplied at a rate of 30 to 40 m.sup.3 s.t.p. per m.sup.3 of spent liquor. The precipitated silica is removed from the treated liquor. The silica-containing precipitate which has been separated is diluted and washed with water and causticized by an addition of lime or milk of lime. Solid and liquid phases are separated from each other and the resulting residue is combusted.

Abstract: An assembly for treatment of an endless wire or felt which passes around a support roll comprises a transversely elongated support frame, rails, means at each end of the frame for movable support of the frame on the rails into and out of a surrounding position in relation to the support roll, and a roll which is transversely disposed within the frame, as well as means for holding the roll in the frame in such a position within the frame that at a first surrounding position of the frame in relation to the support roll the frame roll obtains contact with the felt on the support roll and at a second surrounding position of the frame in relation to the support roll the frame roll obtains contact with a free section of the felt adjacent the support roll. The roll on the frame can be heated and has a drive motor for rotary movement of the roll about its longitudinal axis.

Abstract: A preform from which lightguide fiber is drawn is made by depositing optically suitable layers of doped silicon dioxide on an inner wall of a rotating glass substrate tube which is exposed to a moving zone of heat during a deposition mode and during a collapse mode. During at least a first pass following the deposition mode, a contact device is caused to engage each successive increment of length of the tube during exposure to the zone of heat. The contact device causes any sagged or offset portions of the tube to be reconfigured and causes the tube to have a central longitudinal axis which is a straight line which extends between stocks of a lathe by which ends of the tube are supported. The contact device may also be used to cause the tube to have a predetermined configuration along its length.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a device for performing routine urinalysis. A closed integrated system enables the user to do the important variety of tests and steps during each procedure, thereby greatly minimizing the exposure of the user to the undesired contamination from the urine specimen being tested and facilitating the performance of the testing procedure under a shorter timeframe and initiating lesser laboratory wares expenditure. The device is comprised of a clear and transparent tubular container, subdivided into a larger main longitudinal chamber integrated with two adjacent smaller longitudinal chambers therein. One of the smaller longitudinal chambers being calibrated to the equivalence of the routinely accepted specific gravity urinometer (hydrometer) and, inside this chamber is a small flotation component for determining the specific gravity of the urine specimen trapped therein.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are described for producing a modified carbohydrate material, preferably starch, in fluid form. In the process a starch slurry is continuously moved through a confined tubular preheat zone where heat is very rapidly transferred to the slurry, whereby the slurry passes through a gelation stage and forms into a hot free flowing liquid. The heat transfer is from superatmospheric steam surrounding at least part of the tubular heating zone, the temperature of the steam and the cross-sectional area of each tubular preheat zone being selected to rapidly transfer heat from the steam throughout the slurry and minimize the magnitude of the zone of high viscosity gel formed during the gelation stage. The hot liquid formed is immediately forced through a restrictive opening and into a confined tubular reaction zone accompanied by a sudden decrease in pressure whereby the starch is made highly reactive.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a membrane remover/etchant solution including an organic solvent, a strong ionizable acid, a weak acid and an acid stable surfactant. The present invention further includes a method for removing a membrane and etching a concrete surface in which the membrane remover/etchant solution is in an organic solvent system and is applied to the concrete in an inactive acid form and then water is applied to activate the acid. The resulting materials are then picked up and the surface is rinsed with water.

Abstract: A process for the hydrolysis of cellulose from vegetable raw materials to glucose, particularly using wood as the raw material, comprises conveying the raw material through a hydrolysis zone in finely comminuted form, the raw material being impregnated with dilute acid and at a sufficiently high hydrolysis temperature. The raw material impregnated with dilute acid is supplied in portions and continuously through the hydrolysis zone where it is heated to a hydrolysis temperature of above 250.degree. C. by means of high pressure steam. This takes place in an extremely short time accompanied by a sudden pressure rise.Apparatus for performing this process comprises a tubular reactor having at least one straight pipe through which can be conveyed an endless piston chain. The pistons of this chain form a leakage gap opposite the inner wall of the pipe and, in each case, two adjacent pistons define a piston chamber. A high pressure steam line is arranged to issue approximately into the center of the pipe.

Abstract: A glassware forming machine is shown which has a baffle support arm. The baffle support arm provides for four individual baffle holders which are grouped in adjacent pairs. The pairs of holders are interconnected by an equalizer arm and are biased into position by a leaf spring above and by a coil spring below. The equalizer arms are connected intermediate their lengths to a third larger equalizer bar which is pivoted for a rocking motion. The apparatus further comprises means for lifting and moving the baffle support arm and a latch means for changing the baffle holders.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treating waste paper, wherein the waste paper is steeped, under certain circumstances chemically treated at the same time, and is thereafter adjusted to a lower substance density and sorted. Furthermore the invention relates to apparatus for performing such a method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the delignification of unbleached chemical pulp, comprising the following stages:(a) oxidation of the unbleached pulp with a peroxide, in an alkaline medium with a % ratio of peroxide/pulp with respect to the Kappa index of said pulp which may vary between 0.01 and 0.1 and a pH kept at between 9 and 12, the said oxidation stage being followed by(b) mechanical pressing of the oxidized pulp, with recycling of the extraction effluents from the pressing stage,partly above the oxidation stage,partly below the oxidation stage, with a view to ensure the prior dilution of the pulp oxidized before the pressing,and if necessary partly towards the wash of the unbleached pulp.Advantages: A reduction in the quantities of reagents to be used, a saving of heat energy and a reduction of the pollution.

Abstract: This invention comprises a method for increasing the accessibility of cellulose in lignocellulosic materials to chemical or biochemical reagents. The material is steam cooked for a predetermined time, then rapidly depressurized. A venting sequence is used to remove volatiles from the reactor. Optimal cooking times for normal and acid catalyzed cooking are disclosed, according to the discovery of a novel set of governing equations, wherein optimum cooking times can be determined as a time integration of reactor pressure.

Abstract: Pipette means having aspirating and expelling means and a substantially cylindrical tube connected to a pipette tip for fluid flow therebetween; the expelling means being arranged to apply pressure to the outer surface of the cylindrical tube, the diameter and wall thickness of which being chosen so that said tube is compressed elastically and substantially uniformly and circumferentially to reduce the internal volume thereof, tending to expel any liquid from the pipette tip; and the aspirating means being arranged to relieve pressure from the outer surface of said tube, allowing the tube to expand substantially circumferentially and uniformly so that liquid may thereby be drawn into the pipette tip.

Abstract: A method and mechamism of removing an edge of a paper web formed on a traveling foraminous wire from stock issuing from the slice of a headbox including a blade positioned parallel to the machine direction and located to separate the edge from the flow of stock issuing from the slice opening before it engages the traveling wire and collecting the edge material separated and conveying it away so that the material can be used.