Abstract: A mixture of a di- or polyphosphonic acid and a reductant wherein each is present in a sufficient amount to provide a synergistic effect with respect to the dissolution of metal oxides and optionally containing corrosion inhibitors and pH adjusting agents.

Abstract: The application is directed to an aqueous liquid automatic dishwasher detergent composition containing a dual bleach system. The composition contains a chlorine bleach source and a bromide compound. The bromide compound is insoluble or only sparingly soluble in the aqueous product liquid composition. The chlorine bleach source can be a hypochlorite compound or a chlorine compound that reacts with water to form hypochlorite. In the wash bath at higher temperature and high volume of water the bromide compound dissolves and then reacts with a portion of the hypochlorite to form hypobromite. The active ingredients of the dual bleach system are the remaining unreacted hypochlorite and the hypobromite which provide improved cleaning performance against both proteinaceous and starchy carbohydrate soils. The aqueous liquid compositions are easily pourable and readily dispersed in the wash bath.

Abstract: Sol-gel processing techniques are used to produce alkali-free bioactive glass compositions based on SiO.sub.2, CaO and P.sub.2 O.sub.5. By varying the SiO.sub.2 content, a range of hydroxyapatite production rates can be obtained; conversely, varying the time of exposure to actual or simulated in vivo solutions permits use of a range of allowable proportions of SiO.sub.2. The sol-gel derived compositions can be chosen to achieve target values for thermal expansion coefficient, elastic modulus and volume electrical resistivity.

Abstract: A composition and method for treating fibers is based on an organopolysiloxane having at least one cyclohexylamino-substituted hydrocarbon radical directly bonded to a silicon atom. The composition and method provide non-yellowing fibers and a treatment agent that does not gel during use, such as when exposed to carbon dioxide and/or used to treat carbon fibers.

Abstract: A process for dyeing keratinous fibers comprises a two-step operation in which in the first step the fibers are contacted with an indole dye in a medium suitable for dyeing the fibers, the medium being free from any oxidation catalyst and oxidation catalyst. Thereafter, in the second step the fibers are contacted with a para type oxidation dye precursor in a medium which is also suitable for dyeing the fibers and is free from any oxidation catalyst and oxidation agent. A multi-compartment kit housing the indole dye and para type oxidation dye precursor is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed are liquid detergent compositions containing from about 5% to about 40% of an alkyl sulfate or alkyl ethoxylated sulfate surfactant, or mixture thereof, and water-insoluble, amine-organic anion ion-pair conditioning particles in a liquid base. The alkyl sulfate, alkyl ethoxylated sulfate, or mixture thereof, stabilizes the conditioning particles for improved shelf-life.

Abstract: An improved composition of matter and method of use for removing cured coatings of paint or varnish or other similar coatings from substrates. The composition comrpises chlorinated solvent paint strippers (especially methylene chloride (CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2)), waxes and an additive selected from the group consisting of decanolactone (C.sub.10 H.sub.18 O.sub.2), N-methylpyrrolidone (CH.sub.3 NCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2) and butyrolactone (OCH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CO). The additive retards the evaporation of the solvent resulting in a composition that is environmentally less hazardous to a user and also resulting in improved stripping effectiveness.

Abstract: The present invention concerns the aminophenols (I) as novel couplers ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 may be the same or different and are hydrogen, alkyl and hydroxyalkyl of from 1 to about 6 carbons in the alkyl moiety, or R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 can also form, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, a morpholine, piperidine or pyrrolidine ring, and R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are hydrogen, alkyl, acyl and hydroxyalkyl having from 1 to about 6 carbons, and oxidative hair dye compositions containing same along with at least one primary dye intermediate in aqueous or hydroalcoholic media.

Abstract: Mercaptyl-containing quaternary nitrogen compounds, which may contain additional functional moieties such as dye, polysiloxane, or polyoxyalkylenes groups, are useful in the treatment of hair, used in hair-treating compositions, to impart properties such as conditioning, shape, color, sheen, and manageability.

Abstract: A mixed cleaning solvent containing dichlorotrifluoroethane and dimethoxymethane without containing Flon #113, which is suitable for cleaning and degreasing printed circuit boards and for eliminating flux residues and dust particles adhering thereon and which reveals high cleaning ability without occurrence of whity specks of volatilization residues including ionic residues on the treated surface with possible attainment of high stability to decomposition of the solvent component.

Abstract: The improved hair dye compounds are 2-amino-6-chloro-4-nitrophenol derivatives of the general formula (I) ##STR1## wherein the radical R is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group with 1 to 5 carbon atoms. These hair dye compounds may be made by substitution of an amine group hydrogen of 2-amino-6-chloro-4-nitrophenol to form the amide and subsequent reduction, preferably with sodium borohydride. The hair dye compositions contain a compound of formula (I). The compounds of formula (I) dye the hair an intense red and can be favorably tolerated physiologically.

Abstract: A resin cleaner composition is provided herein for use as a cleaning solvent to remove cured, partially cured and uncured polyester or vinyl ester resin containing a free radical polymerization initiator from resin fabrication tools. The composition is characterized by the presence therein of a free radical inhibitor which suppresses the rate of free radical polymerization. Thereby the resin can be loaded in increased amounts in the composition without an accompanying increase in polymerization of the resin.

Abstract: The present invention provides the following hair-treatment composition, bleaching composition and hair color tone modifier composition:a hair-treatment composition containing:(1) a ferrous salt, and(2) a nonreducing organic chelate-forming compound capable of forming a chelate compound together with a ferrous ion,and having a pH value of from 3 to 6, wherein the stability constant (K.sub.

Abstract: A detergent composition comprising a phosphate-type surface active agent and an alkyl saccharide-type surface active agent is described. The phosphate-type surface active agent which can be used have the following formula (I) or (II), and the alkyl saccharide-type surface active agent have the following formula (III): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3, and R.sub.4 represent a linear or branched alkyl, alkenyl group, or alkyl phenyl groups of a C.sub.8-18 carbon atom content, X and Y represent a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, an ammonium, or an alkanol amine having a hydroxyl alkyl group of a a C.sub.2-3 carbon atom content, R.sub.5 represents an alklene group of a C.sub.2-4 carbon atom content, G represents a reduced sugar of a C.sub.5-6 carbon atom content, and l, m, n, and p denote a value of 0 to 10. The detergent composition exhibits exceptionaly good detergent capability and foaming capability.

Abstract: Composition for the oxidative dyeing of hair based on a combination of developer substances and coupler substances contains, as developer substance, a diaminopyrazol of the general formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are identical or different and designate hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, benzyl or phenyl, and R.sup.3 is hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, hydroxyalkyl with 2 to 4 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the amino groups are in 3,4 or 4,5 position, or its physiologically tolerated, water-soluble salt, new diaminopyrazol derivatives of the above general formula I are also described herein in which R.sup.1 is methyl or benzyl and the R.sup.2 and R.sup.4 are either benzyl, phenyl, hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or hydroxyalkyl with 2 to 4 carbon atoms and R.sup.3 is either hydrogen, alkyl with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or hydroxylakyl with 2 to 4 carbon atoms.

Abstract: Means to decrease the effects of polymerization shrinkage, increase stiffness, decrease the coefficient of thermal expansion to a greater extent than previously possible, and improve the durability of composite restorations by use of improved microcrystalline glass inserts. Shaped pieces of assorted sizes within the range of one-half to 10 millimeters are heat treated to produce microcrystallinity in which the crystalline phases, such as for example stuffed beta quartz, beta-eucryptite, beta-spodumene solid solutions, and keatite and/or other phases, give the microcrystalline glass pieces exceptionally low coefficients of thermal expansion and other desirable properties. Compositions and heat treatment conditions are given to provide the insert pieces with the desired translucencies/opacities, colors, and shades, to match a range of those properties found in teeth.

Abstract: This is a bleach granule comprising the nonylamide of peroxyadipic acid with a average particle size of about 0.1 to 260 microns, bleach-stable surfactant, and a hydratable, NAPAA-compatible material, e.g. sodium sulfate. The bleach granules are stable and are effective bleaching agents.

Abstract: Acidified N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is activated with 1-20% by weight of ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate (EEP) to provide an effective composition for removal of both uncured and cured paints from wood and metal surfaces.

Abstract: Formulations for cleaning and restoring electrical cable which include a water-displacing additive, a water-proofing additive and a solvent. The formulations are particularly useful for cleaning and restoring electrical properties to paper insulated cables.

Abstract: The novel hair dye compositions containing a compound of the formula: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 which may be identical or different, are hydrogen, alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, polyhydroxyalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, hydroxyalkoxyalkyl aminoalkyl and dialkylaminoalkyl, each alkyl group and each alkoxy group having from about 1 to about 6 carbons and R.sub.5 is hydrogen or alkyl containing from about 1 to about 6 carbon atoms are disclosed. More specifically, the present invention concerns the inclusion of such compounds of formula I in hair dye compositions as direct dyes, and especially the novel compound 4-(2-hydroxyethylamino)-3-nitrobenzamide. The compounds, some of which are novel, provide a yellow dye base for the hair dyeing compositions.