Abstract: A method is disclosed for inhibiting the action of TNF for treating conditions of the optic nerve or retina in a human by administering a TNF antagonist for reducing the inflammation of neuronal tissue, or for modulating the immune response affecting neuronal tissue of a human by administering to the human a therapeutically effective dosage level of a TNF antagonist. The TNF antagonist is selected from the group consisting of etanercept, infliximab, pegylated soluble TNF receptor Type I (PEGsTNF-R1), CDP571 (a humanized monoclonal anti-TNF-alpha antibody), and D2E7 (a human anti-TNF mAb) for reducing the inflammation of neuronal tissue of a human, or for modulating the immune response affecting neuronal tissue of a human.

Abstract: Novel neuroprotectant methods are described. &bgr;-Lactamase inhibitors are used to prevent or reduce loss of neuronal cells and neuronal cell function in patients afflicted with or susceptible to disease states or conditions known to result in or cause neuronal tissue insult.

Abstract: A treatment for urushiol induced contact dermatitis is provided for in a topical treatment. According to the invention, a method is provided for applying a composition of substances to the effected area, working the composition into the effected area, and removing the composition from the effected area. The composition comprises at least one ethoxylate in combination with Sodium Lauryl Sarcosininate (or “SLS”). It is believed that this combination binds to the available urushiol receptors rendering it inactive. The affinity of the receptors for the ethoxylates also appears to cause a release of the urushiol from its epidermal bonds for bonding to the composition. An inert scrubbing agent, such as polyethylene beads, can also be included to assist in the release of the urushiol. Acetylated lanolin alcohol, sodium lauroyl sarconinate, EDTA, a foam stabilizer, and water can also be added to the composition without effecting performance.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain and inflammation processes at wounds from general surgical procedures including oral/dental procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. The solution is applied by continuous irrigation of a wound during a surgical procedure for preemptive inhibition of pain and while avoiding undesirable side effects associated with oral, intramuscular, subcutaneous or intravenous application of larger doses of the agents.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the treatment of mood disorders utilizing osanetant or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: An ear wax solution includes a detergent which is effective to treat the ear wax by a mechanism involving at least one of dissolving the ear wax, softening the ear wax, and reducing the attachment of the ear wax to the ear. The detergent is selected from anionic detergents, cationic detergents, zwitterionic detergents, ampholytic detergents, amphoteric detergents, nonionic detergents having a steroid skeleton, or mixtures thereof. The ear wax solution also includes a solvent which is water, a hydrophilic solvent, or a mixture thereof The ear wax solution also includes an alkaline material effective to make the solution alkaline. The ear wax solution further includes an ionic additive effective to increase the ionic strength of the solution.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting damage to proteins, lipids, and DNA by the use of penicillamines and other &agr;-amino-&bgr;,&bgr;-mercapto-&bgr;,&bgr;-dimethyl-ethane compounds as dicarbonyl scavengers is disclosed.

Abstract: Skin whitening compositions contain &agr;-hydroxytetronic acid or a &agr;-hydroxy tetronic derivative, and, in some cases, hydroquinone, an &agr;-hydroxy acid such as glycolic acid, and a fatty acid ester of ascorbic acid such as ascorbyl palmitate.

Abstract: This invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions of riluzole in combination with levodopa and methods of treating Parkinson's disease and alleviating levodopa-induced dyskinesia and tardive dyskinesia therewith. Pharmaceutical compositions of riluzole in combination with an antipsychotic drug are also provided for use in the treatment of behavioral and psychiatric disorders treatable with an antipsychotic drug.

Abstract: A triple drug therapy, pharmaceutical kit, composition, and method of treatment regimen utilized as a combination of effective amounts of an anxiolytic agent, centrally acting alpha antiadrenergic agent, and central nervous system stimulant for the reduction or prevention of dizziness, drowsiness, depression, delirium, lethargy, mania, orthostatic hypotension, restlessness, weakness in the extremities, and difficulty in being mobile negative side effects caused by therapeutic agents utilized in the treatment of acute and chronic pain syndromes.

Abstract: A method of promoting functional recovery and reducing oxidative stress and inflammation following an acute physical insult to the central nervous system, comprising administering to a mammalian patient which has suffered an acute physical insult to the central nervous system an initial dose of L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate (“OTC”) or a variant thereof is disclosed. This method preferably further includes the step of administering a number of subsequent doses of OTC or a variant thereof as subsequent time periods. Also provided is a use of OTC or a variant thereof in the preparation of a medicament useful in reducing inflammation in the central nervous system and promoting the functional recovery of a mammalian patient which has suffered an acute physical insult to the central nervous system, such as neurotrauma, stroke or aneurysm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pharmaceutical preparation in a make-up which is suited for external application and which contains a dithranol derivative as an active ingredient.

Abstract: The compositions are aromatic, gaunidino group containing compounds used for inducing anesthesia and reducing core temperatures in mammals.

Abstract: A method and solution for perioperatively inhibiting a variety of pain, inflammation, spasm and restenosis processes resulting from cardiovascular or general surgical, therapeutic and diagnostic procedures. The solution preferably includes multiple pain and inflammation inhibitory agents, including at least one local anesthetic agent, and spasm inhibitory agents at dilute concentration in a physiologic carrier, such as saline or lactated Ringer's solution. Specific preferred embodiments of the solution of the present invention for use in cardiovascular and general vascular procedures also include anti-restenosis agents.

Abstract: The invention is directed to methods to treat conditions mediated by p38-&agr;kinase using compounds of the formula and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, or a pharmaceutical composition thereof, wherein Z is N or CR1, R1 is a noninterfering substituent, each of X1 and X2 is a linker, Ar1 and Ar2 are identical or different, and represent optionally substituted C1-C20 hydrocarbyl residues wherein at least one of Ar1 and Ar2 is an optionally substituted aryl group, with the proviso that when X2 is CH2 or an isostere thereof, X1 is CO or an isostere thereof, and Ar2 is optionally substituted phenyl, Ar1 is other than an optionally substituted indolyl, benzimidazolyl or benzotriazolyl substituent, and wherein said optionally substituted phenyl is not an optionally substituted indolyl, benzimidazolyl, or benzotriazolyl, Y is a noninterfering substituent, wherein n is an integer from 0-4, and wherein m is an integer from 0-4 and 1 is an integer from 0-3.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel drug composition for relieving pain and promoting the removal of calculi in urolithiasis which contains an active ingredient having stimulating effects on both &bgr;2- and &bgr;3-adrenoceptors and exerting a potent relaxing effect on human ureteral smooth muscle.

Abstract: An anti-depressant, mental & emotional stress suppressor and mood improver having a prominent action for decreasing blood cortisol level and serotonin reuptake and has an effect of alleviating symptoms associated with depression and mental & emotional stress of a subject administered with the improver. The improver contains as the effective ingredient a combination of phosphatidy-L-serine and phosphadtidic acid, or the salts thereof, comprising at least 20% (w/w) phosphatidy-L-serine and typically within the range of about 20%-40% of phosphatidy-L-serine, out of the total phospholipid content of the composition and at least 3% (w/w) of phosphatidic acid, preferably above about 10% and typically within the range of about 20%-40% of phosphatidic acid, out of the total phospholipid content of the composition.

Abstract: The invention relates to a medicament containing mixtures of betasitosterol and phytosterol and/or betasitosterol and its physiological metabolites. Processes were discovered for dissolving betasitosterol, which in itself is difficult to dissolve, in various oils and paraffins and in glycerin, which processes offer new indications for the use of these substances. In addition, the esterification of the betasitosterol with carboxylic acids opens up therapeutic possibilities in asthma, inflammatory intestinal diseases, arterial hypertension, autoimmune diseases of the skin and pain relief which far exceed the currently known range of uses of betasitosterol and phytosterol/betasitosterol mixtures.

Abstract: Norepinephrine uptake 2 inhibitors (or their precursors) are administered to enhance the effect of norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors and other antidepressants. The uptake 2 inhibitor may be combined in a single medication with a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, such as imipramine, desipramine, or reboxetine, in order to inhibit both uptake mechanisms. The norepinephrine uptake 2 inhibitors may also be combined with MAO inhibitors or with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Alternatively, the norepinephrine uptake 2 inhibitors may be useful antidepressants in their own right, without the need for co-administration of other antidepressants.

Abstract: Method for mediating the effects of light on melatonin rhythmicity in mammals and a method of mediating circadian rhythms, effected by the administration of a compound or compounds effective at a 5-HT2c serotonin receptor site. By administration of selected doses of the 5-HT2c receptor active compound it is possible to advance or delay circadian rhythms as measured by the rate of melatonin production or moderation of core body temperature rhythms.